A. Hernández, J. Albizuri, R. Avilés and E. Amezua
The present paper proposes a procedure for the resolution of non‐linear structural problems. It includes a study of the reliability of the results and the adaptive meshing. The…
Abstract
The present paper proposes a procedure for the resolution of non‐linear structural problems. It includes a study of the reliability of the results and the adaptive meshing. The iterative phase of the solution of the equilibrium equations entails an adaptive strategy for updating the tangent stiffness matrix, with a control of the load step. This results in a higher rate of convergence for the iterative process. The mechanical deformation processes here considered may give rise to considerable geometric distortion in the finite elements of the mesh. If they do, the consequence will be not only that the FE analysis fails to yield precise results, but also, owing to problems deriving from the numerical ill‐conditioning, that continuation may be impractical. To facilitate the study of these results, we developed an error estimator of the flux projection type, which is based on the mechanical deformation power. It is also used as a refinement criterion for the FE mesh. Distorted meshes can be fully or partially submitted to a process of regularization based on the aspect ratio of their elements. The mesh contour may be affected by the refinement and regularization processes, for which reason we developed a procedure for its updating. This procedure is of more importance in the case of contact problems, its primary object being to avoid interpenetration. The work was done in the ZATILAN code, developed by the Department of Mechanical Engineering of the University of the Basque Country.
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Ch. Pinto, R. Avilés, J. Albizuri and A. Hernández
In this second part of the paper, some properties of the discretization error estimators are presented, although their theoretical background was already developed in the first…
Abstract
In this second part of the paper, some properties of the discretization error estimators are presented, although their theoretical background was already developed in the first part. Two numerical examples have been selected and will be used to check some properties of these error estimators. In addition to this, some practical conclusions will be addressed from the results and graphical output of the implemented procedure.
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Beto Davison Avilés, Lori Russell-Chapin and Christopher J. Rybak
Professional school counselors have been in the public schools since the early 1900s. Fueled by the industrial revolution, the vocational guidance movement spawned the creation of…
Abstract
Professional school counselors have been in the public schools since the early 1900s. Fueled by the industrial revolution, the vocational guidance movement spawned the creation of high school guidance counseling programs. In 1907, Jesse B. Davis created one of the first vocational guidance programs at Central High School in Detroit, Michigan (Schmidt, 2014). In 1908, Frank Parsons, the father of vocational guidance, founded the Vocations Bureau that eventually became part of the Division of Education at Harvard University. These early efforts helped students develop vocationally, morally, and intellectually, and it would take nearly 70 years for children with exceptionalities to be similarly served in the public schools.
The purpose of this chapter is to explain the role of counselors in assisting students with exceptionalities. This will be examined by better understanding the counseling history, defining the terms of exceptionalities and transdisciplinary collaboration, and showcasing the many benefits of individual, group, and brain-based interventions.
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Oscar Altuzarra, Enrique Amezua, Rafael Avilés and Alfonso Hernández
Friction vibrations and noises which are common in brakes, have attracted a great deal of attention lately. This paper analyses low frequency vibrations in disc brakes excited at…
Abstract
Friction vibrations and noises which are common in brakes, have attracted a great deal of attention lately. This paper analyses low frequency vibrations in disc brakes excited at high car speed. This vibration, called judder, has a frequency in the range 10 to 300 Hz and usually comes in association with hum noises. The dynamic phenomenon shows two principal components, one normal and the other one tangential to the disc brake surface. It is explained how variations of friction coefficient, and thermoelastic instability caused by the tangential component, contribute to the appearance of judder. A numerical analysis in 3D using the finite element method has been implemented combining both tangential and normal components, and solving the thermoelastic process. Special attention is dedicated to the simulation of the thermoelastic process showing the correlation with experiments.
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Sandra Rodríguez-Alvarez, Laura del Río del Río-Fernández, Daniel del Río-Santos, Carmen de la Torre-Gamarra, Belen Levenfeld and Alejandro Varez
This study aims to develop a highly loaded filament with spherical metallic particles for fused filament fabrication (FFF) technology. The research focuses on optimizing powder…
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to develop a highly loaded filament with spherical metallic particles for fused filament fabrication (FFF) technology. The research focuses on optimizing powder loading, printing parameters and final processes, including debinding and sintering, to produce successful metal parts.
Design/methodology/approach
The optimal powder loading was identified by measuring mixing torque and viscosity at various temperatures. The filament was extruded, and printing parameters − particularly printing speed to ensure proper material flow − were optimized. Different filling patterns were also examined. After printing, the polymeric binder was removed and the parts were sintered to form the final metal components.
Findings
The optimal powder loading was determined to be 55 vol.%. The best surface quality was achieved with an optimized printing speed of 5 mm/s. Parts printed with various infill patterns were studied for differences in open, closed and total porosity, showing a strong link between porosity and infill pattern.
Originality/value
This comprehensive study provides new insights into manufacturing metal parts using FFF technology. It fills a gap in the literature regarding feedstock viscosity and shear rate in highly loaded metal filaments during FFF. Additionally, it uniquely examines the open, closed and total porosity of metal parts printed with different infill patterns.
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Anastasia Guimaraes, Laurie McGowan, Miranda VanNevel and Zheng Wang
The first part of the chapter discusses the premise that “wearing many hats” impedes a professional’s ability to get successful project results in a library setting. Offering…
Abstract
Purpose
The first part of the chapter discusses the premise that “wearing many hats” impedes a professional’s ability to get successful project results in a library setting. Offering their own experience as an example, the authors explore the issues that led to the implementation of project manager as a full-time position at Hesburgh Libraries. Part two of the chapter offers practical suggestions for incorporating a project management office (PMO) into a library setting. It includes the definition of the virtual PMO model, how this model fits into the organizational structure, and why this model might be preferred in a library environment. It includes descriptions of basic project management tools, techniques, and methods as well as graphic representation of division and overlap of responsibilities.
Methodology/approach
The methodology of this chapter is based on a review of the literature as well as a description of the authors’ experience with implementing project management at their institution.
Findings
Project management is a profession that requires dedicated personnel and resources. Actively involved project sponsors and dedicated project managers play a critical role in assuring project success. Basic project management tools, techniques, and approaches can be successfully implemented in libraries.
Originality/value
Full-time project management in libraries is still a novel concept. Readers will benefit from Hesburgh Libraries’ implementation of new methodology and learn about tools and approaches to introduce project management in their organizations.
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Oscar Salgado, Oscar Altuzarra, Fernando Viadero and Alfonso Hernández
The purpose of this paper is to provide a general approach to compute, determine, and characterize the connectivity of the end‐effector of a robotic manipulator of arbitrary…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to provide a general approach to compute, determine, and characterize the connectivity of the end‐effector of a robotic manipulator of arbitrary architecture, in any of the postures that it can reach.
Design/methodology/approach
The types of motion of this link, i.e. translational, screw motions, combinations thereof, and self‐motions, are first defined and determined, simplifying the understanding of the instantaneous behaviour of the manipulator, aided by the definition of an alternative input basis.
Findings
The characterization provided by this paper simplifies the understanding of the instantaneous behaviour of the manipulator. The mobility of the end‐effector is completely characterized by the principal screws of its motion, which can be obtained from a generalized eigenproblem. In the process, alternative demonstrations of well‐known properties of the principal screws are provided.
Research limitations/implications
The approach presented is focused on the kinetostatic analysis of manipulators, and therefore, subjected to rigid body assumption.
Practical implications
This paper proposes effective approaches for engineering analysis of robotic manipulators.
Originality/value
This approach is based on a pure theoretical kinematic analysis that can characterize computationally the motion that the end‐effector of an industrial robot of general morphology (i.e. serial, parallel, hybrid manipulators, complex mechanisms, redundant or non‐redundantly actuated). Also, being implemented on a general‐purpose software for the kinematic analysis of mechanisms, it provides visual information of the motion capabilities of the manipulator, highly valuable on its design stages.
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Michael A. Crumpton and Nora J. Bird
Library and Information Studies (LIS) education is changing to meet the needs of a dynamic, information-seeking public by infusing new skills development into the education…
Abstract
Library and Information Studies (LIS) education is changing to meet the needs of a dynamic, information-seeking public by infusing new skills development into the education process. This includes new ways to teach from a theoretical point of view in the classroom, new partnerships and expectations, and learning from practitioners through practicums, internships, and volunteering. Embracing innovation and entrepreneurship within the education framework for library and information science education will ensure a profession that can change and be sustainable into the future.
Examples and active programs from field literature are provided to make the case for the need to include entrepreneurial skill development into the LIS curriculum and program development.
This chapter will discuss the value of applying or including an entrepreneurial education component into LIS programs. Changes to practicum experiences can also help students engage more broadly and redefine how to provide library resources and services in an uncertain future. The value to the student will also be examined. Whether as part of a standard program or as part of a professional development initiative, students or individuals obtaining competencies and skills related to risk-taking, building diverse relationships, and becoming comfortable with ambiguity will increase their chances for a broader range of employment.
The work in this chapter has been developed and shared in pieces at various presentations and venues but never collected and documented as a single work, but for this chapter.
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Kate McCready and Kirsten Clark
Academic library work has often been project-based; however, the interest and adoption of formalized project management techniques has come late to these organizations. The…
Abstract
Purpose
Academic library work has often been project-based; however, the interest and adoption of formalized project management techniques has come late to these organizations. The desired outcomes of good project management systems include excellent communication, organized work in manageable tasks, clear expectations, and responsible management of resources.
Methodology/approach
With an aim to improve on these elements, a new focus on project management at the University of Minnesota Libraries provided a unique opportunity to showcase the development of an informal, in-house set of standard processes for a large, academic institution. Honoring the processes found within individual departments and divisions was key to the work of the Project Management Processes Task Force that created common language and standard processes for project development and implementation to support the growing focus on cross-divisional, cross-departmental projects.
Findings
The outcome of this work was to greatly streamline the ability of any staff member to successfully develop and move project proposals from idea to completion. Transparency of process led to stronger understanding of not only project status but also key stage gates and decision points to ensure projects stay on track in supporting the Libraries’ strategic planning. The clarity in scope and the outcomes of projects creates more potential for the Libraries to align their work with that of the University as a whole. Well-developed and implemented project management standard processes create stronger connections between all library units, through consistencies of practice and language, as well as shared expectations and outcomes, by both staff and administrators.
Originality/value
The University of Minnesota Libraries’ process for developing practical project management processes identifies the benefits of this approach for similar organizations as well as outlining specific methods for implementing a set of standards within academic libraries.
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W. Randy Evans, Deborah M. Mullen and Lisa Burke-Smalley
The appalling abuse healthcare workers have endured from patients is long documented in the popular press and social media. Less explored in the healthcare management literature…
Abstract
Purpose
The appalling abuse healthcare workers have endured from patients is long documented in the popular press and social media. Less explored in the healthcare management literature is workplace abuse that professional nurses experience from their coworkers.
Design/methodology/approach
The authors use text-based first-hand accounts from nurses posting on Reddit (N = 75) to better understand the types and context of abusive acts endured by their coworkers in the contemporary healthcare setting. Each account is content analyzed using two raters, and thematic analysis is utilized to summarize findings.
Findings
Findings indicate that nurse workplace abuse frequently targets new entrants to a work unit (e.g. recent grads), typically is ongoing, takes verbal and nonverbal forms, mainly stems from coworkers (i.e. lateral mistreatment), and frequently takes place in front of other coworkers, mainly in hospital settings.
Practical implications
By applying the lens of mindfulness, healthcare organizations can transform these harmful interactions within the nursing profession. The authors offer administrators and frontline workers practical implications for mitigating workplace abuse, including reshaping the culture, bystander interventions and explicit leadership support.
Originality/value
First-hand accounts from nurses in the frontlines of healthcare provide a rich voice that reveals the reality of ongoing verbal and nonverbal peer abuse in hospitals and healthcare settings.