V.S. Madalli, Siddharama Patil, Ayyappa Hiremath and Ramesh Kudenatti
This paper aims to present a detailed analysis to explore the various properties of non-Newtonian couple stress lubricants between parallel porous plates.
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to present a detailed analysis to explore the various properties of non-Newtonian couple stress lubricants between parallel porous plates.
Design/methodology/approach
With reference to the theories based on micro-continuum analysis, a non-linear, non-Newtonian Reynolds type equation is arrived. The closed form solutions obtained clearly indicate the changes in pressure, load bearing capacity and response time because of variation in viscosity of couple stress fluid.
Findings
It is observed that the viscosity variation factor greatly influences the change in pressure, load carrying capacity and squeezing time.
Originality/value
It is observed that the nature of lubricants with suitable additives greatly helps in overcoming the adverse effect because of porous surface. Reynolds type equation is analysed using appropriate boundary conditions. The expression for pressure distribution arrived at in turn leads to the analysis of load bearing capacity and response time.
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Prabhugouda Mallanagouda Patil, S.H. Doddagoudar and P.S. Hiremath
The purpose of this paper is to present the surface roughness effects on mixed convection nanofluid flow with liquid hydrogen/liquid nitrogen diffusion.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to present the surface roughness effects on mixed convection nanofluid flow with liquid hydrogen/liquid nitrogen diffusion.
Design/methodology/approach
The small parameter (α) is considered along with the frequency parameter n to study the surface roughness. The non-similar transformations are used to reduce the dimensional non-linear partial differential equations into dimensionless form, and then, the resulting equations are solved with the help of Newton’s Quasilinearization technique and the finite difference scheme.
Findings
The impacts of several dimensionless parameters such as Brownian diffusion parameter (Nb), thermophoresis parameter (Nt), small parameter (α), etc., are analyzed over various profiles as well as gradients. Also, the investigation is carried out for in presence and absence of nanoparticles. The influence of surface roughness is sinusoidal in nature and is more significant near the origin in case of skin-friction coefficient. The addition of nanoparticles enhances the skin-friction coefficient and reduces the Nusselt number, while its effects are not noticeable in case of mass transfer rates. The presence of suction/blowing, respectively, enhances/decreases the Sherwood number pertaining to the liquid hydrogen.
Practical implications
The results of the present analysis are expected to be useful for the design engineers of polymer industries in manufacturing good quality polymer sheets.
Originality/value
To the best of the author’s knowledge, no such investigation has been carried out in the literature.
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Prabhugouda Mallanagouda Patil, Shashikant A. and P.S. Hiremath
The purpose of this study is to analyze the impacts of aqueous solutions such as NaCl-water and Sucrose-water on unsteady triple diffusive mixed convection flow along an…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study is to analyze the impacts of aqueous solutions such as NaCl-water and Sucrose-water on unsteady triple diffusive mixed convection flow along an exponentially decreasing external flow velocity in presence of suction/injection.
Design/methodology/approach
The proposed problem is modelled into dimensional partial differential equations which are nonlinear and coupled in nature. Non-similar transformations are used to transform these equations into non-dimensional form. To linearize the equations, quasilinearization technique has been used and then implicit finite difference scheme is used to discretise the linear partial differential equations.
Findings
The variations of various dimensionless parameters have been depicted on velocity, temperature and species concentration profiles for NaCl and Sucrose aqueous solutions through graphical representations. In addition, several results have been expressed through graphs pertaining to skin-friction coefficient, heat and mass transfer rates. The results indicate that the increase in Schmidt number raises the mass transfer rate for the case of NaCl-water and Sucrose-water solutions.
Originality/value
As per the authors’ best of knowledge, no investigations have been carried out in the literature on unsteady triple diffusive mixed convection flow along an exponentially decreasing mainstream velocity.
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Shivashankar Hiremath, Jeongwoo Oh, Younghoon Jung and Tae-Won Kim
Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene is an important material in 3D printing due to its strength, durability, heat resistance and cost-effectiveness. These properties make it suitable…
Abstract
Purpose
Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene is an important material in 3D printing due to its strength, durability, heat resistance and cost-effectiveness. These properties make it suitable for various applications, from functional prototypes to end-use products. This study aims to model and predict the mechanical properties of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene parts produced using the fused deposition modeling process.
Design/methodology/approach
The experiment was carefully designed to determine the optimal print parameters, including layer thickness, nozzle temperature and infill density. Tensile tests were performed on all printed samples following industry standards to gauge the mechanical properties such as elastic modulus, ultimate tensile strength, yield strength and breakpoint. Taguchi optimization and variable analysis were used to explore the relationship between mechanical properties and print parameters. Furthermore, an artificial neural network (ANN) regression model was implemented to predict mechanical properties based on varying print conditions.
Findings
The results demonstrated that layer thickness has the most significant influence on mechanical properties when compared to other print conditions. The optimization approaches indicated a clear relationship between the selected print parameters and the material’s mechanical response. For acrylonitrile butadiene styrene material, the optimal print settings were determined to be a 0.25 mm layer thickness, a 270 °C nozzle temperature and a 30 % infill density. Moreover, the ANN model notably excelled in predicting the yield strength of the material with greater accuracy than other mechanical properties.
Originality/value
Comparing the accuracy and capabilities of the Taguchi and ANN models in analyzing mechanical properties, it was found that both models closely matched the experimental data. However, the ANN model showed superior accuracy in predicting tensile outcomes. In conclusion, while the ANN model offers higher predictive accuracy for tensile results, both Taguchi and ANN methods are effective in modeling the mechanical properties of 3D-printed acrylonitrile butadiene styrene materials.
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Vidyut Raghu Viswanath, Shivashankar Hiremath and Dundesh S. Chiniwar
The purpose of this study, most recent advancements in threedimensional (3D) printing have focused on the fabrication of components. It is typical to use different print settings…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study, most recent advancements in threedimensional (3D) printing have focused on the fabrication of components. It is typical to use different print settings, such as raster angle, infill and orientation to improve the 3D component qualities while fabricating the sample using a 3D printer. However, the influence of these factors on the characteristics of the 3D parts has not been well explored. Owing to the effect of the different print parameters in fused deposition modeling (FDM) technology, it is necessary to evaluate the strength of the parts manufactured using 3D printing technology.
Design/methodology/approach
In this study, the effect of three print parameters − raster angle, build orientation and infill − on the tensile characteristics of 3D-printed components made of three distinct materials − acrylonitrile styrene acrylate (ASA), polycarbonate ABS (PC-ABS) and ULTEM-9085 − was investigated. A variety of test items were created using a commercially accessible 3D printer in various configurations, including raster angle (0°, 45°), (0°, 90°), (45°, −45°), (45°, 90°), infill density (solid, sparse, sparse double dense) and orientation (flat, on-edge).
Findings
The outcome shows that variations in tensile strength and force are brought on by the effects of various printing conditions. In all possible combinations of the print settings, ULTEM 9085 material has a higher tensile strength than ASA and PC-ABS materials. ULTEM 9085 material’s on-edge orientation, sparse infill, and raster angle of (0°, −45°) resulted in the greatest overall tensile strength of 73.72 MPa. The highest load-bearing strength of ULTEM material was attained with the same procedure, measuring at 2,932 N. The tensile strength of the materials is higher in the on-edge orientation than in the flat orientation. The tensile strength of all three materials is highest for solid infill with a flat orientation and a raster angle of (45°, −45°). All three materials show higher tensile strength with a raster angle of (45°, −45°) compared to other angles. The sparse double-dense material promotes stronger tensile properties than sparse infill. Thus, the strength of additive components is influenced by the combination of selected print parameters. As a result, these factors interact with one another to produce a high-quality product.
Originality/value
The outcomes of this study can serve as a reference point for researchers, manufacturers and users of 3D-printed polymer material (PC-ABS, ASA, ULTEM 9085) components seeking to optimize FDM printing parameters for tensile strength and/or identify materials suitable for intended tensile characteristics.
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N.B. Naduvinamani, P.S. Hiremath and Syeda Tasneem Fathima
This paper aims to advance the squeeze film characteristics of long partial journal bearings with couple stress fluid studied by Lin to include the effect of permeability on the…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to advance the squeeze film characteristics of long partial journal bearings with couple stress fluid studied by Lin to include the effect of permeability on the squeeze film lubrication of long partial porous journal bearings with couple stress fluids.
Design/methodology/approach
A semi‐analytical and semi‐numerical solution for the squeeze film lubrication of long porous partial journal bearings lubricated with couple stress fluid is presented in the paper. The modified Reynolds equation governing the fluid film pressure is derived. The modified Reynolds equation is solved analytically and closed form expressions for the squeeze film pressure and load carrying capacity are presented. The first‐order non‐linear equation for the time‐height relation is solved numerically with the given initial condition. The effect of couple stresses and permeability on the squeeze film characteristics are discussed.
Findings
It is found that the effect of couple stresses is to increase the load carrying capacity and to lengthen the squeeze film time as compared to the corresponding Newtonian case. The effect of permeability is to reduce the load carrying capacity and to decrease the squeeze film time as compared to the corresponding solid case.
Originality/value
In the design of porous partial journal bearings, the reduction in the load carrying capacity and the response time can be compensated by the use of lubricants with proper microstructures by which the bearing life can be increased.
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Dheeraj Lal Soni, Venkata Swamy Naidu Neigapula and Jagadish Jagadish
This paper aims to focus on the selection of an appropriate nature-inspired texture pattern for cutting tool tribological surface. The selection process uses the recognized skin…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to focus on the selection of an appropriate nature-inspired texture pattern for cutting tool tribological surface. The selection process uses the recognized skin textures of different snakes scrolling on highly rough and projected surface conditions to analyze suitability of texture based on the texture geometry and machining conditions. The work also aims to propose a texture pattern selection process to incorporate on cutting tool tribological surface.
Design/methodology/approach
The selection of alternative nature-inspired texture patterns based on the texture pattern geometry and machining properties leads to a multi-criteria decision-making problem. Thirteen criteria are considered for selecting an appropriate texture pattern among 14 alternatives, i.e. nature-inspired texture patterns. In the present work, an integrated analytical hierarchy process (AHP)-TOPSIS, AHP-multi-objective optimization on the basis of ratio analysis (MOORA) and AHP-Vlse Kriterijumska Optimizacija Kompromisno Resenje (VIKOR) approaches have been proposed for the selection of an appropriate nature-inspired texture pattern. AHP is used for the formulation of decision-making matrix and criteria weight calculations and ranking of alternatives is done by three methods. Spearman’s correlation compared and found positive relations between rank assigned by methods. Experimental validation is done in Lathe for selected texture effects.
Findings
The texture parameters C-1 (Width of texture) and C-2 (Depth of texture) are found significant, while T-2 (Blended Krait) and T-6 (Banded Racer-1) texture is found optimal to generate on cutting tool surface.
Research limitations/implications
Only some nature-inspired texture patterns have been recognized before the selection; an infinite number of textures are available in nature. The size of the texture pattern is difficult to identify by the selection process because each texture pattern may have different effects on tribological surfaces.
Practical implications
The proposed selection methodology of nature-inspired texture patterns will help identify optimal texture geometry for specific tribological applications. The nature-inspired texture patterned tool has a significant impact on the cutting force and temperature due to its tribological effect on the cutting tool surface; it decreases the power required for machining. The machining characteristics like roughness are found to decrease by using nature-inspired texture patterned tools.
Social implications
Various nature-inspire texture studies to generate specific effects on the tribological surfaces may be started study for the surface of aircraft, ships, bearings, etc. Small and big fabrication industries may benefit by decreasing the cost of machining using nature-inspired texture-patterned tools. Research society will pay attention to nature’s inspiration.
Originality/value
Novel snake-skin-inspired texture patterns are recognized and hybrid MCDM methods are proposed to select optimal texture pattern. Proposed method used single time normalization to effectively rank the alternatives. The insights gained from this research can be extrapolated to address similar challenges in selecting nature-inspired textures for various applications.
Peer review
The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/ILT-05-2024-0163/
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E.E. Lawrence and Virginia Sharpe
The purpose of this paper is to determine how we ought to distinguish between reference and readers' advisory (RA) service, given the latter’s turn toward a whole collection…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to determine how we ought to distinguish between reference and readers' advisory (RA) service, given the latter’s turn toward a whole collection approach. In other words, the paper answers this question: If both reference and RA librarians aim to meet patrons’ information needs and may theoretically do so using the same materials, then how are we to differentiate the two services conceptually?
Design/methodology/approach
In this conceptual paper, we posit that we can distinguish between RA and reference using Louise Rosenblatt’s theory of the aesthetic transaction. With this theory in hand, we can redefine the service distinction in terms of the stance – aesthetic or efferent – that the patron expects to take toward the material they seek.
Findings
On our account, the reader’s desired stance becomes a kind of hermeneutical lens through which a library worker may productively evaluate plausible pathways and materials. An aesthetic lens is characteristic of RA; it makes features of potential aesthetic transactions between a particular reader and a particular text (or genre or author’s oeuvre) salient.
Originality/value
The proposed account constitutes a novel application of Rosenblattian response theory, one that grounds and refines the going view that RA’s proper focus is on supporting a particular sort of experience rather than providing particular sorts of texts. This theoretical emendation also better aligns the service distinction with contemporary conceptualizations of RA as a “whole collection” service. Important practical and philosophical implications follow from the new account.
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N.B. Naduvinamani, Syeda Tasneem Fathima and P.S. Hiremath
In the present paper, the squeeze film lubrication between anisotropic porous rectangular plates with lubricants containing polar additives has been studied. The lubricants…
Abstract
In the present paper, the squeeze film lubrication between anisotropic porous rectangular plates with lubricants containing polar additives has been studied. The lubricants containing additives has been modelled as a Stokes couple stress fluid. The more realistic Beavers‐Joseph slip boundary conditions are used to derive the most general form of Reynolds equation, which account for the effects due to the lubricant additives and the anisotropic nature of porous material. The eigen type of expressions are obtained for the fluid film pressure, load carrying capacity and squeeze film time. It is observed that the effect of the lubricant additives is to increase the load carrying capacity and the squeeze film time as compared to the Newtonian lubricants. Further for anisotropic porous surface, the maximum load carrying capacity is attained for the rectangular (non‐square) plates.
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Shenlong Wang, Kaixin Han and Jiafeng Jin
In the past few decades, the content-based image retrieval (CBIR), which focuses on the exploration of image feature extraction methods, has been widely investigated. The term of…
Abstract
Purpose
In the past few decades, the content-based image retrieval (CBIR), which focuses on the exploration of image feature extraction methods, has been widely investigated. The term of feature extraction is used in two cases: application-based feature expression and mathematical approaches for dimensionality reduction. Feature expression is a technique of describing the image color, texture and shape information with feature descriptors; thus, obtaining effective image features expression is the key to extracting high-level semantic information. However, most of the previous studies regarding image feature extraction and expression methods in the CBIR have not performed systematic research. This paper aims to introduce the basic image low-level feature expression techniques for color, texture and shape features that have been developed in recent years.
Design/methodology/approach
First, this review outlines the development process and expounds the principle of various image feature extraction methods, such as color, texture and shape feature expression. Second, some of the most commonly used image low-level expression algorithms are implemented, and the benefits and drawbacks are summarized. Third, the effectiveness of the global and local features in image retrieval, including some classical models and their illustrations provided by part of our experiment, are analyzed. Fourth, the sparse representation and similarity measurement methods are introduced, and the retrieval performance of statistical methods is evaluated and compared.
Findings
The core of this survey is to review the state of the image low-level expression methods and study the pros and cons of each method, their applicable occasions and certain implementation measures. This review notes that image peculiarities of single-feature descriptions may lead to unsatisfactory image retrieval capabilities, which have significant singularity and considerable limitations and challenges in the CBIR.
Originality/value
A comprehensive review of the latest developments in image retrieval using low-level feature expression techniques is provided in this paper. This review not only introduces the major approaches for image low-level feature expression but also supplies a pertinent reference for those engaging in research regarding image feature extraction.