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Article
Publication date: 17 November 2022

Francisco Barros, Susana Aguiar, Pedro J. Sousa, António Cachaço, Nuno V. Ramos, Paulo Tavares, P.M.G. Moreira, Luís Oliveira Santos, Min Xu and Elsa Franco

Part of the runway at Madeira Airport is a platform above the sea at a 60 m height, supported by a series of frames. When aircraft land on this section, a load is exerted on the…

62

Abstract

Purpose

Part of the runway at Madeira Airport is a platform above the sea at a 60 m height, supported by a series of frames. When aircraft land on this section, a load is exerted on the structure, resulting in bending of the beams which constitute the frames. A vision-based monitoring system was devised and implemented to measure the deflection of the runway's beams when a landing occurs.

Design/methodology/approach

An area on the midspan of two beams, located on the area where aircraft are most likely to land, was prepared with a speckle pattern, and a camera was assembled above a column on each of the adjacent frames, enabling the computation of displacements using digital image correlation (DIC). The camera continuously acquires images of the monitored area and compares them to a reference using DIC. If a displacement is detected, a number of frames before and after this event are saved for further DIC processing.

Findings

The installed systems successfully detected several events corresponding to landings and, for each of those events, measured the deflection of the beams over time and computed displacement fields for critical images, with strain values obtained up to this point being too small to measure using the current system.

Originality/value

This work provides novel insights into the behaviour of a unique structure and constitutes the first use of a vision system in its structural monitoring operations. It is also a valuable development in the implementation of automated DIC monitoring systems in locations of difficult access.

Details

International Journal of Structural Integrity, vol. 14 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1757-9864

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Article
Publication date: 28 June 2022

Narottam Yadav, Mathiyazhagan Kaliyan, Tarik Saikouk, Susobhan Goswami and Ömer Faruk Görçün

The present paper proposes a framework for zero-defect manufacturing in Indian industries. Due to the current competitive market, there is a strong need to achieve zero defects…

426

Abstract

Purpose

The present paper proposes a framework for zero-defect manufacturing in Indian industries. Due to the current competitive market, there is a strong need to achieve zero defects from the customer's perspective. A survey questionnaire is analyzed based on the responses and a structured framework is drafted to implement zero defect manufacturing in the Indian industry.

Design/methodology/approach

To analyze zero-defect in Indian industries, a literature review and a survey questionnaire constituted a framework. This framework is independent of the type of process and product.

Findings

The findings of this study are based on a total of 925 responses received through survey questionnaires by different mediums. The framework has been tested in different manufacturing organizations to achieve zero-defect through the continuous improvement approach.

Practical implications

The study results aim to achieve zero-defect, help to improve customer satisfaction, reduce waste and rework in the manufacturing process. This framework is also used as a problem-solving approach to implement Six Sigma in the Indian industries.

Originality/value

Zero defect manufacturing is growing in India and globally. This framework helps to implement zero defect manufacturing in Indian industries. It is an essential tool to capture the voice of the customer.

Details

Benchmarking: An International Journal, vol. 30 no. 7
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1463-5771

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Article
Publication date: 2 May 2017

Marcelo Santiago Sousa, Pedro Paglione, Roberto Gil Annes Silva, Flavio Luiz Cardoso-Ribeiro and Sebastião Simões Cunha

The purpose of this paper is to present a mathematical model of one very flexible transport category airplane whose structural dynamics was modeled with the strain-based…

374

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to present a mathematical model of one very flexible transport category airplane whose structural dynamics was modeled with the strain-based formulation. This model can be used for the analysis of couplings between the flight dynamics and structural dynamics.

Design/methodology/approach

The model was developed with the use of Hamiltonian mechanics and strain-based formulation. Nonlinear flight dynamics, nonlinear structural dynamics and inertial couplings are considered.

Findings

The mathematical model allows the analysis of effects of high structural deformations on airplane flight dynamics.

Research limitations/implications

The mathematical model has more than 60 degrees of freedom. The computational burden is too high, if compared to the traditional rigid body flight dynamics simulations.

Practical implications

The mathematical model presented in this work allows a detailed analysis of the couplings between flight dynamics and structural dynamics in very flexible airplanes. The better comprehension of these couplings will contribute to the development of flexible airplanes.

Originality/value

This work presents the application of nonlinear flight dynamics-nonlinear structural dynamics-strain-based formulation (NFNS_s) methodology to model the flight dynamics of one very flexible transport category airplane. This paper addresses also the way as the analysis of results obtained in nonlinear simulations can be made. Comparisons of the NFNS_s and nonlinear flight dynamics-linear structural dynamics methodologies are presented in this work.

Details

Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology, vol. 89 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1748-8842

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Article
Publication date: 3 January 2017

Pedro Carlos Oprime and Glauco Henrique de Sousa Mendes

The purpose of this paper is to find the configuration of the number (m) and size (n) of the sample in Phase I that would make it possible to detect the out-of-control (OOC) state…

462

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to find the configuration of the number (m) and size (n) of the sample in Phase I that would make it possible to detect the out-of-control (OOC) state of the process with the smallest number of samples and ensure a capability index (Cpk) that would meet the customer’s requirements.

Design/methodology/approach

The suggested approach addresses this problem using simulation techniques and design of experiments (DOE). The simulation techniques made it possible to reproduce the normal operating conditions of the process. The DOE was used to construct a predictive model for control chart performance and thus to determine combinations of m and n in Phase I that would meet the capability objectives of the process. A numerical example and a simulation study were conducted to illustrate the proposed method.

Findings

Using simulation techniques and DOE, the authors can find the number (m) and size (n) of the sample in Phase I that would make it possible to detect the OOC state of the process with the smallest number of samples and ensure a Cpk that would meet the customer’s requirements.

Originality/value

In the real situations of many companies, choosing the numbers and sizes of samples (m and n) in Phases I and II is a crucial decision in relation to implementing a control chart. The paper shows that the simulation method and use of linear regression are effective alternatives because they are better known and more easily applied in industrial settings. Therefore, the need for alternatives to the X control chart comes into play.

Details

International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management, vol. 34 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0265-671X

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Article
Publication date: 19 August 2021

Duarte Pimentel, Pedro Almeida, Pedro Marques-Quinteiro and Marta Sousa

The purpose of this paper is to assess differences between employees of family and non-family firms regarding their perceptions of employer branding and psychological contract…

477

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to assess differences between employees of family and non-family firms regarding their perceptions of employer branding and psychological contract levels. Moreover, focusing on family firms, the authors assess the relation between the employees’ perceptions of employer branding and the psychological contract levels.

Design/methodology/approach

The empirical evidence is provided by a sample of 165 Portuguese employees, 76 employees of family firms and 89 non-family firms’ employees, who responded to a questionnaire that included employer branding and psychological contract measures. All respondents study in small and medium-sized private companies.

Findings

The results confirmed the research hypotheses, suggesting that employees of family companies show higher perceptions of employer branding and psychological contract levels than employees of non-family companies. Results also reveal that the perceptions of employer branding are positively related to the psychological contract levels of the family firm’s employees.

Originality/value

This paper aims to contribute to the literature by addressing two contemporary organizational aspects yet under-addressed in the comparison between family and non-family firms while pursuing to offer insights on the relationship between the perceptions of employer branding and levels of the psychological contract of employees working in family firms.

Objetivo

O objetivo deste artigo é avaliar diferenças entre colaboradores de empresas familiares e não familiares no que respeita às suas perceções das práticas de employer branding e níveis de contrato psicológico. Além disso, com foco nas empresas familiares, foi avaliada a relação entre as perceções de employer branding dos colaboradores e os níveis de contrato psicológico.

Design/metodologia/abordagem

A evidência empírica é baseada numa amostra de 165 trabalhadores portugueses, 76 colaboradores de empresas familiares e 89 de empresas não familiares. Os participantes responderam a um questionário que avaliou as perceções sobre as práticas de employer branding e os níveis de contrato psicológico. Todos os respondentes trabalham em empresas privadas de pequena e média dimensão.

Resultados

Os resultados confirmaram as hipóteses de investigação, sugerindo que os colaboradores de empresas familiares apresentam perceções de employer branding e níveis de contrato psicológico mais elevados do que os colaboradores de empresas não familiares. Os resultados revelaram ainda que as perceções de employer branding estão positivamente relacionadas com os níveis de contrato psicológico dos colaboradores de empresas familiares.

Originalidade/valor

Este artigo tem como objetivo contribuir para a literatura ao abordar dois aspetos organizacionais contemporâneos ainda pouco estudados na comparação entre empresas familiares e não familiares. Procurando, ainda, que oferecer insights sobre a relação entre as perceções de employer branding e os níveis de contrato psicológico dos colaboradores de empresas familiares.

Propósito

El propósito de este artículo científico es evaluar las diferencias entre los empleados de empresas familiares y no familiares, con respecto a sus percepciones de las prácticas de employer branding y los niveles de contrato psicológico. Además, centrándonos en las empresas familiares, evaluamos la relación entre las percepciones de los empleados sobre las prácticas de employer branding y los niveles de contrato psicológico.

Diseño/metodología/enfoque

La muestra de esta pesquisa incluye 165 empleados portugueses, de los cuales 76 son empleados de empresas familiares y 89 son empleados de empresas no familiares. Los participantes respondieron a un cuestionario que evaluaba sus percepciones de las prácticas de employer branding y los niveles de contrato psicológico. Todos los encuestados trabajan en pequeñas y medianas empresas privadas.

Hallazgos

Los resultados confirmaron las hipótesis de la investigación. Los empleados de empresas familiares muestran una mayor percepción de las prácticas de employer branding y los niveles de contrato psicológico que los empleados de empresas no familiares. Los resultados también revelan que las percepciones de las prácticas de employer branding están relacionadas positivamente con los niveles de contrato psicológico de los empleados de las empresas familiares.

Originalidad/valor

Este artículo tiene como objetivo contribuir a la literatura abordando dos aspectos organizativos contemporáneos, aún poco abordados en la comparación entre empresas familiares y no familiares. Al mismo tiempo, este artículo busca ofrecer ideas sobre la relación entre las prácticas de employer branding y los niveles de contrato psicológico de los empleados que trabajan en empresas familiares.

Details

Management Research: Journal of the Iberoamerican Academy of Management, vol. 19 no. 3/4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1536-5433

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Article
Publication date: 25 January 2024

Liliana Sousa, Jéssica Fernandes, Pedro Sá-Couto and João Tavares

Companion animals and social media are two important factors of social interaction and well-being among the older population. This study aims to compare social media use and/or…

35

Abstract

Purpose

Companion animals and social media are two important factors of social interaction and well-being among the older population. This study aims to compare social media use and/or having companion animals with respect to sociodemographic variables in conjunction with loneliness, social isolation, depression, satisfaction with life and satisfaction with social support.

Design/methodology/approach

This cross-sectional study involves a sample of 250 older community-dwelling adults. The questionnaire comprised sociodemographic, companion animals and social media questions and scales to assess social isolation, loneliness, satisfaction with life and social support and depression. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics.

Findings

Four groups emerged: “companion animal/s, no social media” (37.6%); “none” (33.6%); “social media and companion animal/s” (14.4%); and “social media, no companion animal/s” (14.4%). Social media users (with or without companion animals) are the youngest and with higher levels of education; caregivers of companion animals (no social media use) are in-between in terms of age and level of education; and those without companion animals and no social media users are the oldest and with less formal education.

Originality/value

This research examines and compares two key influencers of older adults’ well-being and social interaction (social media and companion animals), that have been researched mostly separately. Findings underlined the cohort effect in the use of social media, suggesting that future older adult cohorts will use more social media whether they have or do not have companion animals.

Details

Working with Older People, vol. 28 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1366-3666

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Article
Publication date: 9 February 2023

Vítor Manuel de Sousa Gabriel, Maria Elisabete Duarte Neves, Elisabete Vieira and Pedro M. Nogueira Reis

The purpose of this work is to study the connections generated between stock market indices, representing firms whose practices focus on fighting climate change and several global…

164

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this work is to study the connections generated between stock market indices, representing firms whose practices focus on fighting climate change and several global risk factors in accordance with the sustainability objectives defined in the 2030 Agenda. An endogenous perspective is adopted, considering the spillovers generated within the low carbon stock market sector, as well as the latter’s exposure to exogenous shocks of an economic and financial nature.

Design/methodology/approach

This work uses a multivariate model of dynamic correlation (GARCH-corrected dynamic conditional correlation [cDCC]), which can accompany the correlations generated over time.

Findings

Considering five low carbon indices, representing various parts of the world, and four global macro-economic and financial variables, over a period of approximately eight years, it was possible to understand that the variables studied transmit between each other a statistically significant spillover. The period of the pandemic crisis shows a sharp increase in the information transmission process. It was also possible to conclude that some global variables are risk factors, performing the role of transmission channels for the spillover effects to low carbon indices, increasing the risk of contagion and reducing the possibilities of diversifying the investment portfolio.

Originality/value

Firstly, this work analyses the connection and spillover effects between low carbon indices. Secondly, considers an extended sample covering different market phases, particularly that of the pandemic crisis and the Ukrainian War, creating conditions to compare connection patterns between those indices. Thirdly, it studies the variable influence over time of global risk factors in the transmission of spillover between low carbon indices.

Details

Society and Business Review, vol. 18 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1746-5680

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Article
Publication date: 17 April 2019

Daniela C. Wilks, José Cruz and Pedro Sousa

The Portuguese tax authority implemented a lottery to encourage citizens to request invoices as a strategy to fight value-added tax (VAT) evasion. As the law does not require…

1089

Abstract

Purpose

The Portuguese tax authority implemented a lottery to encourage citizens to request invoices as a strategy to fight value-added tax (VAT) evasion. As the law does not require citizens to request sales invoices with the consumers’ tax number, doing so is a form of voluntary cooperation in tracking down tax evaders. The purpose of this paper is to understand why ordinary citizens decide to join forces with tax authorities in the fight against VAT evasion by requesting invoices with their tax identification number.

Design/methodology/approach

An empirical study was conducted to explore the underlying motivation for Portuguese consumers to request sales invoices with their personal tax identification. The study combines quantitative and qualitative data.

Findings

The results from this study show that rewarding citizens is clearly a factor to be considered in any policy to maximize citizens’ cooperation in tracking down tax evaders. They indicate that fiscal benefits have a stronger effect on the request of invoices than the lottery and that it is necessary to promote good governance and justice.

Practical implications

Findings should be used to inform a cost-effective public policy that takes into account citizens’ concerns and combine deterrent measures and rewards in the form of tax benefits, rather than tax lotteries.

Originality/value

This paper provides new insights into VAT lotteries, which seem to be increasingly favored by policy makers but are an area under-researched. By recommending a course of action to maximize citizens’ cooperation in tracking down tax evaders, the paper provides useful practical implications and is a contribution for the study of VAT evasion policies.

Details

International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy, vol. 39 no. 5/6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0144-333X

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Article
Publication date: 28 October 2021

Joaquim Vasconcelos Reinolds de Sousa and Pedro Gamboa

The purpose of this paper is to generate optimised trajectories for an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) during a forest fire detection mission. It is assumed that the UAV flies 3D…

149

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to generate optimised trajectories for an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) during a forest fire detection mission. It is assumed that the UAV flies 3D curvature-constrained Dubins manoeuvres and has a limited amount of battery energy that prevents it from covering the entire search area in a single trip.

Design/methodology/approach

In this paper, the search area is discretised into a grid of multiple targets, and each target assigned with a score that is proportional to the time elapsed since the last UAV visit. This problem, known as Dubins Airplane Orienteering Problem, consists of finding the number and order of targets to visit and the UAV heading at each target that maximises the total trip score without exceeding the UAV battery energy. The solution is found using the Randomised Variable Neighbourhood Search metaheuristic. All target scores are updated after each trajectory generation according to the elapsed time since the last UAV visit.

Findings

The proposed approach produced feasible results when generating optimised trajectories for a fire detection mission context where energy battery constraints are important.

Practical implications

The authors carry out the planning of UAV missions with limited amounts of onboard energy such as a real fire detection mission using a single electric propulsion and fixed-wing UAV.

Originality/value

This paper introduces an energy-based approach to the Dubins Airplane Orienteering Problem, which takes into account the UAV performance and energy budget when generating optimised trajectories.

Details

Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology, vol. 94 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1748-8842

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Article
Publication date: 22 November 2023

Bianca Sousa and Pedro Ferreira

Through a systematic literature review, this paper aims to endeavor to present a thorough historical perspective on the evolution of employee-based brand equity (EBBE), offering a…

466

Abstract

Purpose

Through a systematic literature review, this paper aims to endeavor to present a thorough historical perspective on the evolution of employee-based brand equity (EBBE), offering a comprehensive understanding of its development. The study explores the general model, causes and effects of EBBE, as well as the role of culture, leadership and brand management in building EBBE. The paper proposes an integrative framework to understand the interrelationships between the various dimensions of EBBE and offers practical guidelines for future research and the business world.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper uses a systematic literature review approach to analyze and synthesize 30 studies on EBBE retrieved from SCOPUS and Web of Science. The analysis involves a thematic and content-based examination of the literature, which is organized into three thematic groups.

Findings

The review highlights the importance of EBBE as a driver of organizational performance and success. The paper identifies the evolution of the major themes, trends and debates in the literature and suggests areas for future research. It underscores the need for more qualitative, multi-level and longitudinal research on EBBE, as well as the exploration of the links between EBBE and other forms of brand equity.

Originality/value

This paper is one of the first systematic literature reviews of EBBE, offering a comprehensive and integrated view of the existing literature since the beginning of this concept. The paper’s originality lies in its proposed integrative framework that captures the interrelationships between the various dimensions of EBBE and provides practical guidelines for future research and the business world.

Details

Journal of Management History, vol. 30 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1751-1348

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