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Article
Publication date: 1 November 2002

Kit‐Fai Pun and Raj Gill

Many empirical studies verify that a positive correlation exists between employee involvement (EI) and total quality management (TQM) practices. Substantial EI/TQM efforts are…

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Abstract

Many empirical studies verify that a positive correlation exists between employee involvement (EI) and total quality management (TQM) practices. Substantial EI/TQM efforts are beginning to appear in organizations of different sizes and business nature, but there is little general agreement concerning the versatility of EI/TQM planning and implementation. This paper examines the prerequisites of the EI/TQM integration, and proposes a generic EI/TQM implementation model that assists organizations to safeguard their improvement efforts. The construct of the proposed model is built in line with the system frameworks and assessment criteria of the Baldrige Award. The paper also elaborates the essential ingredients of the model, and proposes a 14‐step guideline that facilitates the EI and TQM implementation with organizational strategies. An implementation case of EI/TQM efforts is presented along with a discussion of the applicability of the model.

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Integrated Manufacturing Systems, vol. 13 no. 7
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0957-6061

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Article
Publication date: 1 February 1998

Graham Wilson

Discusses the use of robots in pharmaceutical laboratories for repetitive tasks and dealing with dangerous substances such as radioisotopes. Presents a project undertaken by BNFL…

501

Abstract

Discusses the use of robots in pharmaceutical laboratories for repetitive tasks and dealing with dangerous substances such as radioisotopes. Presents a project undertaken by BNFL, Amercare Ltd and Middlesex University to develop a fully automated radiopharmaceutical dispensing system. Discusses the testing of this system at Guys Hospital.

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Industrial Robot: An International Journal, vol. 25 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0143-991X

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Article
Publication date: 1 September 2000

David Barnes

This paper reports on research investigating the process of formation of manufacturing strategy in six UK manufacturing small and medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs). Realised…

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Abstract

This paper reports on research investigating the process of formation of manufacturing strategy in six UK manufacturing small and medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs). Realised manufacturing strategy can be considered to be the pattern formed in the stream of actions taken within a firm’s manufacturing function. The research aims to locate the source of that stream by identifying the causal origins of strategic manufacturing actions using a strategy charting method. The findings indicate that, for these companies, realised manufacturing strategy is predominantly formed through a bottom‐up emergent process, arising from the preferences of personnel within the manufacturing function. For most strategic manufacturing actions, there is no demonstrable link to business strategy. As such, these firms are not following best‐practice manufacturing strategy literature, which advises that manufacturing strategy be derived from business strategy in a top‐down deliberate process. This is the case despite differences in the size, products, customers, ownership structures and histories of the companies. The paper speculates that, in UK SMEs, more widely, manufacturing strategy may similarly not arise from the pursuit of business objectives. This may be because the concept of manufacturing as a potential strategic weapon is absent in the SME community, or because the formalised top‐down deliberate process of developing manufacturing strategy associated with this concept is inappropriate in the dynamic environments in which most SMEs operate.

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Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, vol. 7 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1462-6004

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Article
Publication date: 11 June 2018

Muhammad Sabbir Rahman, Mahafuz Mannan, Md Afnan Hossain, Mahmud Habib Zaman and Hasliza Hassan

The purpose of this paper is to examine the critical success factor of tacit knowledge-sharing behavior among the academic staff of higher learning institutions.

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Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to examine the critical success factor of tacit knowledge-sharing behavior among the academic staff of higher learning institutions.

Design/methodology/approach

A total of 200 questionnaires were distributed among the academic staff of higher learning institutions in Bangladesh. Collectively, 150 usable responses were returned. Apart from descriptive statistics, this research applied confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structural equation modeling (SEM) to assess the measurement model and test the research hypotheses.

Findings

The findings from this empirical examination show that all the Big Five personality traits affect tacit knowledge-sharing behavior among the academic staff of higher learning institutions, except conscientiousness personality trait. However, the role of motivation, self-efficacy and mutual trust are also playing a significant role in tacit knowledge-sharing behavior. The CFA, SEM analysis confirmed the proposed conceptual model with a good model fit.

Research limitations/implications

The findings of this research contribute to the understanding of the role of personality traits and other antecedents which play a significant role for the academic staff tacit knowledge-sharing behavior which are interesting for policymakers and authorities of higher learning institutions. As there was no sampling frame, the researchers applied convenient sampling technique in choosing the respondents.

Originality/value

This research plays a pioneering role where it contributes to the growing literature on the relationships between personality traits and other factors to construct a model for the tacit knowledge behavior by considering academic staff of higher learning institutions from a developing country’s perspective.

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International Journal of Educational Management, vol. 32 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0951-354X

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Book part
Publication date: 28 November 2024

Patricia Ahmed, Rebecca Jean Emigh and Dylan Riley

A “state-driven” approach suggests that colonists use census categories to rule. However, a “society-driven” approach suggests that this state-driven perspective confers too much…

Abstract

A “state-driven” approach suggests that colonists use census categories to rule. However, a “society-driven” approach suggests that this state-driven perspective confers too much power upon states. A third approach views census-taking and official categorization as a product of state–society interaction that depends upon: (a) the population's lay categories, (b) information intellectuals' ability to take up and transform these lay categories, and (c) the balance of power between social and state actors. We evaluate the above positions by analyzing official records, key texts, travelogues, and statistical memoirs from three key periods in India: Indus Valley civilization through classical Gupta rule (ca. 3300 BCE–700 CE), the “medieval” period (ca. 700–1700 CE), and East India Company (EIC) rule (1757–1857 CE), using historical narrative. We show that information gathering early in the first period was society driven; however, over time, a strong interactive pattern emerged. Scribes (information intellectuals) increased their social status and power (thus, shifting the balance of power) by drawing on caste categories (lay categories) and incorporating them into official information gathering. This intensification of interactive information gathering allowed the Mughals, the EIC, and finally British direct rule officials to collect large quantities of information. Our evidence thus suggests that the intensification of state–society interactions over time laid the groundwork for the success of the direct rule British censuses. It also suggests that any transformative effect of these censuses lay in this interactive pattern, not in the strength of the British colonial state.

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Elites, Nonelites, and Power
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-83797-583-9

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Book part
Publication date: 8 June 2020

Doreen Robinson and Reenee Singh

In this chapter, we describe the belief system of Izzat which is central among South Asian families. The idea of forced marriage is based upon the concept of Izzat or honor which…

Abstract

In this chapter, we describe the belief system of Izzat which is central among South Asian families. The idea of forced marriage is based upon the concept of Izzat or honor which is a cornerstone of family life in South Asian communities.

Rai (2006) suggests that South Asian community members are deeply affected by what others say about them. The closest English translations to Izzat and Sharam are honor and shame, respectively. Rai argues that Izzat and Sharam are mechanisms that safeguard patriarchal customs such as arranged marriage which are familiar to us from our own backgrounds as two Asian women. It is our belief that Izzat is the highest “context marker” (Pearce & Cronen, 1980) for forced marriages.

We will illustrate the concept of Izzat through two case vignettes and explicate theoretical ideas, based on Izzat to include Borzemyi-Nagy’s ideas about belief systems.

The research of Ryan Brown (2016) University of Oklahoma on “honour cultures” in the USA draws some parallels in gendered discourses about power of men over women. He suggests that high levels of murder rates as well as reluctance to address mental health issues are present in “honour cultures.” These ideas resonate with the strong influence of Izzat upon South Asian family and community systems which we have met in our practice. The development of our practice was in response to issues arising from our clinical work in these communities (Robinson, 2016).

We will explore the continuum of marriage to include forced, arranged and consensual marriage within the context of Izzat and compare with black African and African-Caribbean families.

We will also consider issues of cultural competence and expertness and how this interplays with strongly held belief systems such as Izzat. We will end with some clinical implications and pointers for practice.

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The International Handbook of Black Community Mental Health
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-83909-965-6

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Article
Publication date: 1 March 2002

Mark Cordano, Robert F. Scherer and Crystal L. Owen

This paper examines attitudes toward women managers in Chile (n=194) and the USA (n=218) using the women as managers scale (WAMS) and a Spanish version of WAMS developed for this…

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Abstract

This paper examines attitudes toward women managers in Chile (n=194) and the USA (n=218) using the women as managers scale (WAMS) and a Spanish version of WAMS developed for this study. Across both cultures, two coherent measures were labeled “acceptance” and “ability”. No cultural differences in the acceptance of women as managers were discovered. The differences in acceptance were divided solely according to sex. There were differences in the perceived ability of women managers for both the sex and culture variables. The paper then compares the impact of the sex and culture variables. Results show that sex explained approximately three times more variance than culture. These findings can inform both the expatriate woman manager who is likely to encounter friction in interactions with males in many cultures and the human resource manager interested in improving the success of women managers working overseas.

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Women in Management Review, vol. 17 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0964-9425

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Article
Publication date: 19 September 2016

Sadiq Bhanbhro, Anna Cronin de Chavez and Adelaide Lusambili

“Honour”-based violence (HBV), a form of gender-based violence (GBV), has received increasing interest from media, human rights organisations, academics and the public. A…

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Abstract

Purpose

“Honour”-based violence (HBV), a form of gender-based violence (GBV), has received increasing interest from media, human rights organisations, academics and the public. A significant increase in the occurrence and reporting of HBV in many parts of the world and its detrimental impact on the health and well-being of women, girls, communities and wider society; marks it as a major public health concern. However, awareness and recognition of HBV in the field of public health is low in many countries and there is little known about its nature, roots and distribution. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach

The literature was searched using the Scopus database and a series of search terms related to HBV, GBV and health and well-being.

Findings

Definition of HBV and its forms is varied across cultures. There is a lack of consensus on how HBV can be identified over other forms of violence and no explicit theoretical perspectives have been sufficiently developed to deepen the understanding of HBV. Although the findings from the review suggest that HBV forms and patterns may be regionally distinct, causes emanate from gender-based and socio-economic inequalities.

Research limitations/implications

This review has limitations in that it included only English and Spanish language papers and those accessed through Scopus; it therefore may have excluded papers from other languages, countries and databases. Another major weakness in this review was a lack of papers specifically dedicated to HBV. Despite these weaknesses the paper is an attempt to raise awareness and recognition of HBV in public health research, policy and practice domain.

Originality/value

The findings from the review highlight the complexity of tackling HBV in a globalised world. They also provide insights on how a public health model can be used to analyse both the causes and prevention of HBV. Further, a non-culturalised, unprejudiced and inclusive definition is required to flag-up and record HBV cases.

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International Journal of Human Rights in Healthcare, vol. 9 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2056-4902

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Book part
Publication date: 26 November 2021

James Macpherson

Outdoor arts festivals have been proposed as a means of rehearsing democratic practices and of placemaking interventions in the space time of contemporary capitalism. I consider…

Abstract

Outdoor arts festivals have been proposed as a means of rehearsing democratic practices and of placemaking interventions in the space time of contemporary capitalism. I consider whether they are really able to repurpose civic and pseudo public space and challenge the production and reproduction of that space as a colonial and neoliberal territory, or are they merely examples of the ‘pseudo-fête’ prolonging such structures by other means?

This chapter uses case studies of two outdoor arts festivals in the United Kingdom, at which I have performed rhythmanalyses, to explore festivalised spaces and the extent to which they might empower people. Empowerment here relates not only to individual agency, autonomy and self-determination but also to the development of shared, social identity within crowds. The role of festival management, the arrangement of festival space/times and the codification of behaviour are of particular relevance to these effects. I use time-lapse videography to capture data around flows and accretions of audiences, combined with my embodied presence in the lived space of the festival, sensing its rhythms and atmospheres.

Using the concept of polyrhythmia to comprehend and unpick complex durational patterns, I focus on how public spaces are transformed when animated by performances and how public space can redefine both performance and audience dynamics. The adaptation and application of rhythmanalysis in this project has revealed patterns of behaviour and evidenced characteristic qualities of outdoor arts which were previously ignored or only assumed.

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Rhythmanalysis
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-83909-973-1

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Article
Publication date: 21 November 2024

Suyasha Singh Isser, Nihal Raj, Mayank Tomar, Sanjana Sharma Marwaha and Swati Shastri

The research examines how the principle of Dharma can be included in the Indian National Education Policy (NEP) 2020. The study seeks to know how Dharma as an educational…

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Abstract

Purpose

The research examines how the principle of Dharma can be included in the Indian National Education Policy (NEP) 2020. The study seeks to know how Dharma as an educational framework can be infused with contemporary education to promote moral and ethical development as well as intellectual growth among students in India.

Design/methodology/approach

This research uses qualitative analysis of NEP 2020 documents and literature related to Indian Knowledge Systems (IKS) and the concept of Dharma. It analyses the philosophical bases behind NEP including traditional texts like Vedas, Upanishads, among others. Moreover, this study also evaluates how current Dharma teachings are implemented into curriculum by assessing its present status of incorporation as a part of Indian Knowledge System.

Findings

This research has found that national educational reforms have considered many traditional Indian beliefs and values, but they have not done enough when it comes to incorporating Indian Knowledge System and the concept of Dharma into practice through the curriculum. The paper advocates for a system that is grounded on morals, thus blending the current learning standards with cultural heritage. These findings call for continuous endeavouring in order to embed ethical and moral dimensions of Dharma across all levels within India’s education systems.

Practical implications

The integration of Dharma and IKS in education can enhance the development of well-rounded individuals who are not only intellectually competent but also ethically and morally grounded. This strong foundation of Dharma will also act as a personal and professional guide. Educators and policymakers can use these insights to design curricula that promote holistic growth, aligning with both global educational standards and cultural values.

Originality/value

This paper examines the philosophical and ethical foundation of NEP 2020 instead of only considering its pedagogical and skill-enhancement characteristics, thereby giving a fresh viewpoint. It contributes to the discussion on educational reforms in India by highlighting how present educational needs should be linked with traditional values. The research shows that the concept of dharma can help learners develop holistically so that they can meet present-day problems without losing touch with timeless morals.

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