Hitesh S. Vaid, Kanwar Devesh Singh, Helen H. Lou, Daniel Chen and Peyton Richmond
This paper aims to present a novel run time combustion zoning (RTCZ) technique based on the working principle of eddy dissipation concept (EDC) for combustion modeling. This…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to present a novel run time combustion zoning (RTCZ) technique based on the working principle of eddy dissipation concept (EDC) for combustion modeling. This technique selectively chooses cells in which the full reaction mechanism needs to be solved. The selection criterion is based on the concept of differentiating between combustion and the non-combustion zone. With this approach, considerable reduction in computational load and stability of the solution was observed and even the number of iterations required to achieve a stable solution was significantly reduced.
Design/methodology/approach
Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations of real life combustion problems such as industrial scale flares, fuel fired furnaces and IC engines are difficult due to the strong interactions of chemistry with turbulence as well as the wide range distribution of time and length scales. In addition, comprehensive chemical mechanisms for hydrocarbon combustion may include hundreds of species and thousands of reactions that are known in detail for only a limited number of fuels. Even with the most advanced computers, accurate simulation of these problems is not easy. Hence, the modeler needs to have strategies to either simplify the chemistry or to improve the computational efficiency.
Findings
The EDC turbulence model has been widely used for treating the interaction between turbulence and the chemistry in combustion problems. In an EDC model, combustion is assumed to occur in a constant pressure reactor, with initial conditions taken as the concentration of the current species and temperature in the cell. With these assumptions, EDC solves the full or simplified reaction mechanism in all the grid cells at all iterations.
Originality/value
This paper presents a novel RTCZ technique for improving the computational efficiency, when the EDC model is used in CFD modeling. Considerable reduction in computational time and stability of the solution can be achieved. It was also observed that the number of iterations required to achieve a converged solution was significantly reduced.
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Leighann Neilson and Erin Barkel
This paper aims to present a history of the marketing of hope chests in the USA, focusing in particular on one very successful sales promotion, the Lane Company’s Girl Graduate…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to present a history of the marketing of hope chests in the USA, focusing in particular on one very successful sales promotion, the Lane Company’s Girl Graduate Plan. The Girl Graduate Plan is placed within its historical context to better understand the socioeconomic forces that contributed to its success for a considerable period but ultimately led to decreased demand for the product.
Design/methodology/approach
The history of the marketing of hope or marriage chests draws upon primary sources located in the Lane Company Collection at the Virginia Museum of History and Culture. Secondary sources and images of advertising culled from Google image searches provided additional insight into the operation of the company’s Girl Graduate Plan.
Findings
While the Lane Company benefitted in the form of increased sales, profit and brand awareness and loyalty from prevailing socio-economic trends, which supported the success of its Girl Graduate Plan, including targeting the youth market, this promotion ultimately fell victim to the company’s failure to stay abreast of social changes related to the role of women in society.
Research limitations/implications
Like all historical research, this research is dependent upon the historical sources that are accessible. The authors combined documents available from the Virginia Historical Society archives with online searches, but other data sources may well exist.
Practical implications
This history investigates how one manufacturer, a leader in the North American industry, collaborated with furniture dealers to promote their products to young women who were about to become the primary decision makers for the purchase of home furnishings. As such, it provides an historical example of the power of successful collaboration with channel partners. It also provides an example of innovation within an already crowded market.
Social implications
The hope chest as an object of material culture can be found in many cultures worldwide. It has variously represented a woman’s coming of age, the love relationship between a couple and a family’s social status. It has also served as a woman’s store of wealth. This history details how changing social values influenced the popularity of the hope chest tradition in the USA.
Originality/value
The history of the marketing of hope chests is an area that has not been seriously considered in consumption histories or in histories of marketing practices to date, in spite of the continuing sentimental appeal for many consumers.
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Anna Marie Johnson, Sarah Jent and Latisha Reynolds
The purpose of this paper is to provide a selected bibliography of recent resources on library instruction and information literacy.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to provide a selected bibliography of recent resources on library instruction and information literacy.
Design/methodology/approach
The paper identifies and annotates periodical articles, monographs, and audiovisual material, in the area of library instruction and information literacy.
Findings
The paper provides information about each source, discusses the characteristics of current scholarship, and describes sources that contain unique scholarly contributions and quality reproductions.
Originality/value
The information in the paper may be used by librarians and interested parties as a quick reference to literature on library instruction and information literacy.
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Silvia Massa and Stefania Testa
This paper aims to study the role of ideology in brand strategy with reference to large‐scale food retailing. By means of a thorough case study investigation of highly…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to study the role of ideology in brand strategy with reference to large‐scale food retailing. By means of a thorough case study investigation of highly ideology‐focused food retailer Eataly, the paper aims to enrich existing theory on retailer branding. The various elements of Eataly's brand have been studied in order to identify how they enact the ideology for which the retailer stands. This topic is particularly relevant in a context where consumers appear increasingly committed to social responsibility and business ethics. So the final goal of the paper is to identify ideology‐focused brand choices that lead to a preference towards the retailer.
Design/methodology/approach
In order to address this paper's research aim, a well known framework developed by Esbjerg and Bech‐Larsen is adopted to conceptualize the retail brand. Case study methodology is applied.
Findings
This paper provides both research‐related and practical contributions. From a research perspective, it provides empirical evidence on the role of ideology in large‐scale food retailing, a field which has been traditionally neglected in the ideology debate. From a practical perspective, it provides a contribution to retailers and brand managers. Three main lessons can be mentioned. First, a company's ideology should be pervasively applied to each aspect of a brand and it seems to be primarily situated within tangible and physical attributes, rather than within symbolic features, at least in the case investigated. Second, an explicit ideology is not exempt from risks. Third, ideology can be subject to multiple interpretations that may give rise to unintended consequences.
Research limitations/implications
This study tries to attenuate the reliability issues that are inherent in qualitative research by interviewing multiple informants with different positions inside the company. Triangulation using different types of data sources and systematic data analysis was also employed.
Originality/value
The paper raises the importance of ideology in large‐scale food retailing. It adopts the Esbjerg and Bech‐Larsen framework and introduces the dimension of ideology as a lens through which each aspect of a brand can be interpreted. Moreover, it suggests that a brand's functional attributes play more of a leading role in transmitting ideology than symbolic features, which is somewhat counterintuitive.
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The Board of Agriculture, by virtue of the powers conferred upon them by the Sale of Food and Drugs Act, 1899, have made regulations whereby it may be presumed, until the contrary…
Abstract
The Board of Agriculture, by virtue of the powers conferred upon them by the Sale of Food and Drugs Act, 1899, have made regulations whereby it may be presumed, until the contrary is proved, that milk containing less than 8·5 per cent. of solids‐not‐fat, or less than 3 per cent of fat, is adulterated within the meaning of the Act. The suggested limit for fat in milk recommended by the special committee appointed by the Board of Agriculture was 3·per cent., and it will therefore be observed that the new regulations have fixed a standard for milk‐fat which is even lower than the low limit recommended by the committee. There are even rumours that a further lowering of this standard is to bo urged upon the authorities. Although from the point of view of Public Analysts and the officials responsible for the enforcement of the Food and Drugs Acts it is satisfactory that an official standard for the composition of milk has at last been set up, it is idle to suppose that the fixing of such a limit will materially improve the character of the milk‐supply as a whole. It should be remembered that milk which contains only 3 per cent of fat, although under the new regulations legally “genuine,” is, as a matter of fact, of the poorest quality, and is only produced by a cow when in bad condition, or by a particular breed of cow which is remarkable more for the quantity than for the quality of the fluid yielded. Producers and vendors of milk of good quality have been placed in a very unfortunate position by the new regulations, as the tendency of the trade will be to lower all milk to the official limits, with the result that those dealers who are still desirous of maintaining a high standard of quality will have to compete in the matter of price with less conscientious traders, who, taking advantage of the protection afforded by the regulations, will be enabled to sell to the public “genuine” milk, from which all “superfluous” fat has been removed. Gradation of quality in an article of food cannot, of course, be provided for by official regulation, and for the purpose of legal classification it is only possible to differentiate between legally “genuine” and adulterated articles. Therefore, in a legal sense, and also in a popular sense, a milk containing 4 per cent. of fat is no more “ genuine ” than one containing 3 per cent., although the former is, of course, a superior article. Competition in the dairy trade, which has of late years become very keen, will, as the result of the fixing of this standard, become more acute than before, and to keep their position it will be necessary for those milk‐vendors who are desirous of maintaining their reputation as vendors of milk of good quality to give to their customers some guarantee that their product is indeed superior to the legalised article. Any statements of the traders themselves upon this point will naturally be received by customers with reserve, as proceeding from an interested source, and the guarantee, to be effective, must therefore be given by an authority whose statements are above suspicion. It is hero that the system of Control will be found to be a necessity both to the milk dealer and milk consumer.
This chapter presents performance pedagogy as an interdisciplinary construct and potential bridge between history-based performance and classroom teaching. This chapter proposes…
Abstract
This chapter presents performance pedagogy as an interdisciplinary construct and potential bridge between history-based performance and classroom teaching. This chapter proposes Living History in the Classroom: Performance and Pedagogy's central theme: that storytelling and historical interpretation are effective teaching tools. These techniques are integral at many public history settings for on-site and outreach education; Freeman Tilden's foundational 1957 interpretive guidelines for America's national parks paired engagement with education and still influence the public history field. Yet, a review of related literature suggests that limited attention has been paid to translating these techniques for educators' use, whether as performers, as mentors for their students, or in collaborating with historic sites. The pedagogy inherent in storytelling and interpretive performance aligns with their potential instructional value, as has been documented for educator's performance pedagogy in the arts. Similarly, the continuing need to engage current and new audiences impacts how these organizations conduct educational programs and visitor attractions. In the same respect, PK-16 educators and administrators consistently seek best practices for engaging today's Generation Z students (born between 1997 and 2012) and the generation that follows, termed Generation Alpha (McCrindle, 2020). This chapter features a performance pedagogy model that combines historical and instructional objectives that draw from research and observation of first-person interpreters performing in teacher professional development workshops and the author's personal instructional and interpretive experience. This chapter contains a related interview with a noted historian-performer and for educators' use, a worksheet with guiding questions to create or analyze a historical character, educational content, related pedagogy, and key aspects of a performance.
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The only comprehensive list of British medical libraries hitherto available has been that in The Aslib directory 1928, and there is an extended account of those in London in…
Abstract
The only comprehensive list of British medical libraries hitherto available has been that in The Aslib directory 1928, and there is an extended account of those in London in Reginald Rye, The students' guide to the libraries of London (3rd ed., 1927), pp. 362–77. The new list, here put forward, is intended to bring the information from those two books of reference up to date, after nearly twenty years. British libraries are briefly listed among ‘Medical libraries outside North America’ in the Medical Library Association's A handbook of medical library practice, ed. Janet Doe, Chicago, American library association 1943, chapter 1, appendix 2, pages 41–64. The meagre information in that list, if contrasted with the detailed documentation of American and Canadian libraries in successive issues of the American medical directory, accentuates the need for us to know ourselves better. Several, perhaps many, medical librarians have had to compile lists of kindred libraries for their own convenience. A list which I had thus prepared seemed to Aslib to offer adequate basis for a Directory of British medical libraries, and in order to complete it Aslib issued a questionnaire in the autumn of 1944 to libraries known to possess medical collections and to hospitals, medical societies, and medical institutions throughout the British Isles. The information obtained from the generous response to this questionnaire is epitomized in the list which follows. I am responsible for all omissions and errors and I hope that those who detect any will supply corrections and additions so that this preliminary list may be revised and become a definitive Directory.
Mahvia Gul, Aniqa Kanwal and Husnain Ali Chaudhry
Caregivers for older adults play a crucial role in protecting those diagnosed with dementia. These caregivers often experience heightened anxiety, depression and burdens…
Abstract
Purpose
Caregivers for older adults play a crucial role in protecting those diagnosed with dementia. These caregivers often experience heightened anxiety, depression and burdens associated with their responsibilities. Sufficient support and efficient coping mechanisms alleviate distress and caregiving burdens, thereby enhancing and protecting adults. Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) fosters acceptance of internal experiences and promotes behaviors aligned with personal values. This single-arm pilot study aims to evaluate the feasibility, acceptability and preliminary effects of an online ACT intervention (Online Acceptance and Commitment Therapy Intervention for Caregivers [OACTIC]) on well-being aspects among dementia caregivers, emphasizing the importance of tailored interventions to protect older adults and their caregivers.
Design/methodology/approach
The caregiver must be ≥21 years of age (i.e. a parent, spouse, partner, sibling or adult child), or they must be the primary caregiver of older adults with dementia for ≥12 months and have scores that indicate moderate or higher on the scale of anxiety, depression and poor quality of life. Participants received an online-based ACT over six weekly 1-h sessions. The following outcome measures were administered at baseline (T1), immediately post-intervention (T2) and three-month follow-up (T3): Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7, Patient Health Questionnaire-9, Zarit Burden Interview, The Experience of Suffering Measure and Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-II.
Findings
All 45 participants completed the study, with 93.3% rating their OACTIC experience as “completely satisfied.”
Originality/value
OACTIC (Trial Registration# AEARCTR-0012366) is a novel study conducted in Pakistan, offering a cost-effective and time-efficient treatment approach that enhances the psychological well-being and protects older adults and their caregivers.