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November 6, 1973 Industrial Relations — Unfair dismissal — Complaint — Time limit — Notice of dismissal terminating employment immediately — Salary paid to end of month plus one month's salary in lieu of notice — Whether employment terminated immediately or at end of month — Whether practicable for complaint to be presented within four week period — Industrial Relations Act, 1971 (c.72), s. 23(5) — Industrial Tribunals (Industrial Relations, etc.) Regulations, 1972 (S.I.1972 No. 38), Sch., r. 2(1).

February 27, 1973 Redundancy — Calculation of payment — “Normal working hours” — Workmen employed under contract of employment incorporating national agreement — Normal working week 40 hours actual work — Condition of national agreement that “all workers shall” work overtime in accordance with demands of industry — Workmen regularly working at least 57 hours a week — Whether normal working hours for redundancy payment purposes including overtime where no obligation on employer to provide guaranteed overtime for fixed number of hours — Contracts of Employment Act 1963 (11 & 12 Eliz.II, c.49) Sch.2 para.l(l)(2).

An automated sheet‐metal manufacturing systems for low‐volume production utilises an industrial robot to move blanks from a store to a press brake.

The following classified, descriptive list of titles is intended to provide reference librarians with a current checklist of new reference books, and is designed to supplement the RSR review column, “Recent Reference Books,” by Frances Neel Cheney. “Reference Books in Print” includes all additional books received prior to the inclusion deadline established for this issue. Appearance in this column does not preclude a later review in RSR. Publishers are urged to send a copy of all new reference books directly to RSR as soon as published, for immediate listing in “Reference Books in Print.” The prevailing policy of including all reference books received has temporarily allowed the listing of titles with imprints older than two years; with increased receipt of more current titles from a longer list of publishers, this policy will soon be discontinued (with the exception of reprints or older books newly acquired for distribution by another publisher). The column shall also occasionally include library science or other library related publications of other than a reference character.

The study identifies 621 authors who contributed 1,423 periodical articles and monograph publications to the geographical literature on Nigeria between 1901 and 1970. Publications/author relationship shows a perfect Bradford distribution comprising fifty‐three core authors having each six publications or more and among them contributing 38 per cent of all items. The significance of these results for retrospective bibliographical searches and their methodological implications for documentation studies in general are suggested and briefly discussed.

The purpose of this paper is to present an automatic inspection method of colors and textures classification of paper and cloth objects.

In this system, the color image is transformed from RGB model to other suitable color model with one of the components being chosen as the gray‐level image for extracting textures. The gray‐level image is decomposed into four child images using wavelet transformation. Two child images capable of detecting variations along columns and rows are used to generate 0° and 90° co‐occurrence matrices, respectively. Some of the distinguishable texture features are derived from the two co‐occurrence matrixes. Finally, the test image is classified using neural networks. Nine color papers and eight color cloths are used to test the developed classification method.

The results show that recognition rate higher than 97.86 percent can be achieved if color and texture features are both used as the inputs to the networks.

The paper presents a new approach for testing materials. The multipurpose measurement application with unsophisticated and economical equipment can be confirmed in online inspection of papers and cloth manufacturing.

This paper gives a review of the finite element techniques (FE) applied in the area of material processing. The latest trends in metal forming, non‐metal forming, powder metallurgy and composite material processing are briefly discussed. The range of applications of finite elements on these subjects is extremely wide and cannot be presented in a single paper; therefore the aim of the paper is to give FE researchers/users only an encyclopaedic view of the different possibilities that exist today in the various fields mentioned above. An appendix included at the end of the paper presents a bibliography on finite element applications in material processing for 1994‐1996, where 1,370 references are listed. This bibliography is an updating of the paper written by Brannberg and Mackerle which has been published in Engineering Computations, Vol. 11 No. 5, 1994, pp. 413‐55.

Addresses the computational aspects involved in the numerical simulation of sheet stamping processes. Focuses on some numerical aspects of the intrinsic complexity of these problems, the first of which is the necessity to take into account properly membrane and bending effects. Presents a well‐adapted shell element. The second aspect concerns the description and the implementation of the initial orthotropic plastic behaviour for sheet metal parts, based on a formulation in a rotating frame using the initial microstructure rotation. The stress calculation algorithm is based on a particular implementation of the elastic predictor‐plastic corrector method. The last aspect concerns the solution procedures with a particular development concerning the treatment of the blankholder load as a constraint. A set of computational results validated with experiments prove the accuracy of the proposed approach in solving stamping problems.

THE Hastings Conference of the Library Association has come and gone, and the battle fought during the Annual General Meeting was in full keeping with the town's historical tradition. But whereas the defeat of Harold in 1066 led to a long era of stability in English history, the results of the A.G.M. vote last month will cause chaos and uncertainty in the immediate future of the Library Association. After protracted debate the Council's proposals for reorganisation went to the vote and gained a majority of very nearly 4 to 1. But just before the ballot it transpired that, at the request of the Privy Council, to which body the bye‐law alterations must be sent for approval, the votes of institutional delegates had to be counted separately from those of personal members. At the count, over 500 personal members voted for, with 35 against, but the institutional delegate vote was 135 for, with 141 against. So, for the present, all is uncertainty, and librarians everywhere will now await the Privy Council's decision with more than usual interest and impatience.

The purpose of this paper is to examine long‐term return of new China collectible stamps after their issuance and how stamp characteristics affect the return.

The authors construct a model to analyze the determinants of stamps' long‐term return and test their hypotheses empirically in a sample of 1,201 sets of Chinese collectible stamps issued between 1949 and 2008.

The paper finds Chinese stamps provide decent returns for collectors in terms of exceeding comparable one‐year savings rates. Among factors affecting annual excess returns of Chinese stamps, variables related to usage are the most important; quantity issued has significantly negative impact on returns of early stamps, but its coefficient has weak economic implications and it is not significant for BianNian stamps issued in more recent years. In general, variables related to topic have weak influence on stamp returns, but the topics about the most significant events of China in recent years have huge impact on stamp returns; in addition, variables related to design and printing can influence stamp returns to some extent.

Overall, the results reveal that variables related to usage are the most important determinants of long‐term stamp return.

There have been fierce disputes among stamp collectors about how stamp features affect returns. Nevertheless, no systematic empirical studies exist about the issue. This paper sheds light on the disputes by providing the first piece of empirical evidence.

Moreover, existing studies of stamps treat them as one asset, but often ignore different characteristics within the group. This paper systematically investigates the influence of stamp characteristics to stamp return, and thus fills the caveat in the literature.