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Article
Publication date: 1 February 1986

R.T. Bilson, R.W. Allen, J.P. McCarthy and A.J. Stanley

Successive over‐relaxation methods have been applied to solutions of Poisson's equation for temperature distribution analysis of a number of metal reinforced and metal cored thick…

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Abstract

Successive over‐relaxation methods have been applied to solutions of Poisson's equation for temperature distribution analysis of a number of metal reinforced and metal cored thick film substrate models. These include aluminium and copper clad invar reinforced alumina as well as dielectric coated steel and titanium substrates. The results of the computer analyses have been compared in some instances with actual measurements of temperature distributions in real structures. Some detailed inconsistencies have been found but good correlation has been shown in terms of ranked effectiveness.

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Microelectronics International, vol. 3 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1356-5362

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Article
Publication date: 1 March 1986

J.T. Lynch

A review is given of the reliability of the ceramic chip carrier when solder‐attached to alumina thick film substrates. It is shown that no degradation occurs during humidity…

28

Abstract

A review is given of the reliability of the ceramic chip carrier when solder‐attached to alumina thick film substrates. It is shown that no degradation occurs during humidity cycling or humidity steady state tests. Some diminution of the solder joint strength takes place during prolonged high temperature storage and temperature cycling but the effect is much more marked during power cycling. The effect of flux residues on thick film hybrids after solder reflow of surface mount components is assessed. No significant deterioration of any component, printed or discrete, that is attributable to flux is observed, given adequate cleaning techniques. The reliability of the ceramic leadless chip carrier is compared with both leaded ceramic and metal and plastic surface‐mountable components. The compliant leads of packages offer some advantages over the leadless chip carrier where thermal excursions are important but the leads themselves are easily damaged. Plastic packaging for surface‐mountable components continues to improve and become increasingly popular but potential reliability hazards associated with a thermal management performance inferior to that of ceramic and metal versions, moisture ingress and corrosion are seen to remain problem areas.

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Microelectronics International, vol. 3 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1356-5362

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Article
Publication date: 1 April 1985

Marc Monneraye, Panizza, Brian Waterfield, John Knowles and P.L. Bainbridge

A month or so after the Stresa meeting, the French ISHM chapter, organising a session on ‘Gallic inks’ (!), summoned me to deliver some comments on the 5th European Hybrid…

16

Abstract

A month or so after the Stresa meeting, the French ISHM chapter, organising a session on ‘Gallic inks’ (!), summoned me to deliver some comments on the 5th European Hybrid Microelectronics Conference. Although it was only a matter of interlude during this technical session, I felt the task quite a difficult one. It became a hazardous project when Brian C. Waterfield kindly asked me to let what is in fact a personal opinion—my personal opinion, standing back from my daily work—appear in Hybrid Circuits. I'll do my best.

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Microelectronics International, vol. 2 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1356-5362

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Article
Publication date: 1 March 1986

M. Weinhold

This paper describes how PCB designers must adjust their approach to take into account the new requirements for the production of high technology printed circuit boards using the…

53

Abstract

This paper describes how PCB designers must adjust their approach to take into account the new requirements for the production of high technology printed circuit boards using the latest plated‐through hole and surface mounting techniques. It also describes how the correct use of dry film solder masks is contributing towards the achievement of zero‐defect soldering.

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Circuit World, vol. 12 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0305-6120

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Article
Publication date: 1 February 1984

Brian Waterfield, B. Herod and Peter Moran

The ISHM—Japan Chapter, comprising some 500 members, was represented at ISHM '84 by 60 members, 30 of whom attended as a group. Twelve papers were presented by Japanese delegates…

20

Abstract

The ISHM—Japan Chapter, comprising some 500 members, was represented at ISHM '84 by 60 members, 30 of whom attended as a group. Twelve papers were presented by Japanese delegates at the Conference held in the Loews Anatole Hotel from 17–19 October.

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Microelectronics International, vol. 2 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1356-5362

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Book part
Publication date: 24 October 2019

Don N. MacDonald and Hirofumi Nishi

This chapter develops a no-arbitrage, futures equilibrium cost-of-carry model to demonstrate that the existence of cointegration between spot and futures prices in the New York…

Abstract

This chapter develops a no-arbitrage, futures equilibrium cost-of-carry model to demonstrate that the existence of cointegration between spot and futures prices in the New York Mercantile Exchange (NYMEX) crude oil market depends crucially on the time-series properties of the underlying model. In marked contrast to previous studies, the futures equilibrium model utilizes information contained in both the quality delivery option and convenience yield as a timing delivery option in the NYMEX contract. Econometric tests of the speculative efficiency hypothesis (also termed the “unbiasedness hypothesis”) are developed and common tests of this hypothesis examined. The empirical results overwhelming support the hypotheses that the NYMEX future price is an unbiased predictor of future spot prices and that no-arbitrage opportunities are available. The results also demonstrate why common tests of the speculative efficiency hypothesis and simple arbitrage models often reject one or both of these hypotheses.

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Essays in Financial Economics
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78973-390-7

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Article
Publication date: 15 January 2018

Baah Aye Kusi, Agyapomaa Gyeke-Dako, Elikplimi Komla Agbloyor and Alexander Bilson Darku

The purpose of this paper is to explore the relationship between corporate governance structures and stakeholder and shareholder value maximization perspectives in 267 African…

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Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to explore the relationship between corporate governance structures and stakeholder and shareholder value maximization perspectives in 267 African banks from 2006 to 2011.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors used the Prais–Winsten ordinary least squares and random effect regression models to explore this relationship to ensure consistency and efficiency in results. The data for this study were collected from Bankscope.

Findings

The results of this study show that corporate governance structures such as CEO duality, nonexecutive members and extreme large board size lead to a reduction in both shareholder and stakeholder value maximization. However, audit independence and board size also promote both shareholder and stakeholder value maximization. Although gender diversity promotes profit maximization, it was not significant in any of the models estimated. The results further suggest that the same corporate governance structures promote and detract shareholder and stakeholder value maximization in Africa although the effect of corporate governance structures was weightier on shareholder value maximization confirming the agency theory.

Practical implications

From these findings, bank management must pursue the institution of good corporate governance structures and avoid weak corporate governance structures to promote shareholder and stakeholder value maximization. Also equity holders may have to pay particular attention to corporate governance structures because they benefit the most from the institution of good corporate governance structures.

Originality/value

This study explores and compares how corporate governance structures promote shareholder and stakeholder value maximization separately in African banks. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first of such studies.

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Corporate Governance: The International Journal of Business in Society, vol. 18 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1472-0701

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Book part
Publication date: 1 October 2014

Michael Donadelli

This chapter measures financial integration in 10 industries over 4 different periods. We use two robust measures of integration: (i) the Pukthuanthong and Roll (2009)’s…

Abstract

This chapter measures financial integration in 10 industries over 4 different periods. We use two robust measures of integration: (i) the Pukthuanthong and Roll (2009)’s multi-factor R-square and (ii) the Volosovych (2011)’s integration index. Both measures, based on PCA, indicate that the difference between the level of integration over the period 2009–2012 (“Post-Lehman” era) and the level of integration over the period 1994–1998 (“Post-Liberalizations” era) is relatively high. In addition, the level of financial integration across international equity markets decreased during the late 1990s. This suggests that de jure integration does not necessarily improve de facto integration. Overall, our findings give rise to a “diversification benefits-insurance benefits trade-off.”

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Risk Management Post Financial Crisis: A Period of Monetary Easing
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78441-027-8

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Article
Publication date: 1 February 1982

ABEL L. COSTA FERNANDES

The purpose of this paper is to review the literature on the determinants of the exchange‐rate by examining the flow theory approach, purchasing power parity theory, the monetary…

505

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to review the literature on the determinants of the exchange‐rate by examining the flow theory approach, purchasing power parity theory, the monetary approach and the assets market approach.

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Studies in Economics and Finance, vol. 6 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1086-7376

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Book part
Publication date: 1 March 2021

Choi-Meng Leong, Chin-Hong Puah, Venus Khim-Sen Liew and Matviychuk-Soskina Nadiya

The unstable money demand function over the recent decades may explain the unsatisfactory performance of the exchange rate model. Numerous studies have shown that Divisia money…

Abstract

The unstable money demand function over the recent decades may explain the unsatisfactory performance of the exchange rate model. Numerous studies have shown that Divisia money serves as a better variable for a stable money demand function. In this study, Divisia money is used as an alternative money supply in MYR/USD exchange rate determination. This study finds that Divisia money differential, real income differential, relative short-term interest rate and real stock prices affect the MYR/USD exchange rate in the long run. The major implication of this study is that policy-makers could monitor the MYR/USD exchange rate via the money supplies following the principle of Divisia monetary aggregate, which assigns higher weightage to more frequently traded monetary assets.

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Recent Developments in Asian Economics International Symposia in Economic Theory and Econometrics
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-83867-359-8

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