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Article
Publication date: 28 March 2023

Yanhong Yan, Chengwen Yang, Wenbin Dong, Pengjuan Yan, Peilong Wang, Xiaocui Yan and Zhining Jia

This paper aims to investigate the tribological properties of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) composites modified by nano-serpentine and nano-lanthanum oxide in a seawater…

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Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to investigate the tribological properties of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) composites modified by nano-serpentine and nano-lanthanum oxide in a seawater environment.

Design/methodology/approach

In this paper, seven PTFE composites were prepared by unified design method and vacuum thermoforming method, and their hardness, water absorption and tribological properties were measured under seawater environment. The modification effects and thermal stability of the materials were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermal gravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry. This paper analyzed the wear mechanism of PTFE composites by scanning electron microscopy and energy spectroscopy.

Findings

The results showed that the hardness of the PTFE composites were all improved, but the water absorption was increased with the increase of additives. The modification of nano-serpentine was successful and the thermal stability of PTFE composites was better. The lowest coefficient and minimum wear rate are 0.0267 and 8.67 × 10−5 · mm3 · (N · m)−1 respectively, which is 34.9% and 76% less than the pure PTFE.

Originality/value

The analysis showed that the wear mechanism of PTFE composites was abrasive wear and a small amount of adhesive wear, and when the additive content was appropriate, it easily formed a transfer film on the surface mating parts.

Details

Industrial Lubrication and Tribology, vol. 75 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0036-8792

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Article
Publication date: 4 September 2017

Wang Chengmin, Yang Xuefeng, Cai Xiguang, Ma Tao, Li Yunxi and Song Peilong

This paper aims to thrash out friction and wear properties of automobile brake lining reinforced by lignin fiber and glass fiber in braking process.

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Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to thrash out friction and wear properties of automobile brake lining reinforced by lignin fiber and glass fiber in braking process.

Design/methodology/approach

ABAQUS finite element software was used to analyze thermo-mechanical coupled field of friction materials. XD-MSM constant speed friction testing machine was used to test friction and wear properties of friction material. Worn surface morphology and mechanism of friction materials were observed by using scanning electron microscope.

Findings

The results show that when the temperature was below 350°C, worn mechanism of MFBL was mainly fatigue wear and abrasive wear, and worn mechanism of GFBL was mainly fatigue wear because MFBL contained lignin fiber. Therefore, it exhibits better mechanical properties and friction and wear properties than those of GFBL.

Originality/value

Lignin fiber can improve mechanical properties and friction and wear properties of the automobile brake lining.

Details

Industrial Lubrication and Tribology, vol. 69 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0036-8792

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Article
Publication date: 13 May 2020

Umm E. Habiba, Shen Peilong, Wenlong Zhang and Kashif Hamid

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the cointegration and volatility spillover dynamics between the USA and South Asian stock markets, namely, India, Pakistan and Sri…

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Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the cointegration and volatility spillover dynamics between the USA and South Asian stock markets, namely, India, Pakistan and Sri Lanka. The main objective of this study is to provide the knowledge about integration of financial market and volatility spillovers before, during and after global financial crisis to investors, fund managers and policy-makers.

Design/methodology/approach

The Johansen and Juselius cointegration test, Granger Causality test and bivaraite EGARCH model have been applied in this study to examine integration and volatility spillovers between selected stock markets.

Findings

The findings show that long-term integration between the USA market and South Asian emerging stock markets. It is found that USA stock market has causal relationship with emerging stock markets in short-term. The findings of EGARCH model reveal that asymmetric volatility spillover effects significant in all selected stock markets in pre, during and post-crisis periods. Furthermore, significant volatility spillover is found from stock markets of USA to all selected South Asian markets during and post-crisis periods. However, volatility spillovers from USA to India and Sri-Lanka markets are significant, while insignificant in case of Pakistani market in pre-crisis period. Overall, we find that returns and volatility spillover effects are higher in financial crisis period as compared to non-financial crisis period.

Practical implications

The findings of this paper have important implications for investors, portfolio managers and policy-makers. They can take potential benefits from international portfolio diversification by considering all these facts. The understanding and knowledge of across volatility transmission help them to maximize the gains from diversification and minimize the risk. Policy-makers can develop such strategies which protect the markets of these economies from future financial crisis.

Originality/value

Although in finance literature numerous studies have been conducted on integration between different stock markets, most of the studies investigated the integration and volatility spillovers between developed stock markets. However, many studies also analyzed the integration among emerging stock markets in literature review but it is hard to find studies in the context of South Asian stock markets on the effect of global financial crisis on stock markets. The main contribution of this study is to investigate the stock markets integration and volatility transmission between the USA and South Asia by considering the effect of recent 2007 US subprime financial crisis.

Details

Journal of Asia Business Studies, vol. 14 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1558-7894

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Book part
Publication date: 13 May 2024

Mohamed Ismail Mohamed Riyath, Narayanage Jayantha Dewasiri, Mohamed Abdul Majeed Mohamed Siraju, Athambawa Jahfer and Kiran Sood

Purpose: This study investigates internal/own shock in the domestic market and three external volatility spillovers from India, the UK, and the USA to the Sri Lanka stock market…

Abstract

Purpose: This study investigates internal/own shock in the domestic market and three external volatility spillovers from India, the UK, and the USA to the Sri Lanka stock market.

Need for the Study: The external market’s internal/own shocks and volatility spillovers influence portfolio choices in domestic stock market returns. Hence, it is required to investigate the internal shock in the domestic market and the external volatility spillovers from other countries.

Methodology: This study employs a quantitative method using ARMA(1,1)-GARCH(1,1) model. All Share Price Index (ASPI) is the proxy for the Colombo Stock Exchange (CSE) stock return. It uses daily time-series data from 1st April 2010 to 21st June 2023.

Findings: The findings revealed that internal/own and external shocks substantially impact the stock price volatility in CSE. Significant volatility clusters and persistence with extended memory in ASPI confirm internal/own shock in the market. Furthermore, CSE receives significant volatility shock from the USA, confirming external shock. This study’s findings highlight the importance of considering internal and external shocks in portfolio decision-making.

Practical Implications: Understanding the influence of internal shocks helps investors manage their portfolios and adapt to market volatility. Recognising significant volatility spillovers from external markets, especially the USA, informs diversification strategies. From a policy standpoint, the study emphasises the need for robust regulations and risk management measures to address shocks in domestic and global markets. This study adds value to the literature by assessing the sources of volatility shocks in the CSE, employing the ARMA-GARCH, a sophisticated econometrics model, to capture stock returns volatility, enhancing understanding of the CSE’s volatility dynamics.

Details

VUCA and Other Analytics in Business Resilience, Part A
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-83753-902-4

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Article
Publication date: 15 May 2023

Yiming Li and Chenyang Lv

To extend the reuse method and rate of straw biomass, this paper investigated the effect of lignin synthetic phenolic resin (LPF) on the rheological properties of asphalt binder.

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Abstract

Purpose

To extend the reuse method and rate of straw biomass, this paper investigated the effect of lignin synthetic phenolic resin (LPF) on the rheological properties of asphalt binder.

Design/methodology/approach

Four LPFs with 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% substitution rates were prepared by replacing phenol with lignin in synthetic resins and using it as a modifier to prepare a bio-asphalt binder. Temperature sweep tests were conducted to evaluate aging resistance and temperature sensitivity of the bio-asphalt binder. The rutting resistance of the bio-asphalt binder was evaluated by frequency sweeps and multiple stress creep recovery (MSCR) test. Linear amplitude sweep (LAS) tests were conducted to evaluate the fatigue resistance of the bio-asphalt binder. A master curve was constructed to further analyze the rheological properties of the bio-asphalt binder at different frequencies. The low-temperature cracking resistance of the binder was evaluated by G-R parameters, critical temperatures and ΔTc. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was performed to investigate the changes in the functional groups of the binder before and after aging.

Findings

The results indicated that adding LPF could improve the high-temperature rutting resistance, fatigue resistance, aging resistance of asphalt and the binders are less affected by temperature. Additionally, LPF slightly prohibited the low-temperature performance of the asphalt binder, which, however, was significantly lower than the base asphalt degradation during aging. Compared with base asphalt binders, the bio-asphalt binder showed no new absorption peaks generated after adding LPF, identifying that the improved asphalt binder performance by LPF was a mainly physical modification.

Originality/value

The main objective of this paper is to further improve the substitution rate (i.e. the mass substitution ratio of lignin to phenol) of lignin and broaden the application of biomass resins, thus realizing resource sustainability.

Details

Multidiscipline Modeling in Materials and Structures, vol. 19 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1573-6105

Keywords

Available. Open Access. Open Access
Article
Publication date: 4 April 2023

Reetika Verma

The study aims is to explore the cointegration level among major Asian stock indices from pre- COVID-19 to post COVID-19 times.

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Abstract

Purpose

The study aims is to explore the cointegration level among major Asian stock indices from pre- COVID-19 to post COVID-19 times.

Design/methodology/approach

Johansen cointegration test is employed to know the long run relationship among the stock market indices of Hong Kong, Indonesia, Malaysia, Korea, India, Japan, China, Taiwan, Israel and South Korea. The empirical testing was done to analyze whether any significant change has been induced by the COVID-19 pandemic on the cointegrating relationship of the selected markets or not. Through statistics of trace test and maximum eigen value, total number of cointegrating equations present among all the indices during different study periods were analyzed.

Findings

The presence of cointegration was found during all the sample periods and the findings suggests that the selected stock markets are associated with each other in general. During COVID-19 crisis period the cointegration level was reduced and again it regained its original level in the next year and again reduced in the subsequent next year. So, the cointegrating relationship among selected stock market indices remains dynamic and no evidence of impact of COVID-19 on this dynamism was found.

Originality/value

The study has explored the level of cointegration among the major stock indices of Asian nations in the pre, during, post-crisis and the most recent periods. The interconnectedness of the stock markets during the COVID-19 times has been compared with similar periods in different years immediately preceding and succeeding the COVID-19 times which has not been done in any of the existing study.

Details

IIM Ranchi journal of management studies, vol. 3 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2754-0138

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Article
Publication date: 11 October 2021

Yosuke Kakinuma

This study aims to provide empirical evidence on the return and volatility spillover effects between Southeast Asian stock markets, bitcoin and gold in the periods before and…

1146

Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to provide empirical evidence on the return and volatility spillover effects between Southeast Asian stock markets, bitcoin and gold in the periods before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. The interdependence among different asset classes, the two leading stock markets in Southeast Asia (Singapore and Thailand), bitcoin and gold, is analyzed for diversification opportunities.

Design/methodology/approach

The vector autoregressive-Baba, Engle, Kraft, and Kroner-generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity model is used to capture the return and volatility spillover effects between different financial assets. The data cover the period from October 2013 to May 2021. The full period is divided into two sub-sample periods, the pre-pandemic period and the during-pandemic period, to examine whether the financial turbulence caused by COVID-19 affects the interconnectedness between the assets.

Findings

The stocks in Southeast Asia, bitcoin and gold become more interdependent during the pandemic. During turbulent times, the contagion effect is inevitable regardless of region and asset class. Furthermore, bitcoin does not provide protection for investors in Southeast Asia. The pricing mechanism and technology behind bitcoin are different from common stocks, yet the results indicate the co-movement of bitcoin and the Singaporean and Thai stocks during the crisis. Finally, risk-averse investors should ensure that gold constitutes a significant proportion of their portfolio, approximately 40%–55%. This strategy provides the most effective hedge against risk.

Originality/value

The mean return and volatility spillover is analyzed between bitcoin, gold and two preeminent stock markets in Southeast Asia. Most prior studies test the spillover effect between the same asset classes such as equities in different regions or different commodities, currencies and cryptocurrencies. Moreover, the time-series data are divided into two groups based on the structural break caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings of this study offer practical implications for risk management and portfolio diversification. Diversification opportunities are becoming scarce as different financial assets witness increasing integration.

Details

Journal of Asia Business Studies, vol. 16 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1558-7894

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Article
Publication date: 2 August 2021

Tengjiang Yu, Haitao Zhang, Junfeng Sun, Yabo Wang, Shuang Huang and Dan Chen

Using typical structure of asphalt pavement in Harbin area of China, and the formula of generalized friction coefficient between base and surface layers of asphalt pavement in…

120

Abstract

Purpose

Using typical structure of asphalt pavement in Harbin area of China, and the formula of generalized friction coefficient between base and surface layers of asphalt pavement in cold area is established.

Design/methodology/approach

Through structural characteristics analysis of asphalt pavement in cold area, the generalized formula of friction coefficient between base and surface layers of asphalt pavement in cold area is derived. The formula can quickly calculate the friction coefficient between layers of asphalt pavement.

Findings

Based on quantitative analysis to the contacting state between layers of asphalt pavement in cold area, the relationships between generalized friction coefficient and resilient modulus of asphalt mixtures, temperature shrinkage coefficient and temperature have been established.

Originality/value

The findings can enrich the description methods about the contacting state between layers of asphalt pavement, and have a certain theoretical and practical value. Through the application of the formula of generalized friction coefficient between layers, it can provide a technical basis for the asphalt pavement design, construction and maintenance in cold area.

Details

Journal of Engineering, Design and Technology , vol. 21 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1726-0531

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Article
Publication date: 11 March 2014

Fernando A.F. Ferreira, Sérgio P. Santos, Carla S.E. Marques and João Ferreira

Considered the largest investment for most households, buying a house requires careful and transparent analysis by all parties involved in the transaction. The aim of this paper…

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Abstract

Purpose

Considered the largest investment for most households, buying a house requires careful and transparent analysis by all parties involved in the transaction. The aim of this paper is to propose a methodological framework allowing for the readjustment of trade-offs among risk evaluation criteria, considered of extreme importance in the lending decision process of mortgage loans.

Design/methodology/approach

Multiple criteria decision analysis (MCDA) has proved over the years to be effective and versatile in handling compensations among criteria. Measuring attractiveness is applied by a categorical based evaluation technique (MACBETH) to a pre-established structure of credit-scoring criteria for mortgage lending risk evaluation. This pre-established structure is currently used by one of the largest banks in Portugal.

Findings

The framework allowed the authors to provide the credit experts who participated in the study with a more informed, transparent and accurate mortgage-lending risk-evaluation system. The sensitivity and robustness analyses carried out also helped in promoting discussion and supporting the readjustments made.

Research limitations/implications

The study shows the usefulness of using the MACBETH approach to assist credit analysts in making better informed decisions, and opens avenues for further research. However, due to the dependence on the participants involved, extrapolations without proper caution are discouraged.

Practical implications

The credit analysts who participated in this study considered the framework more discerning in terms of Basel directives.

Originality/value

The integration of MACBETH and credit-scoring mechanisms holds great potential for risk assessment and decision support. No prior work reporting the application of MACBETH in terms of mortgage-lending risk-evaluation is known.

Details

Management Decision, vol. 52 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0025-1747

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Article
Publication date: 26 July 2021

TrungTuyen Dang, Zhang Caihong, ThiHong Nguyen, NgocTrung Nguyen and Cuong Tran

This study aims to examine the transmission mechanism of factors on the characteristic fluctuation of Vietnamese coffee bean export price (PVN).

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Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to examine the transmission mechanism of factors on the characteristic fluctuation of Vietnamese coffee bean export price (PVN).

Design/methodology/approach

Applying Markov switching–vector autoregressive model.

Findings

Significantly, the empirical results showed that the transmission of independent variables on PVN is non-linear, and the fluctuation of PVN is affected by many factors, especially PVN in the previous period. In addition, the effect of Robusta coffee price was the greatest with coefficient is 0.28785, and the correlation between PVN and it was also the highest in both regimes with coefficients are 0.5317 and 0.3959, respectively.

Originality/value

These obtained results are in accordance with reality, as Vietnam is the largest exporter of Robusta coffee in the world.

Details

Journal of Asia Business Studies, vol. 15 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1558-7894

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