Previous studies employing the behavioral theory of the firm have not explicitly taken the roles of decision makers and corporate governance into consideration. The purpose of…
Abstract
Purpose
Previous studies employing the behavioral theory of the firm have not explicitly taken the roles of decision makers and corporate governance into consideration. The purpose of this paper is to fill in this gap by integrating CEO overconfidence and discretion into the performance feedback mechanism.
Design/methodology/approach
Financial data were collected from 1,730 Chinese listed companies in the period 2011–2015. Firm-level patent application data were collected for 1988–2015 to measure firm patent application rhythm. Hypothesis testing relied on the fixed effect panel data model.
Findings
There is a positive relationship between performance discrepancy and a firm’s patent application rhythm. CEO overconfidence will weaken this positive relationship. The negative moderating effect of CEO overconfidence will be less pronounced when CEO discretion is high.
Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this work is the first empirical study that investigates the roles of CEO overconfidence and discretion in shaping the performance feedback mechanism.
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Contemporary stochastic optimal control by synergy of the probability density evolution method (PDEM) and conventional optimal controller exhibits less capability to guarantee…
Abstract
Purpose
Contemporary stochastic optimal control by synergy of the probability density evolution method (PDEM) and conventional optimal controller exhibits less capability to guarantee economical energy consumption versus control efficacy when non-stationary stochastic excitations drive hysteretic structures. In this regard, a novel multiscale stochastic optimal controller is invented based on the wavelet transform and the PDEM.
Design/methodology/approach
For a representative point, a conventional control law is decomposed into sub-control laws by deploying the multiresolution analysis. Then, the sub-control laws are classified into two generic control laws using resonant and non-resonant bands. Both frequency bands are established by employing actual natural frequency(ies) of structure, making computed efforts depend on actual structural properties and time-frequency effect of non-stationary stochastic excitations. Gain matrices in both bands are then acquired by a probabilistic criterion pertaining to system second-order statistics assessment. A multi-degree-of-freedom hysteretic structure driven by non-stationary and non-Gaussian stochastic ground accelerations is numerically studied, in which three distortion scenarios describing uncertainties in structural properties are considered.
Findings
Time-frequency-dependent gain matrices sophisticatedly address non-stationary stochastic excitations, providing efficient ways to independently suppress vibrations between resonant and non-resonant bands. Wavelet level, natural frequency(ies), and ratio of control forces in both bands influence the scheme’s outcomes. Presented approach outperforms existing approach in ensuring trade-off under uncertainty and randomness in system and excitations.
Originality/value
Presented control law generates control efforts relying upon resonant and non-resonant bands, and deploys actual structural properties. Cost-function weights and probabilistic criterion are promisingly developed, achieving cost-effectiveness of energy demand versus controlled structural performance.
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Joonhwan In, Randy Bradley, Bogdan C. Bichescu and Sumin Han
This study aims to examine the performance implications of an information governance (IG) framework for managing, controlling access to and securing information, focusing on (1…
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to examine the performance implications of an information governance (IG) framework for managing, controlling access to and securing information, focusing on (1) the performance benefits of an organization's IG orientation and (2) how the configuration of IG orientation and supply chain (SC) strategy type relate to performance outcomes.
Design/methodology/approach
This study leverages multiple secondary sources for US hospitals, serving as the context for the study. It also employs cluster analysis to develop an SC strategy taxonomy, namely sophisticated and delivery-focused SC strategies. The proposed research model is tested using a robust regression to mitigate the influence of outliers and produce more accurate estimates.
Findings
IG orientation is positively associated with financial performance and patient experience, and IG-oriented hospitals with a sophisticated SC strategy realize more financial benefits and achieve better patient care experiences compared to other configurations. Regardless of SC strategy type, IG-oriented hospitals offer better care experiences than non-IG-oriented hospitals.
Practical implications
This paper offers empirical evidence that a hospital's IG orientation and SC strategy jointly affect financial outcomes and patient experience. For hospitals, an organization-wide framework for governing information streamlines both intra- and inter-organizational information flows and improves care delivery throughout a patient's care experience.
Originality/value
This is one of a few studies that empirically examine the performance implications of governance of information in the domain of supply chain management (SCM). This study also develops an SC strategy taxonomy for the healthcare context and offers a springboard for research in service SC strategy.
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Shuxin Ding, Tao Zhang, Kai Sheng, Yuanyuan Chen and Zhiming Yuan
The intelligent Central Traffic Control (CTC) system plays a vital role in establishing an intelligent high-speed railway (HSR) system. As the core of HSR transportation command…
Abstract
Purpose
The intelligent Central Traffic Control (CTC) system plays a vital role in establishing an intelligent high-speed railway (HSR) system. As the core of HSR transportation command, the intelligent CTC system is a new HSR dispatching command system that integrates the widely used CTC in China with the practical service requirements of intelligent dispatching. This paper aims to propose key technologies and applications for intelligent dispatching command in HSR in China.
Design/methodology/approach
This paper first briefly introduces the functions and configuration of the intelligent CTC system. Some new servers, terminals and interfaces are introduced, which are plan adjustment server/terminal, interface for automatic train operation (ATO), interface for Dynamic Monitoring System of Train Control Equipment (DMS), interface for Power Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (PSCADA), interface for Disaster Monitoring, etc.
Findings
The key technologies applied in the intelligent CTC system include automatic adjustment of train operation plans, safety control of train routes and commands, traffic information data platform, integrated simulation of traffic dispatching and ATO function. These technologies have been applied in the Beijing-Zhangjiakou HSR, which commenced operations at the end of 2019. Implementing these key intelligent functions has improved the train dispatching command capacity, ensured the safe operation of intelligent HSR, reduced the labor intensity of dispatching operators and enhanced the intelligence level of China's dispatching system.
Originality/value
This paper provides further challenges and research directions for the intelligent dispatching command of HSR. To achieve the objectives, new measures need to be conducted, including the development of advanced technologies for intelligent dispatching command, coping with new requirements with the development of China's railway signaling system, the integration of traffic dispatching and train control and the application of AI and data-driven modeling and methods.
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Yaxin Peng, Naiwu Wen, Chaomin Shen, Xiaohuang Zhu and Shihui Ying
Partial alignment for 3 D point sets is a challenging problem for laser calibration and robot calibration due to the unbalance of data sets, especially when the overlap of data…
Abstract
Purpose
Partial alignment for 3 D point sets is a challenging problem for laser calibration and robot calibration due to the unbalance of data sets, especially when the overlap of data sets is low. Geometric features can promote the accuracy of alignment. However, the corresponding feature extraction methods are time consuming. The purpose of this paper is to find a framework for partial alignment by an adaptive trimmed strategy.
Design/methodology/approach
First, the authors propose an adaptive trimmed strategy based on point feature histograms (PFH) coding. Second, they obtain an initial transformation based on this partition, which improves the accuracy of the normal direction weighted trimmed iterative closest point (ICP) method. Third, they conduct a series of GPU parallel implementations for time efficiency.
Findings
The initial partition based on PFH feature improves the accuracy of the partial registration significantly. Moreover, the parallel GPU algorithms accelerate the alignment process.
Research limitations/implications
This study is applicable to rigid transformation so far. It could be extended to non-rigid transformation.
Practical implications
In practice, point set alignment for calibration is a technique widely used in the fields of aircraft assembly, industry examination, simultaneous localization and mapping and surgery navigation.
Social implications
Point set calibration is a building block in the field of intelligent manufacturing.
Originality/value
The contributions are as follows: first, the authors introduce a novel coarse alignment as an initial calibration by PFH descriptor similarity, which can be viewed as a coarse trimmed process by partitioning the data to the almost overlap part and the rest part; second, they reduce the computation time by GPU parallel coding during the acquisition of feature descriptor; finally, they use the weighted trimmed ICP method to refine the transformation.
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The purpose of this paper is to present some dynamic hesitant fuzzy aggregation operators to tackle with the multi-period decision-making problems where all decision information…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to present some dynamic hesitant fuzzy aggregation operators to tackle with the multi-period decision-making problems where all decision information is provided by decision makers in hesitant fuzzy information from different periods.
Design/methodology/approach
First, the notions and operational laws of the hesitant fuzzy variable are defined. Then, some dynamic hesitant fuzzy aggregation operators involve the dynamic hesitant fuzzy weighted averaging (DHFWA) operator, the dynamic hesitant fuzzy weighted geometric (DHFWG) operator, and their generalized versions are presented. Some desirable properties of these proposed operators are established. Furthermore, two linguistic quantifier-based methods are introduced to determine the weights of periods. Next, the paper extends the results to the interval-valued hesitant fuzzy situation. Furthermore, the authors develop an approach to solve the multi-period multiple criteria decision making (MPMCDM) problems. Finally, an illustrative example is given.
Findings
The presented hesitant fuzzy aggregation operators are very suitable for aggregating the hesitant fuzzy information collected at different periods. The developed approach can solve the MPMCDM problems where all decision information takes the form of hesitant fuzzy information collected at different periods.
Practical implications
The presented hesitant fuzzy aggregation operators and decision-making approach can widely apply to dynamic decision analysis, multi-stage decision analysis in real life.
Originality/value
The paper presents the useful way to aggregate the hesitant fuzzy information collected at different periods in MPMCDM situations.
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Lyuyuan Wang, Jian Huang, Yong Peng, Yang Jia and Rong Ni
This paper aims to evaluate the corrosion resistance of fusion zones in different heat treated condition from laser welded Mg-Gd-Y alloys and analyze their intrinsic corrosion…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to evaluate the corrosion resistance of fusion zones in different heat treated condition from laser welded Mg-Gd-Y alloys and analyze their intrinsic corrosion mechanism.
Design/methodology/approach
The corrosion behavior of fusion zone from laser-welded Mg-Gd-Y alloy joints in the as-welded, ageing and solution + ageing conditions was investigated in the 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution by immersion tests.
Findings
The corroded surface of as-welded fusion zone consists of dark and bright regions, and the bright regions were composed of high-density needle-like products, whereas some different extended direction of the cracks with lots of long ultrafine needle-shaped corrosion products appeared in the dark regions. The corrosion resistance of the fusion zone is slightly decreased after the ageing treatment.
Originality/value
The solution + ageing treated fusion zone exhibits the highest corrosion resistance than that of the as-welded and ageing treated state because of the full dissolution of the cathodic coarse eutectic compound, grains growth and relatively compact protective films. The inhomogeneous distribution of the β′ can somewhat improve the corrosion rate of solution + ageing treated fusion zone when compared with base metal.
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Dongliang Sun, Jinliang Xu and Peng Ding
Based on the numerical research on the relationship between the flow pattern transition and the condensation heat transfer in circular microchannels, the purpose of this paper is…
Abstract
Purpose
Based on the numerical research on the relationship between the flow pattern transition and the condensation heat transfer in circular microchannels, the purpose of this paper is to bring forward a concept of external separation circular microchannel to regulate and control the flow pattern for enhancing the condensation heat transfer.
Design/methodology/approach
The numerical research is based on the volume of fluid method and the vapor-liquid phase change model proposed by the present authors.
Findings
By numerical research on the condensation process of water in a general circular microchannel, it is discovered that, with the increase of the inlet velocity and the reduction of the temperature difference between the saturation temperature and the channel wall temperature, the bubble detachment frequency is raised and the water vapor condensation length is extended, representing an exponential growth. Therefore, for the condensation process with low temperature difference and high mass flow rate, it is in urgent need to regulate and control the flow pattern.
Originality/value
To prevent the flow pattern in the general circular microchannel converted from annular flow to slug flow and then to bubble flow, this paper brings forward a concept of external separation circular microchannel, which regulates and controls the flow pattern by discharging partial liquid from the annular wall opening. After regulation and control, the flow pattern is converted from original periodic annular flow/slug flow/bubble flow to current stable annular flow. Accordingly, the heat transfer performance is enhanced and the condensation length is lowered remarkably.
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Yuxin Shan and Vernon J. Richardson
Managerial accounting has traditionally played an important role in analyzing data, estimating performance, and offering suggestions. Modern management accountants face evolving…
Abstract
Managerial accounting has traditionally played an important role in analyzing data, estimating performance, and offering suggestions. Modern management accountants face evolving expectations, such as contributing strategically to long-term goals and communicating information using visualizations. We specifically focus on how managerial accounting courses and textbooks should integrate data analytics to better prepare accounting students for the current working requirements. This study presents survey findings encompassing perspectives from 23 accounting professors and 46 practitioners. The survey revealed a prevalent endorsement for data analytics integration, with 91% of practitioners and 78% of professors advocating for inclusion. Specifically, 64% of professors support substantial integration compared to 36% of practitioners. About 25% of both groups believe in discussing data analytics in every management accounting topic if not deeply integrated. This study significantly contributes to accounting education literature by combining insights from educators and practitioners regarding the inclusion of data analytics in management accounting. While professors offer guidance on essential materials and practices, practitioners enrich the discussion with practical, workplace-relevant techniques.
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Abstract
Purpose
On-ramp merging areas are typical bottlenecks in the freeway network since merging on-ramp vehicles may cause intensive disturbances on the mainline traffic flow and lead to various negative impacts on traffic efficiency and safety. The connected and autonomous vehicles (CAVs), with their capabilities of real-time communication and precise motion control, hold a great potential to facilitate ramp merging operation through enhanced coordination strategies. This paper aims to present a comprehensive review of the existing ramp merging strategies leveraging CAVs, focusing on the latest trends and developments in the research field.
Design/methodology/approach
The review comprehensively covers 44 papers recently published in leading transportation journals. Based on the application context, control strategies are categorized into three categories: merging into sing-lane freeways with total CAVs, merging into sing-lane freeways with mixed traffic flows and merging into multilane freeways.
Findings
Relevant literature is reviewed regarding the required technologies, control decision level, applied methods and impacts on traffic performance. More importantly, the authors identify the existing research gaps and provide insightful discussions on the potential and promising directions for future research based on the review, which facilitates further advancement in this research topic.
Originality/value
Many strategies based on the communication and automation capabilities of CAVs have been developed over the past decades, devoted to facilitating the merging/lane-changing maneuvers at freeway on-ramps. Despite the significant progress made, an up-to-date review covering these latest developments is missing to the authors’ best knowledge. This paper conducts a thorough review of the cooperation/coordination strategies that facilitate freeway on-ramp merging using CAVs, focusing on the latest developments in this field. Based on the review, the authors identify the existing research gaps in CAV ramp merging and discuss the potential and promising future research directions to address the gaps.