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This study aims to investigate the effect of differentiated empowering leadership on employees’ depression. Using the behavioral theory of depression, this study further explores the simultaneous moderation of gender and employees’ envy on the relationship between such leadership and employees’ depression.

Data were collected using two surveys conducted with a time lag of one week. In Time 1, data on differentiated empowering leadership and employees’ envy were collected. After a week, data on employees’ depression were collected. Model testing was conducted using data on a sample of 420 employees from 87 departments in 27 service sector organizations in Pakistan. Hypotheses were tested using the structural equation modeling technique in Mplus.

Results indicate that perceived differentiated empowering leadership positively affects employees’ depression. In addition, this positive effect is further moderated by employees’ envy and gender simultaneously, such that this effect is weakest among the male individuals who feel low envy, whereas, for highly envious females, this effect is strongest.

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to examine the effect of differentiated empowering leadership on employees’ depression along with the moderation of employees’ envy and gender. Furthermore, this study provides some policy implications based on its findings to decrease employees’ depression.

Unlike the previous studies that examined the direct relationship between media attention on entrepreneurship (MAE) and entrepreneurship participation, this paper aims to examine the mediated link through entrepreneurial intention.

The cognitive theory of media provides the foundation for predictions that primary outcome of MAE is the entrepreneurial intention which in turn affects the different types of entrepreneurship participation (early-stage startup activities, new product development [NPD] activities and informal investment activities). The test of the hypothesized model relies on panel data for 2010–2015 on 40 developing and developed countries taken from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor report of 2015.

MAE has an indirect effect on two types of entrepreneurship participation (early-stage startup activities and informal investment activities) via entrepreneurial intention, whereas there is no direct or indirect effect of MAE on NPD activities. The findings also suggest when the entrepreneurial intention is added as a mediator in the model; the direct effect of MAE on early-stage entrepreneurial activities becomes insignificant.

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study in its nature which established the relationship between MAE and entrepreneurial intention. In addition, this study also explained the mediation mechanism between the relationship of MAE and entrepreneurship participation by using the panel data.

The rapid spread of COVID-19 has dramatic effects on financial market across the globe. This study analyzes the relationship between the COVID-19 cases, age and stock market indexes in Central America, North America, and South America.

The panel regression analysis on three regions from March 10, 2020 to April 9, 2020 was conducted to test the hypothesized model. The authors used Levin et al.’s (2002) panel data unit root test to check the stationarity, and Hausman (1978) test was applied to determine the random and fixed effects.

The authors’ panel regression results indicate that the COVID-19 cases have a negative impact on stock indexes, whereas the age has a positive impact on the stock indexes. The region-wise analysis supports the panel finding except for South America, which shows an insignificant association between stock indexes and COVID-19 cases.

The study supplements the literature by examining the impact of pandemics on stock indexes and focus on three multicultural regions, comprising developed, developing and emerging countries, which are hitherto unaddressed.

Background: Both social work activities and social initiatives, innovative solutions today it has to support the development and change of the society by producing. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of social entrepreneurship on firm performance of Turkey small and medium enterprises (SMEs) located in the Chinese ethnic community. In addition, the authors also examined the moderator role of social embeddedness in the relationship between social entrepreneurship and the Chinese ethnic community of Turkey SMEs on firm performance.

Because it is seen that the decomposition validity is achieved between the dimensions for HTMT values, the current study, using the survey-based methodology, used structural equation modeling to achieve the research objectives. Ques-tionnaires were issued among 628 participants in selected international companies in Turkey and China. To mitigate any uncertainty and errors, the questionnaires were distributed face-to-face by hand (in Turkey), online (in China). A total of 274 questionnaires were used for the analysis which makes up to the 53.6% of the response rate. The findings of this study show that social entrepreneurial behavior influences organizational performance with a significant mediation between family ties and social networks and a strong moderation in entrepreneurial leadership. The findings of the present study largely agreed with the results of the hypothesis. The results of this study will give an idea about how social entrepreneurial behavior and entrepreneurial leadership can affect organizational performance and how social embeddedness affects this relationship.

Outcomes will be important to SME leaders as they seek to link results, practices and results. SME leaders will better understand the role of social entrepreneurial behaviour and entrepreneurial leadership in corporate performance. This will apply in business practice and leadership in striving to improve the level of performance.

In this study, Turkey and China are limited to 274 participants in international companies. Because the findings of this study are limited to the sample it represents, there is no generalization of these results for all countries. However, given that the number of studies on this subject is very inadequate, this research is important in terms of shedding light on the work to be carried out next.

This empirical research confirms the impact of social entrepreneurial behavior on organizational performance. Social entrepreneurial behavior integrates organizational performance, family ties, social networking and entrepreneurial leadership and empirically tests the relationship between them. Trade relations will ensure the interlocking of the countries involved in the research, and thus, improve the relations of the countries.

The main aim of this study is to investigate the impact of social entrepreneurship on firm performance of Turkey SMEs located in the Chinese ethnic community. Trade relations will ensure the interlocking of the countries involved in the research and thus improve the relations of the countries. The authors believe that social entrepreneurial behaviour will close the gap in important mediation and entrepreneurial leadership between family ties and social networks and positively impact organisational performance. At the same time, as social capital is required for social work and social service is currently dealing with social capital at micro (bonding), mezzo (bridging) and macro (binding) levels, the authors recommend that studies be carried out that will contribute to the theoretical, research or application literature for the variables involved in the study.