In 1973 Denmark, with virtually no production from indigenous resources, relied on imported oil for 90 per cent of its energy supplies. By 1980 the figure was down to 67 per cent…
Abstract
In 1973 Denmark, with virtually no production from indigenous resources, relied on imported oil for 90 per cent of its energy supplies. By 1980 the figure was down to 67 per cent. Coal imports and consumption increased five times between 1973 and 1980. With 10 million tons per year, Denmark currently ranks among the biggest importers of steam coal in the world. Between 1973 and 1979 real GNP increased by 12 per cent whereas total energy consumption was up only 6 per cent.
John Benington, Jean Hartley, J.C. Ry Nielsen and Ton Notten
The purpose of this paper is to analyse three innovative Master's programmes designed for public and voluntary sector managers across three EU countries.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to analyse three innovative Master's programmes designed for public and voluntary sector managers across three EU countries.
Design/methodology/approach
The paper compares similarities and differences between the programmes in order to shed light on the “innovation journey” which the authors took in establishing these programmes, and on the distinctive pedagogies which have been designed and developed to help address the complex dilemmas and challenges facing public and voluntary sector managers in the three countries.
Findings
The paper draws on theories of innovation and entrepreneurship to illustrate how these programmes were created, and how both new curriculum content and new approaches to pedagogy had to be developed.
Originality/value
The paper addresses the current and future learning needs of these public and voluntary service managers.