M. Vijaya Kumar, Prasad Sampath, S. Suresh, S.N. Omkar and Ranjan Ganguli
This paper aims to present the design of a stability augmentation system (SAS) in the longitudinal and lateral axes for an unstable helicopter.
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to present the design of a stability augmentation system (SAS) in the longitudinal and lateral axes for an unstable helicopter.
Design/methodology/approach
The feedback controller is designed using linear quadratic regulator (LQR) control with full state feedback and LQR with output feedback approaches. SAS is designed to meet the handling qualities specification known as Aeronautical Design Standard (ADS‐33E‐PRF). A helicopter having a soft inplane four‐bladed hingeless main rotor and a four‐bladed tail rotor with conventional mechanical controls is used for the simulation studies. In the simulation studies, the helicopter is trimmed at hover, low speeds and forward speeds flight conditions. The performance of the helicopter SAS schemes are assessed with respect to the requirements of ADS‐33E‐PRF.
Findings
The SAS in the longitudinal axis meets the requirement of the Level 1 handling quality specifications in hover and low speed as well as for forward speed flight conditions. The SAS in the lateral axis meets the requirement of the Level 2 handling quality specifications in both hover and low speed as well as for forward speed flight conditions. The requirements of the inter axis coupling is also met and shown for the coupled dynamics case. The SAS in lateral axis may require an additional control augmentation system or adaptive control to meet the Level 1 requirements.
Originality/value
The study shows that the design of a SAS using LQR control algorithm with full state and output feedbacks can be used to meet ADS‐33 handling quality specifications.
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The aim of the present work is to study the effect of processing conditions on solidification path and resultant microstructure and further predict the solidification behavior of…
Abstract
Purpose
The aim of the present work is to study the effect of processing conditions on solidification path and resultant microstructure and further predict the solidification behavior of gas-atomized Sn-5mass%Pb droplets.
Design/methodology/approach
Combined with previous models for in-flight droplet nucleation and non-equilibrium solidification, a simulation method is applied to four typical containerless solidification conditions with helium, nitrogen or argon gas at two different gas jet velocities, in the presence of 10 or 500 ppm oxygen. The simulation outputs distribution of primary dendrite composition, tip velocity and tip radius with radial distance from the nucleation point, and the fraction solid at the end of recalescence and the post-recalescence duration. Both surface and internal nucleation are considered. The possible dendritic fragmentation in the post-recalescence stage is also discussed.
Findings
Result indicates that dendritic fragmentation is not likely to occur in droplets solidifying along the paths considered in the simulation.
Originality/value
The simulation method applies to any droplet-based solidification process for which droplet cooling schedule is known and thus provides a scientific basis for powder quality assurance.
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Sampath Boopathi and Sandeep Kautish
Introduction: Cost competitiveness, customer focus, and sustainability compliance are essential for new-age firms to survive and succeed in the VUCA market environment. This study…
Abstract
Introduction: Cost competitiveness, customer focus, and sustainability compliance are essential for new-age firms to survive and succeed in the VUCA market environment. This study examines how automobile corporations have improved cost competitiveness, productivity, and product quality.
Purpose: This study examines the importance of cost competitiveness, customer focus, and sustainability compliance for the long-term survival of organisations in VUCA markets, looking at the practical efforts made by automobile corporations to enhance cost competitiveness, productivity, and quality.
Methodology: The study utilises a comprehensive analysis of the strategies and initiatives implemented by the selected automobile companies. It involves a review of relevant literature, case studies, financial data analysis, and interviews with key industry experts, providing a holistic understanding of the actions taken by these organisations to achieve their goals.
Findings: The study reveals that cost competitiveness, customer focus, and sustainability compliance are critical factors for the long-term survival and success of organisations in the automotive industry. The analysed automobile companies have undertaken practical efforts to improve cost competitiveness, enhance productivity, and ensure high-quality products, enabling them to navigate the challenges and maintain a competitive edge.
Significance: The findings of this study contribute to a deeper understanding of the importance of cost competitiveness, customer focus, and sustainability compliance in the automotive industry. It highlights the need for organisations to constantly monitor both qualitative and quantitative profit to avoid complacency and ensure long-term efficiency. The study’s insights are relevant to businesses operating in other sectors, as they face similar challenges in the VUCA market environment.
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Mohammad Tajul Islam, Mohammad Rafiqur Rashid and Md Rafiqul Islam Rana
The properties of polyester/cotton (PC) fabric after chemical treatments as lining in woolen suits has been investigated, as the purpose of this paper is to study the influence of…
Abstract
Purpose
The properties of polyester/cotton (PC) fabric after chemical treatments as lining in woolen suits has been investigated, as the purpose of this paper is to study the influence of different finishing agents and their concentration on the properties of PC fabrics.
Design/methodology/approach
Three different chemical finishes such as anti-slip finish, softener and moisture management finish were applied to currently popular 80/20 PC pocketing fabric at three different concentration levels. A total of 60 seams were produced from 2/1 twill woolen shell fabric and chemically treated lining. Six important tests defining comfort and seam’s quality of lining fabric were chosen, namely, seam strength, seam slippage, stiffness, drape, water vapor transmission (WVT), abrasion resistance to study its properties and testing were done as per standardized test methods.
Findings
Chemical treatments affect the properties of PC fabric used as lining significantly in terms of seam strength, seam slippage, WVT and abrasion resistance. Among the three applied chemical finishes softener, at 20, 40 and 60 g/l, was found to be the best choice to make PC fabric suitable in terms of seam performance, durability, drape and comfort for use lining in suits with economic advantage.
Originality/value
The paper contributes to understanding the properties of relatively cheap 80/20 PC pocketing fabric used as lining in a suit.
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Peng Zhang, Gwanghee Lee, Chulhee Lee and Hyung Yoon
The purpose of this paper is to carry out research on friction and wear behavior of pin-bushing with magnetorheological fluids (MRFs).
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to carry out research on friction and wear behavior of pin-bushing with magnetorheological fluids (MRFs).
Design/methodology/approach
The oscillation friction characteristics of MRFs with a magnetic field are evaluated by a pin-bushing friction wear tester. The housing is adjusted to apply the magnetic field to MRFs. Experiments are carried out with and without a magnetic field, and the coefficient of friction and temperature on the contact interface are measured. The surfaces of the pin and bushing are also examined by a surface profilometer and an optical microscope before and after tests. The experiment results show a lower coefficient of friction is observed when a magnetic field is applied.
Findings
The temperature is lowest when grease is used. The case when a magnetic field is present shows the higher temperature. The coefficient of friction is higher than grease lubrication when an MRF is applied. The coefficient of friction of the pin-bushing is lowest with grease and highest when a magnetic field is present. The friction coefficient of grease and MRFs decreases as the load increases and remains stable after 3 kN is added. The roughness, surface profile and morphology of the pin show the best results when grease is used as compared with MRFs.
Originality/value
The tribology characteristic of pin-bushing with MRFs shows more deficiency than that with grease. Nevertheless, it is necessary to carry out the research on the friction and wear characteristics of a pin-bushing with MRFs, as it is expected to increase the load-carrying capacity when an MRF is applied to the pin-bush system. Better friction and wear characteristics could be achieved by enhancing the property of MRFs.
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Nachiappan Sukumar, Mekonnen Bayeleyegn and Sampath Aruna
Recently, composites have concerned considerable importance as a potential operational material. Lots of work have been carried out to enhance the mechanical properties of…
Abstract
Purpose
Recently, composites have concerned considerable importance as a potential operational material. Lots of work have been carried out to enhance the mechanical properties of composites. The main aim of this paper is to develop bamboo mat as reinforcing material with bagasse fiber as filler using epoxy resin matrix composite.
Design/methodology/approach
In this research, the effect of fiber surface treatments on mechanical properties of epoxy resin composite with bagasse as filler has been developed and investigated. The extracted bamboo fibers were treated with NaOH to improve the surface roughness fiber. Using treated and untreated bamboo fiber handwoven mat has been produced to be used as reinforcement and bagasse fiber has been converted into powder to be filled as filler. Composite material is fabricated using bamboo fiber and bagasse fiber as filler with epoxy resin as a matrix using hand layup technique.
Findings
Then, tensile, flexural and compressive strength and water absorption tests were conducted on sodium hydroxide treated and untreated fiber composites. The test results comparing with and without alkali treated composites show that there was significant change in their strength and water absorption properties on alkali treated fiber.
Originality/value
This study is an original research paper.
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Prasad G., Abishek P. and Karthick R.
The purpose of this paper is to discuss the special applications of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) for the transport of medical goods.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to discuss the special applications of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) for the transport of medical goods.
Design/methodology/approach
Experimental work has been carried out to predict the performance characteristics of UAVs.
Findings
The results have been obtained to predict the range and endurance of UAVs, which can be optimized based on the payload and source of power.
Originality/value
Real-time applications. As the medical products are necessary in the real time life saving events.
Details
Keywords
V. Raja Sreedharan and R. Raju
The purpose of this paper is to review Lean Six Sigma (LSS) literature and report different definitions, demographics, methodologies and industries.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to review Lean Six Sigma (LSS) literature and report different definitions, demographics, methodologies and industries.
Design/methodology/approach
This paper highlights various definitions by different researchers and practitioners. A total of 235 research papers has been reviewed for the LSS theme, research methodology adopted, type of industry, author profile, country of research and year of publication.
Findings
From the review, four significant LSS classifications were identified that deal with the spread of LSS in different industries followed by observation for classification.
Practical implications
LSS is a strategy for success, but it did not examine its presence in various Industries. From this paper, readers can understand the quantum of its spread before implementing LSS. For academicians, it will be a comprehensive list of papers for research.
Originality/value
This paper reviews 235 research papers for their year, author profile, research methodology and type of industry. Various characteristics of LSS definitions and their theme are also reviewed.
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The purpose of this study is to present a comprehensive review of the fundamental concepts and terminologies pertaining to different types of aluminium metal matrix composites…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study is to present a comprehensive review of the fundamental concepts and terminologies pertaining to different types of aluminium metal matrix composites, their joining techniques and challenges, friction stir welding (FSW) process, post-welding characterizations and basic control theory of FSW, followed by the discussions on the research reports in these areas.
Design/methodology/approach
Joining of aluminium metal matrix composites (Al-MMC) poses many challenges. These materials have their demanding applications in versatile domains, and hence it is essential to understand their weldability and material characteristics. FSW is a feasible choice for joining of Al-MMC over the fusion welding because of the formation of narrow heat affected zone and minimizing the formation of intermetallic compounds at weld interface. The goal in FSW is to generate enough thermal energy by friction between the workpiece and rotating tool. Heat energy is generated by mechanical interaction because of the difference in velocity between the workpiece and rotating tool. In the present work, a detailed survey is done on the above topics and an organised conceptual context is presented. A complete discussion on significance of FSW process parameters, control schemes, parameter optimization and weld quality monitoring are presented, along with the analysis on relation between the interdependent parameters.
Findings
Results from the study present the research gaps in the FSW studies for joining of the aluminium-based metal matrix composites, and they highlight further scope of studies pertaining to this domain.
Originality/value
It is observed that the survey done on FSW of Al-MMCs and their control theory give an insight into the fundamental concepts pertaining to this research area to enhance interdisciplinary technology exploration.
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Rabinarayan Patnaik and Sukanta Kumar Baral
Banking sector is an important subset of any economy and plays a very crucial and significant part in its growth and development. The expansion and credibility of banking sector…
Abstract
Banking sector is an important subset of any economy and plays a very crucial and significant part in its growth and development. The expansion and credibility of banking sector is attributed to the fact that it caters to the financial needs and accordingly provides customised solutions for the people at large. The new millennium has witnessed metamorphosis in the banking sector. The pace and trend of transformation is all set to accelerate in the coming decade. The process of Liberalisation, Privatisation and Globalisation Model (LPG Model) banking practices which being unleashed a few decades back will reach to greater heights as we step into the next decade. The innovative technology has brought about a paradigm shift in all aspects of banking like routine operations, transactions, products and processes, delivery of services in terms of various e-channels, credit administration and credit management, audit and compliance and Fin-Techs partnership. Digital transformations in the banking sector have received much needed thrust because of ‘The Digital India Moment’. The current study attempts to highlight the role of technology in banking and how technology-led innovations and initiatives will determine the business of banking as a whole. The significance of these technology-driven innovations and transformations is that they put both banker and customer in a win-win situation as drawn from existing literature related to financial institutions. The focus is on investigating the digital innovations adopted by the different banks both public and private to understand the economic structural changes resulted out of it.