Kang Wang, Xingcheng Liu and Paul Cull
The purpose of this paper is to propose a novel decoding algorithm, to decrease the complexity in decoding conventional block turbo codes.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to propose a novel decoding algorithm, to decrease the complexity in decoding conventional block turbo codes.
Design/methodology/approach
In this algorithm, the signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) values of channels are adaptively estimated. After analyzing the relationship between the statistics of the received vectors R and the channel SNR, an adaptive method of tuning the decoding complexity is presented.
Findings
Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm has greatly decreased the decoding complexity and sped up the decoding process while achieving better bit error rate performance.
Originality/value
Simulation experiments described in this paper show that the proposed algorithm can decrease the decoding complexity, shorten the decoding time and achieve good decoding performance.
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J.M. Bewley, Boehlje, A.W. Gray, H. Hogeveen, S.J. Kenyon, S.D. Eicher and M.M. Schutz
The purpose of this paper is to develop a dynamic, stochastic, mechanistic simulation model of a dairy business to evaluate the cost and benefit streams coinciding with technology…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to develop a dynamic, stochastic, mechanistic simulation model of a dairy business to evaluate the cost and benefit streams coinciding with technology investments. The model was constructed to embody the biological and economical complexities of a dairy farm system within a partial budgeting framework. A primary objective was to establish a flexible, user‐friendly, farm‐specific, decision‐making tool for dairy producers or their advisers and technology manufacturers.
Design/methodology/approach
The basic deterministic model was created in Microsoft Excel (Microsoft, Seattle, Washington). The @Risk add‐in (Palisade Corporation, Ithaca, New York) for Excel was employed to account for the stochastic nature of key variables within a Monte Carlo simulation. Net present value was the primary metric used to assess the economic profitability of investments. The model was composed of a series of modules, which synergistically provide the necessary inputs for profitability analysis. Estimates of biological relationships within the model were obtained from the literature in an attempt to represent an average or typical US dairy. Technology benefits were appraised from the resulting impact on disease incidence, disease impact, and reproductive performance. In this paper, the model structure and methodology were described in detail.
Findings
Examples of the utility of examining the influence of stochastic input and output prices on the costs of culling, days open, and disease were examined. Each of these parameters was highly sensitive to stochastic prices and deterministic inputs.
Originality/value
Decision support tools, such as this one, that are designed to investigate dairy business decisions may benefit dairy producers.
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James Tapp, Estelle Moore, Mary Stephenson and Davina Cull
This paper aims to describe the process and outcomes of restorative justice (RJ) between a detained patient with autism and a person he harmed.
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to describe the process and outcomes of restorative justice (RJ) between a detained patient with autism and a person he harmed.
Design/methodology/approach
A single case study design was used to provide an in-depth description of a RJ referral.
Findings
Restorative outcomes that align with the theories of RJ, in particular trauma processing and emotional reconnection, were observed by RJ practitioners and reported by participants. The person harmed reported a “safer” memory of the offence.
Research limitations/implications
The absence of outcome assessments limits the findings to observational data and self-reported experiences from participants. A triangulated outcome approach is recommended.
Practical implications
RJ practices can safely be applied within a secure hospital environment. The RJ process can also be followed by a person with difficulties in social and emotional processing.
Originality/value
The RJ process provides a safe framework within which forensic mental health services can respond to the needs of victims, which are not routinely addressed in standard clinical practice, and in worst case scenarios, may even be overlooked.
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Markus Heidingsfelder, Peter Zeiner, Kelvin J. A. Ooi and Mohammad Arif Sobhan Bhuiyan
Purpose – This chapter considers the social politics of H5N1 (“avian influenza”), the 2009 H1N1 pandemic, and the response to it within the context of the history of pandemic…
Abstract
Purpose – This chapter considers the social politics of H5N1 (“avian influenza”), the 2009 H1N1 pandemic, and the response to it within the context of the history of pandemic influenzas and the continuing need for robust preventative public health systems more generally. In particular, the author considers how the borders between nations, species, and individuals are thrown into relief and called into question by influenza outbreaks and their management.
Methodology/approach – This work relies on literature review, media research, and critical and interpretative sociological methods.
Findings – While panic surrounding new and potentially highly virulent influenza strains is reasonable, such panic is not sustainable and belies the fact that every year presents the danger of a pandemic. This chapter argues that, if public health systems only respond to immediate panic and fail to consider how quickly airborne diseases can cross all sorts of borders, they do not attend to the real need for far-seeing, long-term, internationally collaborative disease prevention and disaster preparedness.
Contribution to the field – The author offers a critical and wellness- and prevention-oriented perspective on what priorities should be emphasized in the rapidly growing fields of disaster studies and disaster preparedness, which, by their nature, tend to be crisis oriented and focused on the micro-term, with planning done on a case-by-case basis. Such a narrow focus can render preventative health systems inflexible and unable to rise to the challenge of a disease that can spread easily through casual contact.
The purpose of this bibliometric and systematic literature review is to survey and evaluate key study’s in tacit knowledge (TK). Through analysing and synthesizing based on the…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this bibliometric and systematic literature review is to survey and evaluate key study’s in tacit knowledge (TK). Through analysing and synthesizing based on the antecedents, decisions, outcomes-theories, context and methods (ADO-TCM) framework, this paper highlights research gaps and avenues for future research. It is important to recognize the antecedents, results and theories in the available literature as it offers enough evidence for encouraging the significance of TK.
Design/methodology/approach
This research paper follows a bibliometric analysis and systematic approach in identifying, analyzing and synthesizing pertinent literature in TK. A total of 59 research studies were carefully and systematically reviewed with the help of NVivo12 and excel software to code and analyse.
Findings
With the help of bibliometric analysis and framework-based systematic review, this research paper offers a retrospective view of the TCM framework in the amalgamation with ADO framework, bibliometric analysis and important themes of TK research.
Originality/value
This paper is different from existing reviews as the authors have to combine bibliometric analysis and framework-based systematic review approach to provide a more robust encapsulation of TK research. To the best of the knowledge, the present research is one of the first systematic reviews based on a framework relating to TK.
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James Rajasekar and Paul Fouts
The purpose of this paper is to examine how domestic airlines benefit when they have code sharing arrangements with international carriers.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine how domestic airlines benefit when they have code sharing arrangements with international carriers.
Design/methodology/approach
The data for this research study have been collected primarily from three sources. The first database, the digest of statistics no. 400 is from International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) based in Montreal, Canada. The second source of data comes from the Airline Business database. The third source of data for this research study is from Official Airline Guide (OAG). Ten years of data from 1994 to 2004 are collected from the databases of ICAO, Airline Business and also from individual airlines. Data such as the revenue passenger miles (RPMs) and load factor are obtained from the ICAO database and data such as alliance pattern are culled from the Airline Business database.
Findings
This research study reveals that code sharing agreements between a domestic and international airline will benefit the former by way of increased RPMs, passenger load factor (PLF), and market share. However, the coefficients of the hypothesized variables suggest that the initial gains achieved by the domestic airlines by way of increased RPMs start to erode in the long run. Thus, a domestic airline must form a code sharing agreement with an international airline at the earliest, so as to get the initial increase in RPMs. The effect of code sharing on the market share of domestic airlines is explicit and consistent throughout this research study. The second dimension in the code sharing is the multiple alliances between domestic and international airlines. Multiple alliances refer to an airline having more than one code sharing agreement with international carriers. The third factor in this sequence of hypotheses is equity investment by international carriers in domestic airlines. The relationship between equity investment and its influence on the performance of the targeted firm is always an interesting topic explored by both the academic researchers and practitioners. However, in this study, the regression results do not support the hypothesis. That means that mere equity investment by international carriers in domestic airlines may not result in increased RPMs, load factor and the market share for domestic airlines. The interesting finding in this particular section is the influence of the large size of the alliance partners on all the three dependent variables; RPMs, PLF, and the market share. Therefore, we can conclude that if both the airlines are large enough and they form code sharing agreements, then this may result in increased RPMs, PLFs, and market share for the domestic airlines. Similarly, the study supports the premise that if the partners are unequal, then the domestic airlines may not be able to increase the RPMs, load factor, and the market share.
Originality/value
This paper reveals that code sharing arrangements reached earlier in the competition is better as the benefits tend to reduce after a certain period of time.
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This paper examines localized conditions and responses to what people see as ordinary variations in the weather, drawing on their own archive of knowledge and practice for…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper examines localized conditions and responses to what people see as ordinary variations in the weather, drawing on their own archive of knowledge and practice for “coping” with it, as distinct from year-to-year climate patterns that may entail “adaptation.”
Design
This paper draws on ethnographic field research and rainfall statistics collected in 1968–1969 and 1987–1988, in a rural area of Western Nigeria where guinea-savannah small-scale farmers now grow increasingly for the market. Research in the 1980s was designed to track all changes since the 1960s. It is revisited here to draw out the rainfall variable.
Findings
In the 1980s, farmers noted a decline in the first rains of the early growing season, and a change in the short dry season, over a period of three years, in a way that differed from the expected patterns of twenty years previously. The shift is confirmed by rainfall statistics. Their crop repertoire choices are noted.
Limitations and research implications
The paper’s themes are culled from a broader range of observations over the 20 years. The interweaving of the variables in complex change over several decades is noted as a research challenge.
Originality
Local time series, interpreted through the local archive of social and technical practice, offers a rich entry point into what the recent AAA climate change review refers to as coping and adaptation, with respect to what I call “weather” and “climate.”
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Abstract
Details
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Benjamin Biesinger, Karsten Hadwich and Manfred Bruhn
(Digital) servitization, referring to service-driven strategies and their increasing implementation in manufacturing, is one of the most rapidly growing areas in industrial…
Abstract
Purpose
(Digital) servitization, referring to service-driven strategies and their increasing implementation in manufacturing, is one of the most rapidly growing areas in industrial service research. However, the cultural change involved in successful servitization is a phenomenon that is widely observed but poorly understood. This research aims to clarify the processes of social construction as manufacturers change their organizational culture to transform into industrial service providers.
Design/methodology/approach
This research takes a systematic approach to integrate disparate literature on servitization into a cohesive framework for cultural change, which is purposefully augmented by rationale culled from organizational learning and sensemaking literature.
Findings
The organizational learning framework for cultural change in servitization introduces a dynamic perspective on servitizing organizations by explaining social processes between organizational and member-level cultural properties. It identifies three major cultural orientations toward service, digital and learning that govern successful servitization.
Originality/value
This research contributes to the servitization literature by presenting a new approach to reframe and explore cultural change processes across multiple levels, thus providing a concrete starting point for further research in this area.