Search results

An der letzten Schweizerischen Landesausstellung, die — in die Arglist des Jahres 1939 hineingewachsen — eine besondere Mission zu erfüllen hatte und zu erfüllen vermochte, stand eine ihrer Hauptabteilungen unter der kühnen Devise: “Die Schweiz, das Ferienland der Völker”. Gelang es damals moderner Ausstellungskunst und lebendiger Betriebsweise, diesen Ruhmestitel für das ganze helvetische Staatsgebiet, vom Genfersee zum Bodensee, von Basel über den Gotthard bis nach Chiasso, in überzeugender Art und auf kleinstem Raum unter Beweis zu stellen, so konnte und wollte doch gerade eine derartige optische Gesamtschau weder auf die Vielfalt der Aspekte verzichten, noch die Tatsache einer ungleichen Verteilung des touristischen Potentials auf Kantone und Regionen verbergen. Mehr oder weniger deutlich abgegrenzte Teilgebiete — so die Genferseegegend, das Berner Oberland, die Zentralschweiz und Graubünden — waren touristische Begriffe und fremdenverkehrspolitische Gegebenheiten, längst bevor für eine gesamtschweizerische touristische Interessenwahrung ein Bedürfnis empfunden wurde und eine Notwendigkeit erkannt werden musste. Die historischen schweizerischen Fremdenverkehrsregionen haben ihre Eigenständigkeit zu wahren verstanden, und sie erweisen sich dank differenzierter historischer Entwicklung, verkehrspolitischer Erschliessung und Struktur als dankbare Untersuchungsobjekte für Detailstudien. Im besonderen mag dies für Graubünden zutreffen, da hier die aus fremdenverkehrspolitischen Erwägungen und Zielsetzungen gedachten Grenzen teil des Transits an Kaufmannsgütern zwischen den rheinischen und schwäbischen Landen im Norden und den Kornkammern und Handelsstädten im Süden des Alpenkammes, in Piemont, in der Lombardei und in Venezien. Die Saumund Karrwege, die Susten, Herbergen und Hospize dienten in wachsendem Masse auch den wandernden Handwerksgesellen und Scholaren, der touristischen Region mit den politischen Marken des an Flächenausmass grössten eidgenössischen Kantons, eben Graubünden, übereinstimmen und somit ein geographisch eindeutiges und im Sinne der allgemeinen Charakterisierung typisches Fremdenverkehrsgebiet umschliessen. So mag denn auch eine auf Graubünden beschränkte Würdigung der den Eisenbahnen, hier der Rhätischen Bahn, zukommenden Rolle im Touristen‐ und Fremdenverkehr nicht unberechtigt erscheinen.

The purpose of this paper is to challenge Cold War binaries, seeking a more nuanced understanding of popular experience of change in the Soviet Union’s last decades. This was a period of intensive modernization and rapid transformation in Soviet citizens’ everyday material environment, marked by the mass move to newly constructed housing and by changing relations with goods.

To probe popular experience and changing meanings, the paper turns to qualitative, subjective sources, drawing on oral history interviews (Everyday Aesthetics in the Modern Soviet Flat, 2004-2007).

The paper finds that qualitative changes took place in Soviet popular consumer culture during the 1960s-1970s, as millions of people made home in new housing amid the widespread media circulation of authoritative images representing a desirable modern lifestyle and modernist aesthetic. Soviet people began to make aesthetic or semiotic distinctions between functionally identical goods and were concerned to find the right furniture to fit a desired lifestyle, aesthetic ideal and sense of self.

The problem is how to conceptualize the trajectory of change in ways that do justice to historical subjects’ experience and narratives, while avoiding uncritically reproducing Cold War binaries or perpetuating the normative status claimed by the postwar West in defining modernity and consumer culture.

The paper challenges dominant Cold War narratives, according to which Soviet popular relations with goods were encompassed by shortage and necessity. It advances understanding of the specific form of modern consumer culture, which, it argues, took shape in the USSR after Stalin.

Legged robots are inevitably to interact with the environment while they are moving. This paper aims to properly handle these interactions. It works to actively control the joint torques of a hydraulic-actuated leg prototype and achieve compliant motion of the leg.

This work focuses on the modelling and controlling of a hydraulic-actuated robot leg prototype. First, the design and kinematics of the leg prototype is introduced. Then the linearlized model for the hydraulic actuator is built, and a model-based leg joint torque controller is presented. Furthermore, the virtual model controller is implemented on the prototype leg to achieve active compliance of the leg. Effectiveness of the controllers are validated through the experiments on the physical platform as well as the results from simulations.

The hydraulic joint torque controller presented in this paper shows good torque tracking performance. And the actively compliant leg successfully emulates the performance of virtual passive components under dynamic situations.

The main contribution of this paper is that it proposed a model-based active compliance controller for the hydraulic-actuated robot leg. It will be helpful for those robots that aim to achieve versatile and safe motions.

In the recent past, academic researchers have noted the quantity of food wasted in food service establishments in educational institutions. However, more granular inputs are required to counter the challenge posed. The purpose of this study is to undertake a review of the prior literature in the area to provide a platform for future research.

Towards this end, the authors used a robust search protocol to identify 88 congruent studies to review and critically synthesize. The research profiling of the selected studies revealed limited studies conducted on food service establishments in universities. The research is also less dispersed geographically, remaining largely focused on the USA. Thereafter, the authors performed content analysis to identify seven themes around which the findings of prior studies were organized.

The key themes of the reviewed studies are the drivers of food waste, quantitative assessment of food waste, assessment of the behavioural aspects of food waste, operational strategies for reducing food waste, interventions for inducing behavioural changes to mitigate food waste, food diversion and food waste disposal processes and barriers to the implementation of food waste reduction strategies.

This study has key theoretical and practical implications. From the perspective of research, the study revealed various gaps in the extant findings and suggested potential areas that can be examined by academic researchers from the perspective of the hospitality sector. From the perspective of practice, the study recommended actionable strategies to help managers mitigate food waste.

The authors have made a novel contribution to the research on food waste reduction by identifying theme-based research gaps, suggesting potential research questions and proposing a framework based on the open-systems approach to set the future research agenda.

This study aims to highlight the impact of altruistic-self and hunger awareness on socially responsible food consumption through the lens of self-awareness and self-congruity theories due to the great challenge of Sustainable Development Goal 2: Zero Hunger.

A survey was conducted with a sample of 812 respondents. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) confirm each variable's structure through the measurement model and test the hypothesis to support a structural model.

The results highlight that the combination of altruistic-self and hunger awareness (AS-HA congruence) drives consumers to execute socially responsible food consumption. Meanwhile, consumers' food-saving attitude mediation translates to the attitude towards responsible and ethical use increasing socially responsible food consumption, a contextual development in the theory of congruence. Conversely, hunger awareness is not confirmed as significantly influencing socially responsible food consumption.

This research provides valuable insights for academicians and practitioners in developing food waste management strategies that can be implemented to reduce food wastage.

Food waste is a global concern and is challenging for many manufacturing, distribution and individual wastage levels. However, food wastage by consumers is one of the most critical problems which can be minimised with awareness and attitudinal changes in behaviour as a form of socially responsible consumption.