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Book part
Publication date: 23 January 2023

Ibraheem M. Karaye

Much of the research on the mental health impacts of the COVID-19 response have been focused on frontline healthcare workers (FHCW). However, other essential workers (OEW) have

Abstract

Much of the research on the mental health impacts of the COVID-19 response have been focused on frontline healthcare workers (FHCW). However, other essential workers (OEW) have also faced many mental health challenges due to exposures associated with their employment status, which may be compounded by higher levels of social vulnerability. This chapter describes disparities among FHCW, OEW, and the general public regarding mental health outcomes associated with the pandemic. In addition, it considers the role that structural racism (e.g., historical redlining of neighborhoods and biased lending practices) plays in the higher vulnerability of OEW to the mental health impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic response. Mental health inequities overall, and among essential workers, must be addressed as part of the recovery from COVID-19 to build resilience to future public health emergencies. The model used by New York City to more equitably distribute mental health resources and support services is shared.

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COVID-19, Frontline Responders and Mental Health: A Playbook for Delivering Resilient Public Health Systems Post-Pandemic
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-80262-115-0

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Book part
Publication date: 13 February 2024

Rosie Allen and Chathurika Kannangara

The aim of this chapter is to provide an overview of the student mental health crisis in Higher Education (HE), and how resilience and grit, two important positive psychological…

Abstract

The aim of this chapter is to provide an overview of the student mental health crisis in Higher Education (HE), and how resilience and grit, two important positive psychological constructs, can be beneficial for university students’ success and wellbeing. As part of a discussion around some of the current approaches to intervening in wellbeing in universities, the chapter provides evidence for the use of PPIs for wellbeing in university students, alongside some of the challenges of implementing these in HE. It also provides an overview of the Thriving Students Framework and presents a case for a multicomponent approach to monitoring and improving educational success. In particular, a wellbeing framework that, alongside resilience, also recognises the importance of strengths, persistence in the face of difficulty, a growth mindset, self-control and mental wellbeing; Academic Tenacity. The implications of utilising this framework for educational attainment in university students are discussed. The Bolton Uni-Stride Scale (BUSS), a single short measure of academic tenacity that combines the attributes enabling measurement and intervention to support university students to thrive, is also presented for educators to use.

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Positive Education at All Levels: Learning to Flourish
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-83753-156-1

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Book part
Publication date: 13 June 2023

Rani Shahwan and Tabish Zaman

The purpose of this chapter is to illustrate the role of higher education establishments in Middle Eastern countries specifically Saudi Arabia. The contributions of higher…

Abstract

The purpose of this chapter is to illustrate the role of higher education establishments in Middle Eastern countries specifically Saudi Arabia. The contributions of higher education establishments are particularly significant in relation to regional and national innovation system, which have been earmarked as engine for growth of the local economy across the region. Our study has chartered the dynamic nature of higher education in the region and their networking capabilities in order to be recognized as key stakeholders of the emerging economy. The study is informed by theoretical dimensions of “open innovation” and how the framework can accommodate the dynamic nature of higher education establishments in order to provide further impetus to ambitious projects such as Vision 2030 in Saudi Arabia. Our study is limited by further empirical evidence but has implication for the region in offering new insights around the evolving conceptualization of entrepreneurial universities and national innovation system.

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Industry Clusters and Innovation in the Arab World
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-80262-872-2

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Article
Publication date: 18 July 2023

Chaofan Jia, Shaolin Li, Xiuhua Guo, Juanhua Su and Kexing Song

The effect of different service parameters on the current-carrying tribological properties of CF-Al2O3/Cu composites was investigated, and the damage behavior of the composites…

70

Abstract

Purpose

The effect of different service parameters on the current-carrying tribological properties of CF-Al2O3/Cu composites was investigated, and the damage behavior of the composites under different service parameters was probed. The purpose of this study is to provide a theoretical basis for the application of CF-Al2O3/Cu composites.

Design/methodology/approach

The composites were fabricated by internal oxidation combined with powder metallurgy. The current-carrying tribological properties of CF-Al2O3/Cu composites were investigated on an electrical damage test system at different loads and currents.

Findings

As the load increases, the wear mechanism of the composite changes from abrasive wear to delamination wear. As the current increases, the oxidation wear and arc erosion of the composites gradually intensified. Under the service parameters of 0–25 A and 30–40 N, the composite has relatively stable current-carrying tribological properties.

Originality/value

This paper could provide a theoretical basis for the practical application of CF-Al2O3/Cu composites.

Details

Industrial Lubrication and Tribology, vol. 75 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0036-8792

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Article
Publication date: 1 March 1994

C.Y. Yang, J. Qiao, E.M. Ajimine and P.P. Patel

The objectives of this study are to assess the utility of the high‐Tc superconductor, yttrium barium copper oxide (YBCO), as a gate material in two‐ and three‐terminal…

38

Abstract

The objectives of this study are to assess the utility of the high‐Tc superconductor, yttrium barium copper oxide (YBCO), as a gate material in two‐ and three‐terminal superconductor‐insulator‐semiconductor (SulS) devices, and to study the electrical properties of the insulator and the insulator/Si interface. The YBCO and yttria‐stabilised‐zirconia (YSZ) layers were epitaxially grown on Si by pulsed‐laser deposition. The SulS diodes were fabricated using standard lithographic techniques, with evaporated gold providing the gate and substrate contacts. Electrical characterisation of these superconducting devices is performed using current vs. voltage and capacitance vs. voltage (C‐V) measurements under bias‐temperature cycling. It is found that deposition of thicker YBCO films (≥ 1500 A) minimises the leakage current of the devices, resulting in electrically stable capacitors, especially at superconducting temperatures. A thermally activated process in the temperature range 80–295 K, as determined from flat‐band shifts of C‐V curves, is attributed to trapping/detrapping mechanisms in the SiOx interfacial layer between YSZ and Si. The mobile ions present in YSZ, which affect the room‐temperature C‐V behaviour, give rise to adjustable threshold voltages at superconducting temperatures. These findings will have a significant impact on future transistors using this capacitor as the gate structure.

Details

Microelectronics International, vol. 11 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1356-5362

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Article
Publication date: 27 November 2020

Haoyue Zhang, Luqi Chang, Hongwei Zhang, Junyan Li, Zijiang Yang, Bingxuan Qiao, Zhenjiang Zhao, Chaofang Dong and Kai Zhang

The purpose of this paper is to study the mechanical and corrosion behaviors of selective laser melting (SLM) 30CrMnSiA steel.

214

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to study the mechanical and corrosion behaviors of selective laser melting (SLM) 30CrMnSiA steel.

Design/methodology/approach

The microstructure, mechanical behavior and corrosion resistance of SLM 30CrMnSiA steel were studied by electrochemical test and immersion experiment.

Findings

The results showed that the microstructure of SLM 30CrMnSiA steel contained equiaxed fine (25.0 µm) ferrite and lamellar pearlite. The tensile strength of SLM 30CrMnSiA steel under the process parameters is 1,447 MPa and the elongation is 7.5%. As the immersion/salt spray test time increased to 15 days/48 h, corrosion mainly occurred in the local position of the sample and corrosion resistance decreased. When the immersion/salt spray test time increased to 30 days/168 h, the corrosion production covered the surface of the samples and the corrosion resistance increased.

Originality/value

The paper can guide the application and in situ repair for low-alloy steel by additive manufacturing.

Details

Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials, vol. 67 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0003-5599

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Article
Publication date: 10 April 2020

Hong Yang, Yimei Hu, Han Qiao, Shouyang Wang and Feng Jiang

The purpose of this paper is to elaborate on the interactive conflicts between business and governmental authorities in the regulatory process of an emerging business model…

2084

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to elaborate on the interactive conflicts between business and governmental authorities in the regulatory process of an emerging business model: sharing economy. Focusing on bike sharing system, the study also investigates the conflict-handling strategy of bike sharing companies and government regulation.

Design/methodology/approach

An evolutionary game model is introduced to illustrate the interactive conflict between bike sharing companies and government regulation, combined with system dynamics (SD) to simulate the evolutionary conflict-handling strategies between the two players.

Findings

The dynamic strategies of the two players are observed, and under five conditions the conflict outcomes are evolutionary stable states. Simulations show that each party sacrifices part of its interest and adjust its strategy according to that of the other, indicating the conflict-handling strategy as a compromising mode. Furthermore, the strategies of bike sharing companies are sensitive to additional operation and maintenance costs for producing low-quality bicycles and costs of positive regulation, which provides theoretical guidance for regulatory authorities.

Originality/value

The station-less bike sharing come up in China recently, and it is an important research field of entrepreneurship. Owing to the uniqueness and novelty of the phenomenon, conflicts and challenges exist during the regulation process. Thus, the study practically contributes to the conflict-handling strategies of businesses and government under the context of sharing economy. Methodologically, as a novel issue with less available data to carry out empirical research, this study combines evolutionary game theory with SD to shed light on the complex interactions between businesses and government. The research method can be applied to other entrepreneurial studies.

Details

International Journal of Conflict Management, vol. 31 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1044-4068

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Article
Publication date: 14 June 2021

Xiaofeng Liu, Jiahong Xu and Yuhong Liu

The purpose of this research on the control of three-axis aero-dynamic pendulum with disturbance is to facilitate the applications of equipment with similar pendulum structure in…

109

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this research on the control of three-axis aero-dynamic pendulum with disturbance is to facilitate the applications of equipment with similar pendulum structure in intelligent manufacturing and robot.

Design/methodology/approach

The controller proposed in this paper is mainly implemented in the following ways. First, the kinematic model of the three-axis aero-dynamic pendulum is derived in state space form to construct the predictive model. Then, according to the predictive model and objective function, the control problem can be expressed a quadratic programming (QP) problem. The optimal solution of the QP problem at each sampling time is the value of control variable.

Findings

The trajectory tracking and point stability tests performed on the 3D space with different disturbances are validated and the results show the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy.

Originality/value

This paper proposes a nonlinear unstable three-axis aero-dynamic pendulum with less power devices. Meanwhile, the trajectory tracking and point stability problem of the pendulum system is investigated with the model predictive control strategy.

Details

Assembly Automation, vol. 41 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0144-5154

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Article
Publication date: 22 May 2009

Qiao Yang, Xiao H. Yang, Pan Wang, Wei L. Zhu and Xiao Y. Chen

The purpose of this paper is to measure the apparent and complex viscosities of the zinc‐rich coatings derived from sodium silicate solution modified with aluminium chloride (AlCl3

325

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to measure the apparent and complex viscosities of the zinc‐rich coatings derived from sodium silicate solution modified with aluminium chloride (AlCl3), and then theoretically analyse the relation between viscosity behaviour and physiochemical mechanisms.

Design/methodology/approach

According to the different dosages of AlCl3, five coatings were prepared. The apparent viscosities as functions of shear rate, time and temperature, complex viscosity with variations of temperature and heating rate of these coatings were measured using an AR500 rheometer.

Findings

Results showed that the zinc‐rich coatings possessed the typical shear thinning behaviour and the apparent viscosity increased with time until solidification. Complex results showed that the complex viscosity depended strongly on heating rate. Both apparent and complex viscosities initially decreased to minimum and then started to increase, while temperature was ramped from 0 to 70°C.

Originality/value

It is believed that there is no published literature about the apparent and complex viscosities of the zinc‐rich coatings from sodium silicate solution modified with AlCl3. This paper presents the first attempt to obtain the rheological data of these zinc‐rich coatings.

Details

Pigment & Resin Technology, vol. 38 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0369-9420

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Article
Publication date: 22 July 2021

Wenping Xu, Jinting Cong and David G. Proverbs

The purpose of this study is to undertake an evaluation of the resilient capacity of the infrastructure systems in the city of Wuhan. This evaluation focuses on the ability of the…

412

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to undertake an evaluation of the resilient capacity of the infrastructure systems in the city of Wuhan. This evaluation focuses on the ability of the infrastructure to cope with extreme weather from multiple dimensions and to propose effective interventions against such risks.

Design/methodology/approach

This research draws on a review and synthesis of the theory of resilience and adopts the literature induction method to build an evaluation index for five urban systems, namely: roads; water supply and drainage; energy and power; urban disaster reduction; and communications. Index data from the period of 1990–2019 are combined with the views of experts from Wuhan and analyzed using principal component analysis (PCA) to calculate the weightings of the five urban systems. A fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is then used to investigate the resilient capacity of these five urban infrastructure systems in the city.

Findings

Generally, the results show that the resilience of the infrastructure systems in Wuhan are at a high level. Based on the results, the communications and roads systems are found to have higher levels of resilience, while the disaster mitigation system is found to have a relatively low level of resilience. Recommendations are suggested to help improve resilience and prioritize investments in the development of the city's infrastructure systems.

Research limitations/implications

The development of these specific indicators and quantitative requirements have not been studied in detail, so a more comprehensive, systematic evaluation of quantitative indicators and methods of urban infrastructure resilience is still required. In addition, the research on the resilience of urban infrastructure under extreme weather is still in its infancy, and it is essential to further increase the quantitative assessment of the resilience of urban infrastructure under construction. This will also be indispensable information in the subsequent implementation of a resilient planning process.

Originality/value

This research builds a rigorous and reliable evaluation model that avoids any subjective bias in the results and represents a new approach to evaluate the resilience of the infrastructure systems in the city of Wuhan, which could be applied to other cities.

Details

International Journal of Building Pathology and Adaptation, vol. 41 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2398-4708

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