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Article
Publication date: 30 September 2014

Xiao-Bo Wang, Wen-Jie Xu, Bing-Yin Zhang and Qi-Cheng Sun

Rock-fill dams are embankments of compacted free-draining granular earth containing an impervious zone. Earth utilized in such dams often contains a high percentage of large…

283

Abstract

Purpose

Rock-fill dams are embankments of compacted free-draining granular earth containing an impervious zone. Earth utilized in such dams often contains a high percentage of large particles – hence the term rock-fill. Mass stability of these dams results from friction and particle interactions rather than through a cementing agent binding the particles together. However, high-stress conditions and prolonged exposure to the elements can severely damage rock-fill. Therefore, understanding and modeling rock-fill breakage is important for dam engineering. The purpose of this paper is to improve discontinuous deformation analysis (DDA) techniques for modeling rock-fill breakage, proving the new method using simulations of spherical particle crushing.

Design/methodology/approach

This work models rock-fill as bonded ellipsoid particles, and develops an improved DDA method to model the breakage of particle assemblies. The paper starts by describing the principles of three-dimensional DDA for spherical particles, and then derives the submatrices for normal contact, shear contact, and frictional force. The new algorithm incorporates a bond model with a revised open-close iteration algorithm into the DDA method to simulate particle crushing. To validate the improved DDA method, calculated particle contacts and movements are validated against theoretical results. Finally, this work performs a series of point-loading experimental tests for cement ellipsoid particles of both high and low compression strengths, with the test results compared against the results from corresponding DDA simulations.

Findings

In particle crushing tests, the force and displacement show an approximately linear relationship until the crushing point, at which point low compression ellipsoid particles split into several large pieces while the high-compression particles break into many small fragments. The DDA simulation results are in good agreement with the crushing tests, demonstrating the validity of the DDA method for solving particle crushing problems. Although the improved DDA model is applicable to rock-fill particle crushing studies, some issues remain, particularly in increasing calculation efficiency and performing large-scale computations and long real-time simulations. Future research should address these issues.

Originality/value

A bond model with a revised open-close iteration algorithm is incorporated into the DDA method. The simulated results shed insight into rock-fill crushing mechanisms, an element of concern in engineering practices.

Details

Engineering Computations, vol. 31 no. 7
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0264-4401

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Article
Publication date: 7 January 2025

Chunhsien Wang, Chi-Cheng Wu and Chin-Chia Ou

Drawing upon an integrative perspective from intellectual capital theory with upper echelon theory, we examined how intellectual capital affects resource integration capability…

28

Abstract

Purpose

Drawing upon an integrative perspective from intellectual capital theory with upper echelon theory, we examined how intellectual capital affects resource integration capability and subsequent strategic decision-making under weak versus strong top management team (TMT) involvement behavior. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships between intellectual capital and strategic decision-making and the mediated moderating effect between intellectual capital and decision-making on small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs).

Design/methodology/approach

Using statistical empirical analysis, we tested our research hypotheses via large-scale survey data from 323 SMEs. A regression analysis was applied to intellectual capital, resource integration capability and TMT involvement behavior to estimate their influence on strategic decision-making.

Findings

Our findings suggest that the positive effect of intellectual capital on strategic decision-making via resource integration capability is conditional on TMT involvement behavior, underscoring the role of resource integration capability and TMT involvement behavior in intellectual capital. The results also indicate that intellectual capital and resource integration capability strengthen positive decision-making relationships. Furthermore, TMT involvement behavior strengthens the positive interaction effect of intellectual capital with resource integration capability.

Practical implications

Intellectual capital is a critical and preeminent strategic resource for strengthening strategic decision-making, especially for SMEs. Notably, trends related to intellectual capital can be used to explore the management of SMEs and the corresponding contributions to and improvements in strategic decision-making. Specifically, intellectual capital can be used by SME management teams to formulate and implement relevant strategic decisions and enhance the effectiveness of decision-making, which are critical steps for success in decision-making processes.

Originality/value

This research explored the relationships among intellectual capital, resource integration capability, TMT involvement behavior and strategic decision-making in a comprehensive mediated moderation model; it is the first known study to highlight that intellectual capital can enhance strategic decision-making and provide managerial implications regarding how to align resource integration capability and TMT involvement behavior while performing strategic decision-making.

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Book part
Publication date: 10 July 2019

Tianxing Wu, Guilin Qi and Cheng Li

With the continuous development of intelligent technologies, knowledge graph, the backbone of artificial intelligence, has attracted much attention from both academic and…

Abstract

With the continuous development of intelligent technologies, knowledge graph, the backbone of artificial intelligence, has attracted much attention from both academic and industrial communities due to its powerful capability of knowledge representation and reasoning. Besides, knowledge graph has been widely applied in different kinds of applications, such as semantic search, question answering, knowledge management, and so on. In recent years, knowledge graph techniques in China are also developing rapidly and different Chinese knowledge graphs have been built to support various applications. Under the background of “One Belt One Road (OBOR)” initiative, cooperating with the countries along OBOR on studying knowledge graph techniques and applications will greatly promote the development of artificial intelligence. At the same time, the accumulated experience of China on developing knowledge graph is also a good reference. Thus, in this chapter, the authors mainly introduce the development of Chinese knowledge graphs and their applications. The authors first describe the background of OBOR, and then introduce the concept of knowledge graph and three typical Chinese knowledge graphs, including Zhishi.me, CN-DBpedia, and XLORE. Finally, the authors demonstrate several applications of Chinese knowledge graphs.

Details

The New Silk Road Leads through the Arab Peninsula: Mastering Global Business and Innovation
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78756-680-4

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Article
Publication date: 17 August 2012

Wen‐Chung Hsieh, Chun‐Hsi Vivian Chen, Chi‐Cheng Lee and Rui‐Hsin Kao

The purpose of this paper is to examine the effect of work characteristics on members’ self‐efficacy and collective efficacy, and the subsequent effect on police officers’…

1517

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to examine the effect of work characteristics on members’ self‐efficacy and collective efficacy, and the subsequent effect on police officers’ performance.

Design/methodology/approach

A multilevel model is adopted to analyze quantitative data obtained by using 812 police officers and 54 chiefs of police stations in Taiwan as the research objects.

Findings

The authors found that work characteristics affected members’ self‐efficacy and collective efficacy, which further affected the individual‐ and group‐level performance and the contextual effect of social work characteristics (SWCs) and collective efficacy on self‐efficacy and individual performance. The authors also confirmed the cross‐level moderation of social characteristics on the relationship between motivational work characteristics (MWCs) and self‐efficacy, and between self‐efficacy and individual performance.

Research limitations/implications

A limitation was the characteristics of the sample, which consisted of mostly first‐line uniformed police officers in Taiwan. From the perspective of managerial implications, it is felt that police organizations should beef up the training on police officers’ collective efficacy, such as building group spirit, improving members’ sense of responsibility, and building up trust with the organization.

Originality/value

The findings prove that the study of work design is particularly important for enhancing the management effectiveness of police organization, because it explains the causes of a number of organizational behaviors as well as a number of important results that influence the police organization (e.g. efficacy and performance).

Details

Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies & Management, vol. 35 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1363-951X

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Book part
Publication date: 9 June 2022

Shah Saquib

Social organisations and their entrepreneurial approaches are quite challenging to avail a robust and sustainable platform. Yet it is more difficult when the venture is aimed to…

Abstract

Social organisations and their entrepreneurial approaches are quite challenging to avail a robust and sustainable platform. Yet it is more difficult when the venture is aimed to serve an uncommon service that the target group are not aware of. Leveraging morale boosts and power of the mind through yoga and transcendental meditation practices could be an approach of a social enterprise that are outlined in this chapter. How tranquility and mental peace in the midst a huge number of people can be achieved by some innovative steps, that is also conferred here.

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Article
Publication date: 2 October 2017

Chin-Tsung Hsieh, Her-Terng Yau and Cheng-Chi Wang

This study aims to investigate the dynamic motion of an ultrasonic machining system comprising two Duffing oscillators, each with a single degree of freedom. After derivation of…

120

Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to investigate the dynamic motion of an ultrasonic machining system comprising two Duffing oscillators, each with a single degree of freedom. After derivation of the differential equations of the system using the Lagrange equations and dimensionless time, numerical analysis was used to observe changes in the system caused by differences in excitation frequency.

Design/methodology/approach

To suppress this effect and improve performance, proportional differential (PD) control was used. The integral absolute error was used as the fitness function, and particle swarm optimization was used to find the best value for the gain constant of the PD controller.

Findings

The results showed that with specific changes of excitation frequency, the dynamic motion of the system became nonlinear and chaotic behavior resulted. This made the system unstable and affected performance.

Originality/value

A range of methods, including fuzzy control, was used to analyze the results, and exhaustive laboratory work was carried out. Means of control were found that were effective in suppressing the chaotic behavior, and differences in response to control were investigated and verified. The findings of this study can be used as a basis for system parameter settings or control circuit design.

Details

Engineering Computations, vol. 34 no. 7
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0264-4401

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