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In recent days, friction stir processing (FSP) has emerged as a pioneering approach for the manufacture of composites with enhanced mechanical and tribological properties. The present study aims to examine the impact of process parameters such as tool rotation speed and number of FSP pass on the AZ61A/TiC magnesium metal composite for responses such as hardness and wear resistance.

To minimize number of experimental runs, design of experiment was configured according to the response surface methodology using central composite design. Analysis of variance has been conducted to develop mathematical and empirical model for studying relationship between tool rotation and number of pass for responses such as microhardness and wear resistance. Microhardness was checked on vickers microhardness testing machine, and tribological behavior were examined on pin-on-disc using tribotester. Wear morphology was analyzed via scanning electron microscopy.

The responses were predicted using validated mathematical model, and contour plots were generated to study the interaction and influence of process parameters. Wear observations suggest that for the base magnesium alloy adhesive wear mechanism was dominating and for the developed nanocomposites, abrasive wear mechanism is a prominent factor. It was also observed that both the selected parameters significantly influenced the responses.

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, no prior work has been conducted with this material and preparation of composites with TiC nanoparticles. Furthermore, no mathematical models have been developed to predict the response values.

Proposes to treat social law contracts by covering the two most important aspects of the contract of employment, and also the collective agreement. Covers the contract of employment in full with all the integral laws explained as required, including its characteristics, written particulars, sources or regulations, with regard to employers, are also covered. Lengthy coverage of the collective agreement is also included, showing legal as well as moral (!) requirements, also included are cases in law that are covered in depth.

This study relies on an integrated model to study the role of instant mobile messaging apps in the pandemic. The COVID-19 pandemic is reshaping different forms of businesses; one of them is digital marketing. Many aspects of digital marketing augmented in response to the consequences of the virus. A comparative study between Pakistan and Iraq is conducted to investigate the resistors of innovation with the mediation of intention toward actual system usage. It examines the behavioral intentions and actual behavior of individuals in response to the resistance toward innovation.

A total of 800 responses were collected through a convenient sampling method from individuals residing in Pakistan and Iraq in the first wave of COVID-19. The data was analyzed through covariance-based structural equation modeling; SPSS and Smart PLS 3.0 were used as efficient data analysis tools in the study.

The results inferred that individuals are faced with resistance to innovation when they adopt innovative technology. It was inferred that technology adoption is not poised through image both in Pakistan and Iraq. Intention toward actual behavior was determined to be a potential mediator, which enhances the stature of the integrated model.

The significance of this study considering practical and theoretical implications is incorporated for marketer’s policymakers and consumers, along with recommendations for future research.