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This article has been withdrawn as it was published elsewhere and accidentally duplicated. The original article can be seen here: 10.1108/02635579410063252. When citing the article, please cite: Zhiwei Zhu, Paul H. Meredith, Supin Makboonprasith, (1994), “Defining Critical Elements in JIT Implementation: A Survey”, Industrial Management & Data Systems, Vol. 94 Iss: 5, pp. 3 - 10.

The purpose of this paper is to increase understanding of how patient deterioration is detected and how clinical care escalates when early warning score (EWS) systems are used.

The authors critically review a recent National Early Warning Score paper published in IJHCQA using personal experience and EWS-related publications, and debate the difference between detection and escalation.

Incorrect EWS choice or poorly understood EWS escalation may result in unnecessary workloads forward and responding staff.

EWS system implementers may need to revisit their guidance materials; medical and nurse educators may need to expand the curriculum to improve EWS system understanding and use.

The paper raises the EWS debate and alerts EWS users that scrutiny is required.

A survey questionnaire was designed and distributed to samples of internal and external change agents which measured the extent to which they professed values traditionally associated with the field of OD. The survey also included questions concerning the types of interventions utilised in the change programmes that respondents had been associated with in the previous five years as well as how these programmes had been evaluated. As predicted, external change agents were more likely to profess traditional OD values and to be associated with change programmes which included human processual interventions. Contrary to expectations, internal change agents were less likely than external change agents to be associated with the utilisation of technostructural interventions. Support was also generated for the prediction that internal change agents are more likely to carry out extensive programme evaluations.

The past decade in the area of supply chain management has been characterized by increased emphasis on collaboration between trading partners. The paradigm shift from competition to collaboration has been enabled by the explosive growth of the Internet as the medium for exchange of information between a business and its supply chain partners. However, the information that is communicated between the supply chain partners is among the most critical of an organization’s assets and the Internet as a medium of communication is replete with security loopholes. Presents the design of a security architecture that supply chain practioners may implement for secure, scalable and interoperable communication of information with their trading partners. The security architecture recognizes the implicit diversity in the types of supply chain partnerships that requires different levels of security for the different types of data sharing needs between the supply chain partners.

Describes the application of the Group Technology concept in scheduling industrial bag production in a woven products division of a bag manufacturer. The labour assignments, determined through a linear goal programming model, minimize unbalanced workloads among the operations. This study shows a new application area of the Group Technology concept which leads to a better solution of labour assignments and provides management with valuable information essential to the development of a strategic competitive advantage.

Looks at the eighth published year of the ITCRR and the research, from far and near, involved in this. Muses on the fact that, though all the usual processes are to the fore, the downside part of the industry is garment making which is the least developed side. Posits that the manufacture of clothing needs to become more technologically advanced as does retailing. Closes by emphasising support for the community in all its efforts.

Several studies indicate that a JIT implementation process is contingent and a kind of “do‐it‐yourself‐procedure”. Addresses the issue of JIT implementation by integrating the findings from recently published articles from a number of professional journals. The conclusion strongly supports the notion that a JIT implementation process is contingent in nature. Despite a great diversity of elements mentioned in the JIT implementation articles, the quality‐related, the vendor‐related, and the production‐related practices seem to play an important role in JIT implementation. Also, there is an increasing number of articles that specifically deal with the human‐related practices such as communication and co‐worker relations.

Discusses the 6th ITCRR, its breadth of textile and clothing research activity, plus the encouragement given to workers in this field and its related areas. States that, within the newer research areas under the microscope of the community involved, technical textiles focuses on new, ‘smart’ garments and the initiatives in this field in both the UK and the international community at large. Covers this subject at length.

In this chapter, we draw upon our experiences as members of Victoria University of Wellington’s Human Ethics Committee (VUW-HEC) to discuss some of the issues that arise when researchers are asked to discuss the Treaty of Waitangi¹ in ethics applications. Victoria University of Wellington (VUW)’s Human Ethics Policy states that researchers have a responsibility to ensure that research conforms to the University’s Treaty of Waitangi Statute. This statute outlines the principle-based framework VUW has adopted to meet its obligations to the Treaty derived from the Education Act 1989 and other non-statutory sources. Accompanying the Human Ethics Policy is a Human Ethics Guidelines document providing researchers at VUW with information about how they can align their research with Treaty principles, such as those of partnership, protection, and participation. Researchers are encouraged to read these documents before completing the ethics application, which contains a mandatory question asking them to explain how their research conforms to the University’s Treaty of Waitangi Statute. During our time on VUW-HEC, we have observed that this question can be difficult for researchers to engage with in a meaningful way. In this chapter, we do not discuss the specifics of applications or VUW-HEC meetings; instead, we draw on our collective experiences to consider how well our university’s ethics application process creates space for researchers to engage with ‘that Treaty question’.

The aim of this paper is to propose an action-interaction-process framework to extend research on institutional entrepreneurship. The framework examines an actor's characteristics, interactions in an institutional context, and the process by which entrepreneurial action is accomplished.

Via a sociohistorical archival method of narrative analysis, the action-interaction-process framework is applied to an exemplary case of institutional entrepreneurship – the case of James Meredith and the integrationist movement at the University of Mississippi in the 1960 s.

The findings show that institutional entrepreneurs who maintain little power and influence over the institutional field must form strategic alliances to mobilize constituents and capitalize on the convergence of resources in the social setting.

Through the process of collective action, institutional entrepreneurs can overcome resistance to change and displace inequitable institutional policies, while establishing new practices and norms.

This research provides a stronger approach to examining institutional entrepreneurship and institutional entrepreneurs, the interaction between the institutional entrepreneur and the social context in which the individual operates, and the process by which inequitable institutionalized norms are reformed through collective action. This approach is useful to researchers examining institutional entrepreneurship or any area in which power disparity plays an important role.