Barry Eichengreen and Poonam Gupta
This paper aims to survey India's experience with exporting services. The authors seek to show that the country's experience is unique in that modern tradable services are a…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to survey India's experience with exporting services. The authors seek to show that the country's experience is unique in that modern tradable services are a significantly larger share of GDP than in other countries at comparable levels of economic development. This has not always been the case, however; India's out‐performance is limited to recent years. Policy initiatives, from trade reform to liberalization of domestic industrial and service sectors, were important for jump‐starting the process.
Design/methodology/approach
This paper reviews the literature and evidence. It takes a close look at the Indian service sector and specifically information‐technology‐related (IT) services, seeking to situate the growth in service exports from India in its comparative context. The authors document the role that exports of services have played in the performance of the Indian economy in recent years. They seek to pinpoint the “take‐off” in Indian services output and establish the extent to which the country's success in exporting services is exceptional from an international point of view. And they discuss the extent to which India's performance as an exporter of services has been shaped by policies liberalizing the service sector itself and by liberalization of the manufacturing sector.
Findings
Panel and country‐specific regressions for a cross section of countries point to the importance of a range of additional factors: overall economic development, communications infrastructure, access to foreign technology, and spillovers between the merchandise and service exports. Importantly, however, these factors, jointly or individually, do not wipe out the significance of a dummy variable for India. India, evidently, is a significant outlier as an exporter of services, and even more so as the period proceeds.
Originality/value
The paper discusses the country's major policy initiatives, such as trade reforms and liberalization of domestic industrial and service sectors, and their importance for jump‐starting the process of services growth and its exports. Regression results show that, in addition to these policies, other factors such as overall economic development, communications infrastructure, access to foreign technology, and spillovers between the merchandise and service exports were important as well.
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Poonam Gupta, Kalpana Kochhar and Sanjaya Panth
This paper aims to analyze, using the bank-level data for India from 1991-2007, the effect of financial sector liberalization on the availability of credit to the private sector…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to analyze, using the bank-level data for India from 1991-2007, the effect of financial sector liberalization on the availability of credit to the private sector. The authors specifically ask whether public and private banks deployed resources freed up by reduced state preemption to increase credit to the private sector.
Design/methodology/approach
The authors use bank-level data for India from 1991-2007 and difference in difference estimates to analyze how state ownership of banks affected the allocation of credit to the private sector post liberalization, and additionally how the size of fiscal deficit affected this allocation.
Findings
The authors find that post liberalization, public banks continued to allocate a larger share of their assets to government securities, or held more cash, than private banks. Crucially, public banks allocated more resources to hold government securities when fiscal deficit was high. The authors rule out profit maximization, need to hold safer assets or the lack of demand for private credit as the possible reasons for the preference of the public banks to hold government securities. The authors suggest that moral suasion or “laziness” is consistent with this behavior.
Originality/value
Our findings suggest that in developing countries, with fewer alternative channels of financing, government ownership of banks, combined with high fiscal deficit, may limit the gains from financial liberalization.
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Halil Kiymaz and Carlos Humberto Munoz Valdez
Blockchain technology and its applications have recently received the attention of practitioners and academics. Visualizing the full impact these technologies will have on the…
Abstract
Blockchain technology and its applications have recently received the attention of practitioners and academics. Visualizing the full impact these technologies will have on the world is challenging since their adoption is still in the early stages. This chapter explores how blockchain can disrupt the general business and financial world. Blockchain offers information transparency, live data synchronization, and immutable records that prevent fraud. Digital contracts and digital asset management may heavily depend on the development of blockchain and the adoption of smart contracts. Smart contracts can execute financial transactions automatically and enforce all parties' obligations without needing an intermediary and its cost. They can increase speed and simplify processes, reducing licensing ticketing costs and overhead charges. Blockchain also offers technology adoption solutions, like fair payment, cloud storage, smart contracts for financial assets, and international transactions with bilateral double taxation. It has further facilitated the creation of decentralized finance.
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Poonam Sharma, Sanjeev Gupta, Ranjan Aneja and Shradha Attri
The present paper aims to conduct a comprehensive scientific mapping of exchange rate forecasting, highlighting trends, developments, and methodological changes. This will provide…
Abstract
Purpose
The present paper aims to conduct a comprehensive scientific mapping of exchange rate forecasting, highlighting trends, developments, and methodological changes. This will provide research scholars, researchers, and policymakers valuable insights to facilitate predictions.
Design/methodology/approach
The researchers performed a bibliometric analysis of exchange rate forecasting using a scientific search method on the Scopus database from 1991 to 2022. They applied a web interface program called Biblioshiny, part of the Bibliometric package built in R by Aria and Cuccurullo (2017). VOSviewer was used to identify the most influential journals, authors, countries, articles, citations, and co-citations from 1,602 documents.
Findings
The conceptual and intellectual framework of the papers under review provided an in-depth and comprehensive analysis of the domain. The research outcomes provided essential information on the subject matter, highlighting the need for further investigation. The study’s findings demonstrate the evolution of the theory of forecasting exchange rates reflecting continuous developments in the methodologies applied to forecast the exchange rates.
Research limitations/implications
The scientific mapping of the present study’s bibliometric analysis is limited to the Scopus database because of its comprehensive coverage of high-quality journals and predefined structures compatible with Bibliometrix software.
Practical implications
The study provides considerable insight into forecasting exchange rates and their interlinkages. By outlining the social and intellectual structure of the field, it directs upcoming scholars about the relevant topics, contexts and potential collaborations emerging in this field. The study also reveals the critical concerns in the area and leads to potential research opportunities.
Social implications
The study sheds light on emerging trends and approaches to forecasting exchange rates and will provide valuable information and insights to policymakers, economists, investors and decision-makers in the financial sector. It will contribute to prioritising research in overlooked areas and support the formulation of effective policies.
Originality/value
This study contributes significantly by bringing together disparate literature on exchange rate forecasting, highlighting important journals, authors and documents, and examining the recent studies on the foreign exchange rate.
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Poonam Shripad Vatharkar and Meenakshi Aggarwal-Gupta
The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between role overload (RO) and the work–family interface (work–life conflict and work–life enrichment) among bank…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between role overload (RO) and the work–family interface (work–life conflict and work–life enrichment) among bank employees and the moderating effects of personal life characteristics and commitments on this relationship. It aimed to bring out the importance of contextual factors in individual's interactions across various roles.
Design/methodology/approach
A structured questionnaire based on validated instruments was designed and administered to 279 employees from the banking sector in India. The instrument was adapted to the local language to ensure ease of comprehension.
Findings
RO was positively correlated with both work interference with personal life (WIPL) and personal life interference with work (PLIW), and negatively correlated with work–personal life enrichment (WPLE). Gender, number of children and age of the youngest child significantly moderated the relationship between RO and WIPL.
Research limitations/implications
This study was limited by the use of self-reported data and its cross-sectional nature. Future studies will need to include a larger sample with people from across the workplace hierarchy.
Practical implications
This paper provides valuable insight into the influence of personal life characteristics and commitments on RO and the work–family interface.
Originality/value
The banking sector is among the top 10 most stressful workplaces in India due to high work pressure and the threat of competition. These working conditions make it important to understand employee perceptions of RO and its impact on the work–family interface.
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Poonam Kumar, Sumedha Chauhan, Prashant Gupta and Mahadeo Prasad Jaiswal
In mobile banking (m-banking), knowing and understanding trust-related factors can enable bank managers to design suitable strategies for enhancing its overall uptake. Based on…
Abstract
Purpose
In mobile banking (m-banking), knowing and understanding trust-related factors can enable bank managers to design suitable strategies for enhancing its overall uptake. Based on this premise, the present study assesses the relationship of trust in m-banking with technology acceptance and use factors, quality factors, risk factors and a personal factor as well as behavioral outcomes. The study further investigates the moderating influence of Hofstede’s cultural dimensions on these relationships.
Design/methodology/approach
The present study synthesizes the outcomes of 63 quantitative studies on trust in m-banking by using the meta-analysis technique.
Findings
The study finds a significant relationship of trust in m-banking with technology acceptance and use factors, quality factors, risk factors, a personal factor and behavioral outcomes. Additionally, Hofstede’s cultural dimensions, namely power distance, individualism/collectivism, masculinity/femininity and uncertainty avoidance, significantly moderate the majority of the hypothesized relationships.
Research limitations/implications
By reviewing the extant literature, this study provides a comprehensive framework that explains the antecedents and behavioral outcomes of trust in m-banking and determines how these relationships effectively vary across cultures.
Practical implications
The study helps m-banking service providers to understand how trust in m-banking can be enhanced. The study also shows which factors are more impactful in a particular culture.
Originality/value
This is an original study that contributes to the m-banking marketing literature.
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Poonam Solanki and Kuldip Singh Chhikara
The study aims to discern the primary obstacles confronted by the implementing agencies in their efforts to foster financial inclusion through the “Pradhan Mantri MUDRA Yojana”…
Abstract
Purpose
The study aims to discern the primary obstacles confronted by the implementing agencies in their efforts to foster financial inclusion through the “Pradhan Mantri MUDRA Yojana” (PMMY).
Design/methodology/approach
To collect primary data, a semi-structured questionnaire was developed. Around 120 loan officers from the implementing agencies (Scheduled Commercial Banks (SCBs), Regional Rural Banks (RRBs), Small Finance Banks (SFBs), Non-Banking Financial Companies (NBFCs) and Micro- Finance Institutions (MFIs)) of Haryana were randomly selected to fulfill the objectives. To categorize the perceived problems into discrete factors, the “factor analysis” technique was employed. The scales were then regressed on factors linked to the demographic characteristics of the loan officers to validate the hypotheses.
Findings
The study highlighted the primary obstacles impeding the advancement of financial inclusion, which encompass a range of factors. These include challenges in management, infrastructure, politics, finance and technology. Furthermore, the study established the association of the explanatory variables, namely gender, age, educational qualification, location and experience of the officers, with the extracted constraints. Notably, the experience of loan officers emerged as the most influential variable contributing to the promotion of financial inclusion through the scheme.
Originality/value
The current body of literature lacks any empirical investigation focusing on the perspectives of the implementing agencies regarding the challenges they encounter in advancing FI. Given the significance of FI in India, where access to formal financial services remains a critical issue, this research adds value by addressing the gaps in understanding the problems encountered.
Peer review
The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/IJSE-06-2023-0462
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Poonam Kumar, Sumedha Chauhan, Satish Kumar and Prashant Gupta
In mobile banking (m-banking), understanding the factors contributing to customer satisfaction is crucial for bank managers to design effective strategies for enhancing the uptake…
Abstract
Purpose
In mobile banking (m-banking), understanding the factors contributing to customer satisfaction is crucial for bank managers to design effective strategies for enhancing the uptake of mobile banking services. This study assesses the relationships between quality, technology acceptance and credibility factors and behavioural outcomes (actual use, continuance intention and loyalty) and satisfaction with m-banking. It further investigates the moderating influence of economy type, innovation level, connectivity level and sample size on all these relationships.
Design/methodology/approach
The study employs a meta-analysis technique and reviews 54 published studies to investigate the antecedents and consequences of satisfaction with m-banking.
Findings
The study finds a significant relationship between satisfaction with m-banking and quality, technology acceptance and credibility factors and behavioural outcomes. It concludes that the moderating effect of economy type, innovation level, connectivity level and sample size partially moderate the majority of the hypothesized relationships.
Research limitations/implications
Drawing on a comprehensive literature review, this study presents a novel framework elucidating the antecedents and behavioural outcomes of satisfaction with mobile banking. It contributes to the literature by exploring the moderating effects of sample size and country context on the relationships between these factors, presenting important implications for future mobile banking research.
Practical implications
This study has practical implications for m-banking service providers, offering insights into the factors that drive user satisfaction with mobile banking and highlighting the need for tailored strategies in different country contexts.
Originality/value
This study examines the effects of factors leading to satisfaction and the subsequent outcomes within the context of m-banking. The findings offer fresh perspectives that can be valuable for managers and policymakers, enabling them to enhance customer satisfaction in the realm of m-banking.
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Poonam Sahoo, Pavan Kumar Saraf and Rashmi Uchil
The banking sector is more revolutionized than ever, with advanced technologies driving a seismic change in the financial industry. This study aims to understand how digital…
Abstract
Purpose
The banking sector is more revolutionized than ever, with advanced technologies driving a seismic change in the financial industry. This study aims to understand how digital technologies influence banking sector employees and their perception of working in an era of Banking 4.0.
Design/methodology/approach
This study incorporated qualitative analysis to gain different insights from diverse respondents from banking industries. A purposive sampling method was adopted, and semistructured interviews were conducted, taking a sample of 72 respondents. All the transcripts were then analyzed using NVivo.
Findings
The findings focus on challenges related to understanding technology phenomena, managing changes, infrastructure, skills, competitiveness and regulatory mechanisms. This is further followed by the favorable impact of Banking 4.0 on employees and future avenues, such as innovation in financial services, work productivity, career opportunities and change management, banking 4.0 and banking 5.0, and banking 4.0 management strategies identified as the significant findings.
Practical implications
This study provides guidelines for Banking 4.0 provision strategy and conceptual reference toward the development of Banking 4.0. It also supports the Enhanced Access and Service Excellence 4.0 program, driven by the Indian Bank’s Association, to focus more on digitization, automation and data analytics.
Originality/value
The novelty of this research provides a qualitative hierarchy of significant challenges, favorable impacts and future research avenues of Banking 4.0 in the Indian banking sector.