R.V. Nambiar, K.H. Lee and D. Nagarajan
The purpose of this work is to extend the life of plastic injection molds made by stereolithography through the use of gas‐assist technology.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this work is to extend the life of plastic injection molds made by stereolithography through the use of gas‐assist technology.
Design/methodology/approach
Polypropylene parts were made by injection molding in stereolithography molds with and without gas‐assist technology. The mold life was evaluated by observing the number of parts produced before the breakage of each of small core pins and the ejection force was measured.
Findings
When using gas‐assisted injection molding (GAIM), the core pin life was approximately doubled, the average cavity pressure and the average mold temperature were reduced, and there was a three‐fold increase in ejection force. Also, the core pin location had a very dramatic effect on the life.
Research limitations/implications
This study suggests research into understanding the relationship between ejection force and mold failure, testing the mechanical properties of the parts and identifying reliable design rules for parts produced by GAIM. Research into other low pressure injection techniques and the viability of using a wider set of polymer materials also appears promising.
Practical implications
The result of this research encourages molders who have abandoned the use of stereolithography tools after a few unsuccessful attempts to consider using GAIM with stereolithography molds.
Originality/value
This is a novel use of GAIM technology to extend the lives of molds fabricated by stereolithography.
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Rassel Kassem, Mian Ajmal, Angappa Gunasekaran and Petri Helo
The purpose of this paper is to discover the impact of different dimensions of organizational culture (mission culture, adaptability culture, involvement culture and consistency…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to discover the impact of different dimensions of organizational culture (mission culture, adaptability culture, involvement culture and consistency culture) on business excellence results criteria (customer results, people results, society results and business results) in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and explore the moderating role of information and communication technology (ICT) use in both service and manufacturing industries.
Design/methodology/approach
Data were collected by questionnaire from 448 managers in nine companies that have won the Sheikh Khalifa Excellence Award in the last three years. Structural equation modeling was used to examine the data.
Findings
Organizational culture is significantly related to business excellence. However, these effects varied for different business excellence criteria. Three organizational culture types had a significant positive role in achieving excellent customer-related results. All four types of organizational culture had a positive role in achieving excellent people-related results. Only two culture types had significant role in achieving excellent society-related results. Business results were positively related to a balance between the four types of organizational culture. ICT use moderated the relationship between organizational culture and results related to customers, people and business, but not society.
Research limitations/implications
This study had some conceptual limitations. In particular, it considered the organizational culture as four types in the research model, but without structuring the indices under each type. It also had some methodological limitations. It was cross-sectional and used a self-administered questionnaire, which means that no causal relationships can be implied, and there may have been some bias in responding.
Originality/value
This is one of the first studies that investigate the relationship between organizational culture and business excellence in UAE excellence award-winning companies.
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Gives a bibliographical review of the error estimates and adaptive finite element methods from the theoretical as well as the application point of view. The bibliography at the…
Abstract
Gives a bibliographical review of the error estimates and adaptive finite element methods from the theoretical as well as the application point of view. The bibliography at the end contains 2,177 references to papers, conference proceedings and theses/dissertations dealing with the subjects that were published in 1990‐2000.
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J.K. Wilson and B.H.V. Topping
A new h‐refinement adaptive tetrahedral mesh generation algorithm is presented. Three‐dimensional domains, to be analysed by the finite element method, are initially modelled by a…
Abstract
A new h‐refinement adaptive tetrahedral mesh generation algorithm is presented. Three‐dimensional domains, to be analysed by the finite element method, are initially modelled by a coarse background mesh of tetrahedral elements. This mesh forms the input for finite element analysis and error estimation by the Zienkiewicz‐Zhu simple error estimator. Adaptive mesh refinement proceeds by selecting an element for remeshing whose longest edge is shared by elements that also require refinement. This group of elements is refined by inserting a new node at the mid‐point of the shared edge thereby bisecting all elements within the group. Adaptive parameters are calculated for the new node and elements. Refinement then proceeds until no further group of elements can be found for refinement or no elements within the current mesh require further refinement. The shape quality of the current mesh is then enhanced by the iterative application of nodal relaxation plus three topological transformations. The entire refinement process is repeated iteratively until the required degree of mesh refinement is reached. Ten‐noded linear strain tetrahedral finite element meshes have been used for the finite element and error estimation analyses. Four examples of adaptive tetrahedral mesh generation for linear elastic stress/displacement analysis are presented which show that this algorithm is robust and efficient in terms of reduction of the domain error with a minimum number of degrees of freedom being generated, number of iterations, and therefore finite element analyses, required and computational time for refinement when compared to the advancing front method and Delaunay triangulation.
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Patricia Ahmed, Rebecca Jean Emigh and Dylan Riley
A “state-driven” approach suggests that colonists use census categories to rule. However, a “society-driven” approach suggests that this state-driven perspective confers too much…
Abstract
A “state-driven” approach suggests that colonists use census categories to rule. However, a “society-driven” approach suggests that this state-driven perspective confers too much power upon states. A third approach views census-taking and official categorization as a product of state–society interaction that depends upon: (a) the population's lay categories, (b) information intellectuals' ability to take up and transform these lay categories, and (c) the balance of power between social and state actors. We evaluate the above positions by analyzing official records, key texts, travelogues, and statistical memoirs from three key periods in India: Indus Valley civilization through classical Gupta rule (ca. 3300 BCE–700 CE), the “medieval” period (ca. 700–1700 CE), and East India Company (EIC) rule (1757–1857 CE), using historical narrative. We show that information gathering early in the first period was society driven; however, over time, a strong interactive pattern emerged. Scribes (information intellectuals) increased their social status and power (thus, shifting the balance of power) by drawing on caste categories (lay categories) and incorporating them into official information gathering. This intensification of interactive information gathering allowed the Mughals, the EIC, and finally British direct rule officials to collect large quantities of information. Our evidence thus suggests that the intensification of state–society interactions over time laid the groundwork for the success of the direct rule British censuses. It also suggests that any transformative effect of these censuses lay in this interactive pattern, not in the strength of the British colonial state.
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Grace Adhiambo Were, Kevin Odhiambo Okelo and Rosemary Akech Obat
Online, distance, and eLearning (ODeL) continue to gain recognition as a mandatory component of delivery of education in institutions of higher learning (IHL) around the world…
Abstract
Online, distance, and eLearning (ODeL) continue to gain recognition as a mandatory component of delivery of education in institutions of higher learning (IHL) around the world following the outbreak of coronavirus disease (COVID-19). This paradigm shift is informed by the need to ensure uninterrupted, valuable, and safe learning experiences for learners during the pandemic. However, governments ordered the closure of schools and colleges following the declaration of COVID-19 as a world pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO). A report by United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization revealed that there was a significant loss of schooling time following the closure of educational facilities which affected over 1.5 billion learners in 194 nations globally. This study explored the use of online approaches to intensify online learning efficacy in IHL. Data collection was conducted using qualitative methods and data analysis done using themes and sub-themes. Findings from this study indicate that students’ engagements on discussion forums are consistent with collaborative learning. Results further support the view that regular, prompt, and meaningful feedback is critical in promoting constructive learning and reflection among students. Based on the findings of this study, practical implications are discussed for stakeholders interested in establishing and strengthening effective delivery of online learning content to enhance students’ learning experiences.
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Since their creation through the Industrial Training Act 1964 to hear appeals against levies, the jurisdiction of industrial tribunals has grown considerably. One aspect of this…
Abstract
Since their creation through the Industrial Training Act 1964 to hear appeals against levies, the jurisdiction of industrial tribunals has grown considerably. One aspect of this jurisdiction, unfair dismissal, is examined here. Basic principles related to the law of unfair dismissal are examined. The practice and procedure of an industrial tribunal solely in connection with unfair dismissal cases are examined in greater detail. A case study is used to illustrate the important aspects of procedure. Appendices give relevant forms and extracts from the appropriate Code of Practice.
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Solomon Rajkumar, Renuka Nayar, Kavitha Rajagopal, Eaknath B. Chakurkar, Vismitha Shree Venkatesh, Prejit Nambiar and Venkatesh Paramesh
The purpose of this paper is to assess food safety knowledge, choice behavior and health hazard concerns of ethnic Goan pork sausage consumers through various consumer food safety…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to assess food safety knowledge, choice behavior and health hazard concerns of ethnic Goan pork sausage consumers through various consumer food safety indices and also to evaluate socio-demographic influences on various consumer food safety indices.
Design/methodology/approach
Primary data in the form of 210 questionnaire responses were collected from Goan pork sausage consumers. Based on the responses, seven various consumer food safety indices were derived. The cumulative score of all the indices were normalized (0–1). The association between socio-demographic variables and consumer indices were evaluated using linear regression analysis, Pearson's correlation matrix, principal component analysis (PCA) and correspondence analysis (CA).
Findings
The results of the analysis indicate that the consumption of Goan pork sausages is most prevalent amongst younger people with high education having higher income. A majority of consumers have high score for the four consumer indices. The results of correlation analysis, regression analysis, PCA and CA revealed a significant association of consumer indices with socio-demographic variables.
Originality/value
The results of this study will provide a way forward for the evaluation of existing overall food safety concerns in the target population and in the future would be used for the promotion of good handling practices and health of Goan pork sausage consumers.
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Tawseef Ayoub Shaikh and Rashid Ali
Tremendous measure of data lakes with the exponential mounting rate is produced by the present healthcare sector. The information from differing sources like electronic wellbeing…
Abstract
Tremendous measure of data lakes with the exponential mounting rate is produced by the present healthcare sector. The information from differing sources like electronic wellbeing record, clinical information, streaming information from sensors, biomedical image data, biomedical signal information, lab data, and so on brand it substantial as well as mind-boggling as far as changing information positions, which have stressed the abilities of prevailing regular database frameworks in terms of scalability, storage of unstructured data, concurrency, and cost. Big data solutions step in the picture by harnessing these colossal, assorted, and multipart data indexes to accomplish progressively important and learned patterns. The reconciliation of multimodal information seeking after removing the relationship among the unstructured information types is a hotly debated issue these days. Big data energizes in triumphing the bits of knowledge from these immense expanses of information. Big data is a term which is required to take care of the issues of volume, velocity, and variety generally seated in the medicinal services data. This work plans to exhibit a survey of the writing of big data arrangements in the medicinal services part, the potential changes, challenges, and accessible stages and philosophies to execute enormous information investigation in the healthcare sector. The work categories the big healthcare data (BHD) applications in five broad categories, followed by a prolific review of each sphere, and also offers some practical available real-life applications of BHD solutions.
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Jing-Kui Zhang, Miao Cui, Ben-Wen Li and Ya-Song Sun
The purpose of this paper is to develop a combined method for three-dimensional incompressible flow and heat transfer by the spectral collocation method (SCM) and the artificial…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to develop a combined method for three-dimensional incompressible flow and heat transfer by the spectral collocation method (SCM) and the artificial compressibility method (ACM), and further to study the performance of the combined method SCM-ACM for three-dimensional incompressible flow and heat transfer.
Design/methodology/approach
The partial differentials in space are discretized by the SCM with Chebyshev polynomial and Chebyshev–Gauss–Lobbatto collocation points. The unsteady artificial compressibility equations are solved to obtain the steady results by the ACM. Three-dimensional exact solutions with trigonometric function form and exponential function form are constructed to test the accuracy of the combined method.
Findings
The SCM-ACM is developed successfully for three-dimensional incompressible flow and heat transfer with high accuracy that the minimum value of variance can reach. The accuracy increases exponentially along with time marching steps. The accuracy is also improved exponentially with the increasing of nodes before stable accuracy is achieved, while it keeps stably with the increasing of the time step. The central processing unit time increases exponentially with the increasing of nodes and decreasing of the time step.
Research limitations/implications
It is difficult for the implementation of the implicit scheme by the developed SCM-ACM. The SCM-ACM can be used for solving unsteady impressible fluid flow and heat transfer.
Practical implications
The SCM-ACM is applied for two classic cases of lid-driven cavity flow and natural convection in cubic cavities. The present results show good agreement with the published results with much fewer nodes.
Originality/value
The combined method SCM-ACM is developed, firstly, for solving three-dimensional incompressible fluid flow and heat transfer by the SCM and ACM. The performance of SCM-ACM is investigated. This combined method provides a new choice for solving three-dimensional fluid flow and heat transfer with high accuracy.