C. Nurizzo, R. Marforio and P. Butelli
Herbicides are groundwater pollutants found where intensiveagricultural practices are performed. This is the case in NorthernItaly: atrazine, symazine, bentazone, molinate, and…
Abstract
Herbicides are groundwater pollutants found where intensive agricultural practices are performed. This is the case in Northern Italy: atrazine, symazine, bentazone, molinate, and others were found in many aquifers over the last five years. Presents the first results of a series of pilot plant tests using low ozone doses (prior to GAC adsorption) to reduce oxidation by‐products formation. Tests were carried out utilizing a transportable emergency plant used by the Civil Protection Agency, based on ozone oxidation and GAC adsorption. Herbicides influent concentrations were up to 1.8 μg/l and ozone doses between 0.4 and 1.7 mg/l. Tested molecules displayed different behaviour but, with the exception of bentazone, contact time seemed to be the basic parameter for the removal of these compounds, some of which appeared to be quite resistant to ozone oxidation at these concentrations.
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The following list is a first attempt to catalogue and describe systematically the British Museum's extensive holdings of early opera librettos and related plays. The great…
Abstract
The following list is a first attempt to catalogue and describe systematically the British Museum's extensive holdings of early opera librettos and related plays. The great importance of these unpretentious booklets as supplementary and, more often than not, even primary sources for the history and bibliography of dramatic music, besides or instead of the scores, was already clearly recognized in the eighteenth century by Dr. Burney and other scholars. But it is only since 1914, the year in which O. G. T. Sonneck's Library of Congress Catalogue of opera librettos printed before 1800 appeared, that their documentary value could to any greater extent be put to general use in international musicological research. A similar bibliography of the British Museum librettos, while naturally duplicating many Washington entries, would produce a great number of additional tides, not a few of them otherwise unrecorded; it would provide the musical scholar with the key to a collection unequalled elsewhere in Europe, which owing to the peculiar nature of the material is not easily accessible by means of the General Catalogue.
Markus Lennartsson, Joakim Kävrestad and Marcus Nohlberg
For decades, literature has reported on the perceived conflict between usability and security. This mutual trade-off needs to be considered and addressed whenever security…
Abstract
Purpose
For decades, literature has reported on the perceived conflict between usability and security. This mutual trade-off needs to be considered and addressed whenever security products are developed. Achieving well-balanced levels of both is a precondition for sufficient security as users tend to reject unusable solutions. To assess it correctly, usability should be evaluated in the context of security. This paper aims to identify and describe universally applicable and solution-independent factors that affect the perceived usability of security mechanisms.
Design/methodology/approach
The selected methodology was a systematic literature review during which multiple database resources were queried. Application of predefined selection criteria led to the creation of a bibliography before backward snowballing was applied to minimize the risk of missing material of importance. All 70 included publications were then analyzed through thematic analysis.
Findings
The study resulted in the identification of 14 themes and 30 associated subthemes representing aspects with reported influence on perceived usability in the context of security. While some of them were only mentioned sparsely, the most prominent and thus presumably most significant ones were: simplicity, information and support, task completion time, error rates and error management.
Originality/value
The identified novel themes can increase knowledge about factors that influence usability. This can be useful for different groups: end users may be empowered to choose appropriate solutions more consciously, developers may be able to avoid common usability pitfalls when designing new products and system administrators may benefit from a better understanding of how to configure solutions and how to educate users efficiently.