Narander Kumar Nigam, Kirtivardhan Singh and Purushottam Arya
The existing literature point that the presence of women directors in a firm reduces its risk. However, the relation between boardroom gender diversity and a firm’s return is…
Abstract
Purpose
The existing literature point that the presence of women directors in a firm reduces its risk. However, the relation between boardroom gender diversity and a firm’s return is widely disputed leading to no concrete answer. Some studies mention that women directors have a positive impact on firm performance, whereas, on the other hand, some findings suggest that women directors reduce financial performance. This paper aims to study the relationship of firm risk and return with boardroom gender diversity and the net impact on firm performance in the Indian context. This study uses not only traditional measures of risk and return but also the third measure of risk-adjusted returns to postulate its findings.
Design/methodology/approach
Based upon the data of the top 100 of the Bombay Stock Exchange-500 firms for the period FY 2009–2010 to FY 2018–2019, this study applied fixed effect panel regression and random effects Tobit regression to examine the effect of board gender diversity on firm performance.
Findings
The study concludes that firms with women directors on board have lower risk and lower returns. It also results in a higher risk-adjusted return, creating a positive impact on a firm’s performance.
Originality/value
The paper contributes to the existing literature on corporate governance by considering return, risk and risk-adjusted returns in single research to have a holistic measure of firm performance. It provides empirical evidence from one of the largest emerging economies, India where the female director and independent female director have been introduced recently.
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Vishal Kumar Laheri, Weng Marc Lim, Purushottam Kumar Arya and Sanjeev Kumar
The purpose of this paper is to examine the purchase behavior of consumers towards green products by adapting and extending the theory of planned behavior with the inclusion of…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the purchase behavior of consumers towards green products by adapting and extending the theory of planned behavior with the inclusion of three pertinent environmental factors posited to reflect environmental consciousness in the form of environmental concern, environmental knowledge and environmental values.
Design/methodology/approach
The data was collected from 410 consumers at shopping malls with retail stores selling green and non-green products in a developing country using cluster sampling and analyzed using covariance-based structural equation modeling.
Findings
The findings of this study indicate that environmental factors reflecting environmental consciousness positively influence consumers’ attitude towards purchasing green products, wherein consumers’ environmental values have a stronger influence than their environmental concern and environmental knowledge. The findings also reveal that subjective norm, attitude and perceived behavioral control toward purchasing green products positively shape green purchase intention. The same positive effect is also witnessed between green purchase intention and behavior. However, perceived behavioral control towards purchasing green products had no significant influence on green purchase behavior.
Practical implications
This study suggests that green marketers should promote environmental consciousness among consumers to influence and shape their planned behavior towards green purchases. This could be done by prioritizing efforts and investments in inculcating environmental values, followed by enhancing environmental knowledge and finally inducing environmental concern among consumers. Green marketers can also leverage subjective norm and perceptions of behavioral control toward purchasing green products to reinforce green purchase intention, which, in turn, strengthens green purchase behavior. This green marketing strategy should also be useful to address the intention–behavior gap as seen through the null effect of perceived behavioral control on purchase behavior toward green products when this strategy is present.
Originality/value
This study contributes to theoretical generalizability by reaffirming the continued relevance of the theory of planned behavior in settings concerning the environment (e.g. green purchases), and theoretical extension by augmenting environmental concern, environmental knowledge and environmental values with the theory of planned behavior, resulting in an environmentally conscious theory of planned behavior. The latter is significant and noteworthy, as this study broadens the conceptualization and operationalization of environmental consciousness from a unidimensional to a multidimensional construct.
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Purushottam Suryavanshi, Srushti Lekurwale, Pankaj Kumar, Santosha K. Dwivedy and Subham Banerjee
This research aims to provide a innovative class of shape-memory-responsive cellulosic composites (RCC) for 4D printing, enabling self-activated, reversible shape morphing. By…
Abstract
Purpose
This research aims to provide a innovative class of shape-memory-responsive cellulosic composites (RCC) for 4D printing, enabling self-activated, reversible shape morphing. By integrating experimental, theoretical, and computational modeling, the study optimizes material behavior, offering precise curvature predictions for advanced biomedical and pharmaceutical applications.
Design/methodology/approach
This study presents an innovative class of shape–memory–responsive cellulosic composites (RCC), with a unique combination of starch and AffnisolTM. RCC-mediated filaments were used to print single-layer strips using fused deposition modeling 3D printing technology. The printed single-layer strip exhibited reversible, contactless and self-activated shape morphing in response to swelling and heat. The programming stage involves the swelling and heating of the composite strip and subsequent shape recovery through heating. The shape deformation during the self-activated programming stage was both estimated and predicted using simple experimental, theoretical and computational tools. The study was conducted at different thicknesses (1.5, 2.0 and 2.5 mm) and temperatures (25°C and 37°C) to validate the performance of the developed model in predicting bending curvature.
Findings
The developed model showed less than a 13.96 % difference in curvature predicted using theoretical and experimental modeling at studied temperatures. At lower thicknesses, the model can predict the bending curvature with less than a 2.0 % difference in curvature. These RCC materials exhibited potential reversible 4D printing capacity and satisfied the adopted approaches and modeling to forecast the bending curvature for reversible 4D printing.
Originality/value
This study introduces a new class of composite materials for potential 4D applications and provides simple predictive models to forecast bending curvature in reversible 4D printing.