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Article
Publication date: 1 January 1988

R.L. Williams, R.J. Hauch and A.W. Noblett

Materials with low thermal expansion rates are being used in printed wiring boards (PWBs) to obtain a thermal expansion factor compatible with that of surface mounted leadless…

40

Abstract

Materials with low thermal expansion rates are being used in printed wiring boards (PWBs) to obtain a thermal expansion factor compatible with that of surface mounted leadless ceramic chip carriers (LCCCs), thus improving solder joint survivability and reliability. Boeing Electronics Company (BECo) selected T300 graphite, a constraining core material, as its baseline in establishing methodology for predicting and then measuring coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE). Predicted results from the Interactive Composite Analysis Program (INCAP) were compared with CTE measurements derived from a relatively new strain gauge technique.

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Circuit World, vol. 14 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0305-6120

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Article
Publication date: 1 January 1989

R.L. Williams and A.W. Noblett

A computer program was used to predict the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of four printed wiring board (PWB) designs. Designs consisted of low CTE materials, E glass/epoxy…

42

Abstract

A computer program was used to predict the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of four printed wiring board (PWB) designs. Designs consisted of low CTE materials, E glass/epoxy and copper. Twenty PWBs were fabricated to duplicate four computer models. CTE was measured by a strain gauge technique developed at Boeing. The measured CTE was then compared with the predicted CTE value and a design curve developed. Following CTE verification, the PWBs were assembled with 20, 44, 68, and 84 I/O leadless ceramic chip carriers. The printed wiring assemblies were then thermal shocked from −55 to 125°C and continuously monitored to detect the first solder failure for each I/O chip carrier. The results illustrate the dependence of solder joint life on PWB CTE and verify the use of a computer model to design surface mount PWBs.

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Circuit World, vol. 15 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0305-6120

Available. Open Access. Open Access
Article
Publication date: 5 February 2024

Ariadna H. Ochnio

Recent developments in the EU’s anti-corruption strategy have brought the EU closer to meeting the UNCAC’s objectives, i.e. the Proposal for a Directive on combating corruption…

1275

Abstract

Purpose

Recent developments in the EU’s anti-corruption strategy have brought the EU closer to meeting the UNCAC’s objectives, i.e. the Proposal for a Directive on combating corruption (2023) and the Proposal for a Directive on Asset Recovery and Confiscation (2022). This paper aims to discuss these developments from the perspective of the UNCAC, to identify missing elements in the EU’s asset recovery mechanisms.

Design/methodology/approach

Critical approach towards EU anti-corruption policy (discussing the problems and solutions). Review of EU developments in asset recovery law.

Findings

There is a political will on the part of the EU to fight corruption through the rules enshrined in the UNCAC. However, improving EU law by introducing a new type of confiscation of unexplained wealth and criminalising illicit enrichment, without establishing convergent rules for the return of corrupt assets from EU territory to the countries of origin, cannot be seen as sufficient action to achieve the UNCAC’s objectives. In modelling mechanisms of the return of assets, the EU should search for solutions to overcome the difficulties resulting from the ordre public clause remaining a significant factor conditioning mutual legal assistance.

Originality/value

This paper discusses the possible input of the EU, as a non-State Party to the UNCAC, to advance implementing the UNCAC solutions on asset recovery by establishing convergent rules for the return of corrupt assets from EU territory to countries of origin.

Details

Journal of Money Laundering Control, vol. 27 no. 7
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1368-5201

Keywords

Available. Content available
Book part
Publication date: 19 December 2016

Radha R. Sharma and Sir Cary Cooper

Free Access. Free Access

Abstract

Details

Executive Burnout
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78635-285-9

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Article
Publication date: 1 December 2020

Konrad W. Eichhorn Colombo, Peter Schütz and Vladislav V. Kharton

A reliability analysis of a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) system is presented for applications with strict constant power supply requirements, such as data centers. The purpose is…

308

Abstract

Purpose

A reliability analysis of a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) system is presented for applications with strict constant power supply requirements, such as data centers. The purpose is to demonstrate the effect when moving from a module-level to a system-level in terms of reliability, also considering effects during start-up and degradation.

Design/methodology/approach

In-house experimental data on a system-level are used to capture the behavior during start-up and normal operation, including drifts of the operation point due to degradation. The system is assumed to allow replacement of stacks during operation, but a minimum number of stacks in operation is needed to avoid complete shutdown. Experimental data are used in conjunction with a physics-based performance model to construct the failure probability function. A dynamic program then solves the optimization problem in terms of time and replacement requirements to minimize the total negative deviation from a given target reliability.

Findings

Results show that multi-stack SOFC systems face challenges which are only revealed on a system- and not on a module-level. The main finding is that the reliability of multi-stack SOFC systems is not sufficient to serve as sole power source for critical applications such as data center.

Practical implications

The principal methodology may be applicable to other modular systems which include multiple critical components (of the same kind). These systems comprise other electrochemical systems such as further fuel cell types.

Originality/value

The novelty of this work is the combination of mathematical modeling to solve a real-world problem, rather than assuming idealized input which lead to more benign system conditions. Furthermore, the necessity to use a mathematical model, which captures sufficient physics of the SOFC system as well as stochasticity elements of its environment, is of critical importance. Some simplifications are, however, necessary because the use of a detailed model directly in the dynamic program would have led to a combinatorial explosion of the numerical solution space.

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Article
Publication date: 1 November 1998

Barbara Haas

Poses the question: what are the consequences of employing a household help on the domestic division of labour? Researches this question by talking to ten couples who employ…

168

Abstract

Poses the question: what are the consequences of employing a household help on the domestic division of labour? Researches this question by talking to ten couples who employ cleaners. Reports that employing some sort of domestic help has enabled middle‐class women to enter employment in greater numbers than ever before and that it is simply too costly to a family’s economy to have an educated female potential wage‐earner concentrating on unpaid domestic tasks. Refers to a “stalled revolution“, whereby men (theoretically) are carrying out a greater share of domestic tasks but (in actuality) women do not report any great difference. Notes also, that it is increasingly difficult to rely on assistance from relatives. Puts forward reasons for and against the employment of domestic help, as well as four perspectives – the individual perspective, the gender perspective, the general structure of society, and the labour market, and social policy – relating to the consequences of employing a cleaner. Explores “partner‐typology”, determined on a continuum stretching from traditional role‐held beliefs to symmetrical roles for men and women. Concludes that employing domestic help leads to a more equal relationship between the employing couple, that housework is perceived as an increasingly unattractive option, and that new inequalities creep into the gender relationship as it is usually women who perform low‐paid domestic work.

Details

Equal Opportunities International, vol. 17 no. 7
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0261-0159

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Article
Publication date: 12 February 2024

Juan Camilo Carvajal Builes, Idaly Barreto and Carolina Gutiérrez de Piñeres

This study aims to describe and analyze the differences in the linguistic styles of honest and dishonest stories.

58

Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to describe and analyze the differences in the linguistic styles of honest and dishonest stories.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper uses a descriptive study with a multivariate analysis of linguistic categories according to the story. The research analyzed 37 honest stories and 15 dishonest stories produced during actual legal proceedings through software Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC).

Findings

The authors find that individuals who engage in deception use a different number of words when they narrate facts. The results suggest a need for additional investigation of the linguistic style approach because of its high applicability and detection accuracy. This approach should be complemented by other types of verbal, nonverbal and psychophysiological deception detection techniques.

Research limitations/implications

Among the limitations, the authors consider length of the stories should be considered and scarce scientific literature in Spanish to compare with outcomes in English.

Practical implications

This research highlights the relevance to include linguistic style in real contexts to differentiate honest and dishonest stories due to objectivity and agility to implement.

Social implications

Understanding deception as a social behaviour and its psychological processes associated are elements that contribute to people and justice to comprehend it.

Originality/value

Analyzing real statements and discriminate differences in linguistic style, contribute to understand deeply this important behaviour to propose new methodologies and theories to explain it.

Details

The Journal of Forensic Practice, vol. 26 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2050-8794

Keywords

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Article
Publication date: 1 December 1999

Ranjita Misra and Sandra Aguillon

Considers the need for school aged children to develop their own health behaviours as often both parents have to work. Outlines the findings of a survey of 14 to 19 year olds in a…

423

Abstract

Considers the need for school aged children to develop their own health behaviours as often both parents have to work. Outlines the findings of a survey of 14 to 19 year olds in a small rural town in northeastern Missouri. Measures qualities such as self esteem and personal characteristics together with physical activity, health knowledge and diet, enabling the researchers to make observations regarding gender differences and influences on health behaviour. Suggests some implications for educators and parents.

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International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy, vol. 19 no. 12
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0144-333X

Keywords

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Article
Publication date: 14 December 2017

Saskia Ryan, Nicole Sherretts, Dominic Willmott, Dara Mojtahedi and Benjamin M. Baughman

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of response bias and target gender on detecting deception.

274

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of response bias and target gender on detecting deception.

Design/methodology/approach

Participants were randomly assigned to one of three experimental conditions: a stereotype condition (bogus training group), a tell-signs condition (empirically tested cues), and a control condition. Participants were required to decide whether eight targets were lying or telling the truth, based upon the information they had been given. Accuracy was measured via a correct or incorrect response to the stimuli. The data were then analyzed using a 2×2×3 mixed analysis of variance (ANOVA) to determine whether any main or interactional effects were present.

Findings

Results revealed training condition had no significant effect on accuracy, nor was there a within-subject effect of gender. However, there was a significant main effect of accuracy in detecting truth or lies, and a significant interaction between target gender and detecting truth or lies.

Research limitations/implications

Future research should seek a larger sample of participants with a more extensive training aspect developed into the study, as the brief training offered here may not be fully reflective of the extent and intensity of training which could be offered to professionals.

Originality/value

Within the criminal justice system, the need for increased accuracy in detecting deception is of critical importance; not only to detect whether a guilty individual is being deceitful, but also whether someone is making a false confession, both to improve community safety by detaining the correct perpetrator for the crime but also to maintain public trust in the justice system. The present research provides a fresh insight into the importance of training effects in detecting deception.

Details

Safer Communities, vol. 17 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1757-8043

Keywords

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Article
Publication date: 29 April 2021

Wei Wang, Yuting Xu, Yenchun Jim Wu and Mark Goh

Information distortion affects the perception of quality, which, in turn, influences investment decisions and determines the pledge results of fundraising. This study combines…

744

Abstract

Purpose

Information distortion affects the perception of quality, which, in turn, influences investment decisions and determines the pledge results of fundraising. This study combines signalling theory with persuasion theory to empirically study the effects of linguistic information distortion from fraudulent cues on a crowdfunding campaign's fundraising outcomes using text analytics, with implications for entrepreneurs, platforms and investors.

Design/methodology/approach

This study empirically analyzes 328,974 crowdfunding projects from the Kickstarter platform. Information distortion is detected using four indicators, based on text mining analytics. An econometric model is built to estimate the impact of information distortion, while the predictive power of the information distortion is detected through machine learning.

Findings

The results inform that distortion in the blurb, detailed description and reward statement dampen a campaign's success, but embellishing the entrepreneur's biography enhances the success of financing. Furthermore, information distortion exhibits a significant inverted U-shaped influence. The effect of the interaction terms suggests that campaigns with high pledge goals are more sensitive to information distortion, and that native-speaking entrepreneurs are adept at applying linguistic skills to promote the campaign.

Originality/value

This study provides a linguistic method to detect the influence of information distortion on crowdfunding campaigns. Further, the study offers some practical suggestions for entrepreneurs on how to generate attractive narratives, and contributes to the investor's decision-making and informs the platform's promotion strategy.

Details

Management Decision, vol. 60 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0025-1747

Keywords

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