The Method of Characteristics for two‐dimensional supersonic flow is developed from an elementary physical approach. Since the report is intended for use by those on supersonic…
Abstract
The Method of Characteristics for two‐dimensional supersonic flow is developed from an elementary physical approach. Since the report is intended for use by those on supersonic research who have not advanced mathematical knowledge, the initial parts of the theory are given in greater detail than in many other treatments. In addition numerical examples are given to illustrate points more clearly. The relationship of the method to the Prandtl‐Meyer expansion of a supersonic stream round a convex corner is stressed and the theory of the expansion is developed from first priciples in the Appendix. The application of the method of characterisics to the design of supersonic nozzles is not fully discussed, but the constructional drawing of a typical nozzle is given, together with a photograph of characteristics obtained experimentally.
Rebecca Chunghee Kim and Yoshiki Shinohara
Capitalism is under siege (Porter & Kramer, 2011), and business schools are under fire (Amann et al., 2013). So, management and leadership education in higher education…
Abstract
Capitalism is under siege (Porter & Kramer, 2011), and business schools are under fire (Amann et al., 2013). So, management and leadership education in higher education institutions should be reinvented under the more challenging era of capitalism. How then can business schools cope with these challenges and contribute to global endeavor for making sustainable capitalism? In this context, there is thus reason for the following three core concerns that new understanding of management and leadership education is required. First, shortcomings of contemporary capitalism lead to failures of responsible management. Second, ethical failure of management leadership is a pressing issue. Third, academic responsibility under the new capitalism remains unexamined. Based on these three core concerns, we seek to generate inclusive insights into the educational embeddedness of management and leadership members and the consequences of such embeddedness on managerial processes, structures, and outcomes under contemporary capitalism.
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This chapter seeks to optimize HR shared services performance by highlighting the potential for service fragmentation that can arise out of in the so-called Ulrich (structure or…
Abstract
Purpose
This chapter seeks to optimize HR shared services performance by highlighting the potential for service fragmentation that can arise out of in the so-called Ulrich (structure or service delivery) model.
Design/methodology/approach
The evidence used in this chapter principally comes from the author’s own work, especially research for the UK’s Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development (CIPD), and draws upon academic literature where possible.
Findings
This chapter argues that HR directors should guard against three sets of fragmentation risks. Firstly, HR shared services should be properly connected to the rest of HR to offer customers an integrated service to avoid the structure’s division of labor inducing incoherence. Second, to guard against this risk, HR directors should exercise care in outsourcing/offshoring beyond individual, discrete services because contractually or spatially separating services risks exacerbating this tendency to fragmentation. Outsourcing/offshoring may focus too much on cost savings and insufficiently on quality. So, third, HR should argue for the distinctiveness of its activities and fight commoditization that is also implied in the creation of cross-functional shared service centers.
Research limitations/implications
The arguments in this chapter could be better supported by academic research. In-depth case studies of management decision making and shared services operation would help support or challenge the chapter’s conclusion, as could quantitative evidence on the benefits/disbenefits of outsourcing/offshoring/cross-functional shared services centers.
Practical implications
We have highlighted a number of reported problems with HR shared services operation, besides the three principal risks noted above, but we have suggested possible solutions that could be adopted by practitioners.
Originality/value
HR managers may find this chapter helpful in designing new HR structures or in assessing the effectiveness of shared services that goes beyond the typical key performance indicator measures.
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Sandra V. Sandy and Susan K. Boardman
The Peaceful Kids Early Childhood Social‐Emotional (ECSEL) Conflict Resolution Program and curriculum was created to fulfill the need for a developmentally appropriate…
Abstract
The Peaceful Kids Early Childhood Social‐Emotional (ECSEL) Conflict Resolution Program and curriculum was created to fulfill the need for a developmentally appropriate, theory‐based approach to promoting social‐emotional, cognitive, and conflict resolution skills' development in preschoolers (ages 2 to 6). From Fall 1997 through Fall 1999, an evaluation of this program occurred in 18 classrooms in day care/Head Start centers. Each classroom was randomly assigned to one of three conditions: ECSEL training for (1) day care staff, parents, and children, (2) day care staff and children (but not their parents), and (3) control, no‐training. As predicted, children in the condition where both parents and day care staff were trained showed significant increases in assertiveness, cooperation, and self‐control, and significant decreases in aggressiveness and socially withdrawn behavior. Parents receiving training showed significant reductions in authoritarian and permissive parenting styles and an increase in authoritative parenting style.
Lisa Hansson, Claus Hedegaard Sørensen and Tom Rye
A general global wave of public participation is occurring. Students and researchers as well as civil servants, policy-makers, and NGO representatives are encouraged to study…
Abstract
A general global wave of public participation is occurring. Students and researchers as well as civil servants, policy-makers, and NGO representatives are encouraged to study, propose, and engage in public participation. New innovative forms of participation are suggested, and experiments in participation are ongoing locally and nationally. Within the transport sector, most studies of participation focus on road infrastructure and other land use changes. However, for other areas within transport, studies are limited and fragmented. Based on this, we see a need for a volume on public participation in transport, aimed at practitioners, students, and researchers, in what are unarguably times of change. The overall aim of the volume is to provide examples of different forms of public participation in transport, which can work as a setting for further analyses and discussions of public participation in transport. Drawing on different cases, eight empirical chapters are presented covering three main themes: grass-roots participation initiatives, participation in unconventional areas, and public participation that throws up unexpected results. In this introductory chapter, we set the scene for later discussions and analyses of public participation in transport. This chapter also provides an overview of the structure and content of the volume.
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Under this heading are published regularly abstracts of all Reports and Memoranda of the Aeronautical Research Council, Reports and Technical Memoranda of the United States…
Abstract
Under this heading are published regularly abstracts of all Reports and Memoranda of the Aeronautical Research Council, Reports and Technical Memoranda of the United States National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics and publications of other similar Research Bodies as issued
Rebecca Day, Luke Simmons, Elizabeth Shade, Jo Jennison, Clare S. Allely and Raja A.S. Mukherjee
Recent research has proposed a specific female phenotype within autism spectrum disorder (ASD). It suggests females exhibit differences in social communication styles with higher…
Abstract
Purpose
Recent research has proposed a specific female phenotype within autism spectrum disorder (ASD). It suggests females exhibit differences in social communication styles with higher levels of camouflaging and compensatory strategies, as well as variance in restrictive repetitive behaviours (RRBs); however, many existing studies have been based on either small, disproportionate or child and adolescent samples, leaving questions about the specific phenotype. This study aims to explore the sex difference and phenotype in a clinic sample of individuals diagnosed with autism.
Design/methodology/approach
A service evaluation of sex/ gender differences on 150 historical ASD assessment reports (75 males, 75 females) using a 103-item questionnaire developed from a quantitative review of existing literature was undertaken.
Findings
Females camouflaged more significantly than males in five different areas (thinking how to act next, preparing conversation in advance, making lists of prompts/social responses, wearing a mask/acting, less monotone voice); however, these were not maintained in post-analysis correction.
Originality/value
This study points the evidence towards a different phenotype of Autism that is more common in women than men rather than a unique female phenotype.
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Norshahirah Mohamad Saidi, Ammar Shafaamri Shafaamri, Iling Aema Wonnie Ma, Ramesh Kasi, Vengadaesvaran Balakrishnan and Ramesh Subramaniam
The purpose of this study is to develop anti-corrosion coating systems using disposable waste materials. The dissolved polyethylene terephthalate (PET) has been blended with epoxy…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study is to develop anti-corrosion coating systems using disposable waste materials. The dissolved polyethylene terephthalate (PET) has been blended with epoxy resin and stoichiometrically cured with a polyamide resin.
Design/methodology/approach
Glycolysis process was found to be the most optimum candidate to dissolve PET. The developed coating systems were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy for confirmation of the molecular bonding structures. The mechanical properties were characterized by performing pull-off test and cross hatch test for mechanical properties on the coated panel. Also, the glossiness test was used by reflecting light on the coated surface. The corrosion protection performance of the coated mild steel panels was examined using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Furthermore, the wettability of the developed coating systems was evaluated by using water contact angle technique.
Findings
It was observed that the coating system which contains 10 per cent of dissolved PET (S2) showed the highest adhesion and corrosion protection properties.
Originality/value
Recyclable PET bottles have outstanding chemical properties, adhesion properties, low cost, low permeability to gases and solvents making it suitable as a coating with superior barrier properties.
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THE purpose of this article is to present a mathematical treatment which has been found extremely useful in the design of spiral springs since it enables us to determine the…
Abstract
THE purpose of this article is to present a mathematical treatment which has been found extremely useful in the design of spiral springs since it enables us to determine the physical dimensions of a spiral spring, and also its behaviour when subject to a straining action; i.e. the change of the radius of curvature at any point, change in the number of coils or in the spacing of coils. The following method concerns itself only with the spiral springs whose coils throughout the whole range of deflexion are free, i.e. do not touch one another, and also the springs which become completely solid at the maximum deflexion.