The growing trends in the usage of hand held devices necessitate the need to design them with low power consumption and less area design. Besides, information security is gaining…
Abstract
Purpose
The growing trends in the usage of hand held devices necessitate the need to design them with low power consumption and less area design. Besides, information security is gaining enormous importance in information transmission and data storage technology. In addition, today’s technology world is connected, communicated and controlled via the Internet of Things (IoT). In many applications, the most standard and widely used cryptography algorithm for providing security is Advanced Encryption Standard (AES). This paper aims to design an efficient model of AES cryptography for low power and less area.
Design/methodology/approach
First, the main issues related to less area and low power consumption in the AES encryption core are addressed. To implement optimized AES core, the authors proposed optimized multiplicative inverse, affine transforms and Xtime multipliers functions, which are the core function of AES’s core. In addition, to achieve the high throughput, it uses the multistage pipeline and resource reuse architectures for SBox and Mixcolumn of AES.
Findings
The results of optimized AES architecture have revealed that the multistage pipe line and resource sharing are optimal design model in Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) implementation. It could provide high security with low power and area for IoT and wireless sensors networks.
Originality/value
This proposed optimized modified architecture has been implemented in FPGA to calculate the power, area and delay parameters. This multistage pipeline and resource sharing have promised to minimize the area and power.
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Velid Unsal, Köksal Deveci, Zeliha Cansel Ozmen and Mehmet Kemal Tumer
The debate on the metabolic effects of high fructose corn syrup (HFCS) continues. The deterioration of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) homeostasis is called ER stress…
Abstract
Purpose
The debate on the metabolic effects of high fructose corn syrup (HFCS) continues. The deterioration of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) homeostasis is called ER stress. Glucose-regulated protein-78 (GRP-78) and X-box binding protein-1 (XBP-1) are key markers of ER stress and the therapeutic targets of diseases. Sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c) is the most important transcription factor that regulates the expression of enzymes for fatty acid synthesis. The purpose of this paper is to research the effects of L-carnitine and trans-chalcone on ER stress and oxidative stress parameters, and to explore the therapeutic potential of L-carnitine and trans-chalcone molecules.
Design/methodology/approach
Forty male wistar albino rats randomly selected were divided into five groups. All groups are fed with standard chow (ad libitum). While Group I was fed with drinking water, Group II, III, IV and V were fed with water containing 15% HFCS. L-carnitine was given to Group IV and trans-chalcone to Group V, and both were dissolved with DMSO and given intraperitoneally. Group III was not given anything additional.
Findings
While the amount of water consumption of HFCS-fed rats has increased, the amount of feed consumption has decreased. The weights of rats in Group II and Group III have increased significantly compared to Group I (p = 0.001, p = 0.001 respectively). In Group III, GRP78, XBP-1; malondialdehyde level (p < 0.001, p = 0.001, p = 0.041); total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL levels (p = 0.001, p < 0.001, p = 0.009, p = 0.001, respectively) have increased significantly.
Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first report to show that excessive HFCS consumption causes oxidative stress and ER stress. The antioxidant and antiobesity properties of trans chalcone have been demonstrated. Extensive experimental and clinical studies should be conducted.
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Annapoorani Subramanian and Jayaparvathy R.
The solar photovoltaic (PV) system is one of the outstanding, clean and green energy options available for electrical power generation. The varying meteorological operating…
Abstract
Purpose
The solar photovoltaic (PV) system is one of the outstanding, clean and green energy options available for electrical power generation. The varying meteorological operating conditions impose various challenges in extracting maximum available power from the solar PV system. The drawbacks of conventional and evolutionary algorithms-based maximum power point tracking (MPPT) approaches are its inability to extract maximum power during partial shading conditions and quickly changing irradiations. Hence, the purpose of this paper is to propose a modified elephant herding optimization (MEHO) based MPPT approach to track global maximum power point (GMPP) proficiently during dynamic and steady state operations within less time.
Design/methodology/approach
A MEHO-based MPPT approach is proposed in this paper by incorporating Gaussian mutation (GM) in the original elephant herding optimization (EHO) to enhance the optimizing capability of determining the optimal value of DC–DC converter’s duty cycle (D) to operate at GMPP.
Findings
The effectiveness of the proposed system is compared with EHO based MPPT, Firefly Algorithm (FA) MPPT and particle swarm optimization (PSO) MPPT during uniform irradiation condition (UIC) and partial shading situation (PSS) using simulation results. An experimental setup has been designed and implemented. Simulation results obtained are validated through experimental results which prove the viability of the proposed technique for an efficient green energy solution.
Originality/value
With the proposed MEHO MPPT, it has been noted that the settling period is lowered by 3.1 times in comparison of FA MPPT, 1.86 times when compared to PSO based MPPT and 1.29 times when compared to EHO based MPPT with augmented efficiency of 99.27%.
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Gary D. Futrell and Tiffany N. Clemons
The purpose of this research is to compare the mission statements of the hospitals listed on the 2014 US News & World Report’s Best Hospitals List to investigate the research…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this research is to compare the mission statements of the hospitals listed on the 2014 US News & World Report’s Best Hospitals List to investigate the research question, “Are high ranking hospitals (HRH) more likely than low ranking hospitals (LRH) to address cultural diversity in strategic statements?”
Design/methodology/approach
The strategic statements of 44 HRH and 56 LRH were compared using chi-square and Fisher’s exact test.
Findings
While the data do not support the notion that HRHs are more likely than LRHs to address diversity in strategic statements, HRHs are more likely than LRHs to actually devote resources to address the issues of cultural diversity.
Research limitations/implications
The current research is limited to a sample taken from the US News & World Report Best Hospitals. This is not a definitive list, and a multitude of third-party hospital raters exist – each with its own unique metrics.
Practical implications
The results do not show a relationship between a hospital’s mission statement and its ranking in the US News List of Best Hospitals. However, the findings suggest that hospitals that maintain a dedicated diversity manager/office do tend to be higher ranked.
Originality/value
This is the first known investigation of the relationship between the inclusion of diversity in hospital mission statements and hospital rankings. The research suggests that addressing diversity in strategic statements is simply not enough and that dedicated, ground-level resources are necessary to properly impact quality care and third-party ratings.
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Belén Maldonado-López, Pablo Ledesma-Chaves and Eloy Gil-Cordero
Given the scarce research on the intention to use the metaverse by higher education students in the marketing field and since the introduction of the metaverse brings a new…
Abstract
Purpose
Given the scarce research on the intention to use the metaverse by higher education students in the marketing field and since the introduction of the metaverse brings a new dimension to consumer interaction, the purpose of this study aims to understand what psychological and contextual factors such as the feeling of loneliness or perceived social risk of young people affect the incorporation of immersive reality tools in the teaching-learning process.
Design/methodology/approach
Currently, the use of the metaverse in university education has captured the interest of teachers and researchers. The adoption of immersive virtual platforms where students experience different forms of interaction through customized avatars appears as a promising opportunity in the field of marketing, while concerns arise about the social and psychological risks that may affect its main adopters, youth. The proposed relationships were evaluated using PLS-SEM (symmetric) and QCA (asymmetric) approaches.
Findings
The results revealed that the feeling of loneliness, as well as personality traits of openness to experience and conscientiousness, in relation to hedonic motivations, are significant for the intention to use the metaverse.
Research limitations/implications
This research provides useful implications from an educational perspective, as well as applications in the commercial management of immersive platforms, taking into account their social impact, allowing for effective exploration and development of the metaverse’s potential in educational environments.
Originality/value
This research analyzes the relationship between the experience of feelings of loneliness and perceived social risk in the educational environment, along with the psychological and motivational factors affecting the intention to use the metaverse by higher education students which have not been investigated in the scientific literature so far.
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Yakubu Salisu and Lily Julienti Abu Bakar
The purpose of this paper is to empirically evaluate the mediating role of learning capability on the relationship between technological capability, relational capability and…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to empirically evaluate the mediating role of learning capability on the relationship between technological capability, relational capability and small and medium enterprises (SMEs) performance in developing economy of Africa.
Design/methodology/approach
A quantitative survey design was employed to collect the data from owner/manager of manufacturing SMEs in Nigeria. Partial least square structural equation model was used in the evaluation of both the measurement and structural models to determine the reliability and validity of the measurement and test the hypotheses, respectively.
Findings
The statistical result indicates a positive relationship between technological capability, learning capability and SMEs performance. Equally, relational capability significantly and positively relates to SMEs learning capability. However, relational capability negatively relates to SMEs performance, while technological capability also negatively relates to learning capability. Furthermore, learning capability mediates the negative relationship of relational capability and SMEs performance to significant positive relationship, while it does not mediate the relationship of technological capability and performance.
Research limitations/implications
The analysis of this study is restricted to only resource-based view and dynamic capability theory. Data of the study were collected once a time on a self-reported technique. The study contributed significantly to the body literature on technological and relational capabilities and performance. It also demonstrated the need for SMEs manager to recognize and appreciate the roles of these strategic capabilities in achieving sustainable competitive position.
Practical implications
Through relational capability SMEs develops efficient collaborative relationship to acquire new techniques, knowledge. This is specifically, essential for SMEs firms from less developing and emerging economies as they are lagging behind at the global competitive platform, and that the possession of specific advantage locally may not be adequately enough to help penetrate the global markets. Similarly, technological capability enable firms to identify acquire and apply new external knowledge to develop operational competencies which may lead to the attainment of superior performance.
Social implications
Government policies and programs designed to support technological development and innovation must be adjusted to consider the peculiar nature of SMEs firms in terms of technology and innovativeness that enhances competitive position and performance.
Originality/value
This study empirically examined the relationship of technological and relational capabilities and the SMEs learning capability and performance.
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Minning Wu, Feng Zhang and X. Rui
Internet of things (IoT) is essential in technical, social and economic domains, but there are many challenges that researchers are continuously trying to solve. Traditional…
Abstract
Purpose
Internet of things (IoT) is essential in technical, social and economic domains, but there are many challenges that researchers are continuously trying to solve. Traditional resource allocation methods in IoT focused on the optimal resource selection process, but the energy consumption for allocating resources is not considered sufficiently. This paper aims to propose a resource allocation technique aiming at energy and delay reduction in resource allocation. Because of the non-deterministic polynomial-time hard nature of the resource allocation issue and the forest optimization algorithm’s success in complex problems, the authors used this algorithm to allocate resources in IoT.
Design/methodology/approach
For the vast majority of IoT applications, energy-efficient communications, sustainable energy supply and reduction of latency have been major goals in resource allocation, making operating systems and applications more efficient. One of the most critical challenges in this field is efficient resource allocation. This paper has provided a new technique to solve the mentioned problem using the forest optimization algorithm. To simulate and analyze the proposed technique, the MATLAB software environment has been used. The results obtained from implementing the proposed method have been compared to the particle swarm optimization (PSO), genetic algorithm (GA) and distance-based algorithm.
Findings
Simulation results show that the proper performance of the proposed technique. The proposed method, in terms of “energy” and “delay,” is better than other ones (GA, PSO and distance-based algorithm).
Practical implications
The paper presents a useful method for improving resource allocation methods. The proposed method has higher efficiency compared to the previous methods. The MATLAB-based simulation results have indicated that energy consumption and delay have been improved compared to other algorithms, which causes the high application of this method in practical projects. In the future, the focus will be on resource failure and reducing the service level agreement violation rate concerning the number of resources.
Originality/value
The proposed technique can solve the mentioned problem in the IoT with the best resource utilization, low delay and reduced energy consumption. The proposed forest optimization-based algorithm is a promising technique to help enterprises participate in IoT initiatives and develop their business.
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Jin Zhang, Yuehua Zhao and Yanyan Wang
Quantitative methods, especially statistical methods, play an increasingly important role in research of library and information science (LIS). For different journals, the uses of…
Abstract
Purpose
Quantitative methods, especially statistical methods, play an increasingly important role in research of library and information science (LIS). For different journals, the uses of statistical methods vary substantially due to different journal scopes and aims. The purpose of this paper is to explore the characteristics of statistical methodology uses in six major scholarly journals in LIS.
Design/methodology/approach
Research papers that used statistical methods from the six major journals were selected and investigated. Content analysis method, descriptive statistical analysis method, and temporal analysis method were used to compare and analyze statistical method uses in research papers of the investigated journals.
Findings
The findings of this study show that there was a clear growth trend of statistical method uses in five of the investigated journals; statistical methods were used most in The Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology and Information Processing & Management; and the top three most frequently used statistical methods were t-test, ANOVA test, and χ2-test.
Originality/value
The findings can be used to better understand the application areas, patterns, and trends of statistical methods among the investigated journals and their statistical methodology orientations in research studies of LIS.
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Sanduni Peiris and Nayanthara De Silva
Factory acceptance testing (FAT) in the construction industry has been severely hampered due to restrictions in cross-border travel resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic…
Abstract
Purpose
Factory acceptance testing (FAT) in the construction industry has been severely hampered due to restrictions in cross-border travel resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic. Consequently, virtual FAT (vFAT) became a popular substitute for physical FAT. However, the credibility of vFAT is being questioned because it was adopted without much scrutiny. Hence, this study is aimed at investigating vFATs and re-engineering the FAT process to suit an effective vFAT environment.
Design/methodology/approach
A comprehensive literature search on FAT procedures was followed by two stages of expert interviews with eight leading subject experts and a case study. The findings were analysed using code-based content analysis on NVivo software.
Findings
Strengths of vFATs include “reduction in cost and time consumed”, “flexibility for more participants” and “faster orders”. Most emphasized weaknesses include “lack of reliability” and “lack of technology transfer”. vFAT has mostly increased test reliability by “improving accessibility” and has decreased reliability by “restricting physical touch and feel observation of the equipment”. A four-step vFAT process was developed with a noteworthy additional step called “Pre-FAT Meeting”.
Research limitations/implications
The scope of this study is limited to the Sri Lankan construction industry. Expansion of the geographical area of focus is recommended for future studies.
Originality/value
The findings of this study unveil a vFAT process, which is timely and beneficial for construction practitioners to optimize and enhance the effectiveness of vFATs which are currently conducted in a disarranged manner.
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Jitendra Nath Shaw and Tanmay De Sarkar
The study aims to focus on the present automation status of the college libraries with an objective to offer enhanced Web-based library service on an affordable virtualization on…
Abstract
Purpose
The study aims to focus on the present automation status of the college libraries with an objective to offer enhanced Web-based library service on an affordable virtualization on cloud computing model.
Design/methodology/approach
With Infrastructure as a Service (Infrastructure as a Service) delivery model, this study demonstrates how libraries of colleges/smaller institutes could be connected to cloud Library Management System infrastructure through internet or dedicated point-to-point WAN connectivity. The Software as a Service (SaaS) delivery model depicts how college libraries could form library consortium at its own private cloud environment with installation of the required LMS application, database, middleware and other prerequisites.
Findings
A cloud-based consortium approach for the college libraries will reduce the cost of purchasing hardware equipment and setting up of infrastructural facilities; relieve libraries of involving additional IT skilled manpower; foster collaborative approach with shared environment and minimise duplication in resource subscription.
Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, the present study is the first of its kind in the light of shifting of infrastructure, software and hardware requirements of smaller libraries for cooperative sharing in both IaaS and SaaS cloud platform. The study delineates step by step how college libraries could effectively leverage the cooperative cloud architecture for enhanced library services to reach wider user community.