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Article
Publication date: 10 July 2020

K. Banu Priya, P. Rajendran, Sandeep Kumar M., Prabhu J., Sukumar Rajendran, P.J. Kumar, Thanapal P., Jabez Christopher and Jothikumar R.

The computational model proposed in this work uses the data's of COVID-19 cases in India. From the analysis, it can be observed that the proposed immunity model decides the…

699

Abstract

Purpose

The computational model proposed in this work uses the data's of COVID-19 cases in India. From the analysis, it can be observed that the proposed immunity model decides the recovery rate of COVID −19 patients; moreover, the recovery rate does not depend on the age of the patients. These analytic models can be used by public health professionals, hospital administrators and epidemiologists for strategic decision-making to enhance health requirements based on various demographic and social factors of those affected by the pandemic. Mobile-based computational model can be used to compute the travel history of the affected people by accessing the near geographical maps of the path traveled.

Design/methodology/approach

In this paper, the authors developed a pediatric and geriatric person’s immunity network-based mobile computational model for COVID-19 patients. As the computational model is hard to analyze mathematically, the authors simplified the computational model as general COVID-19 infected people, the computational immunity model. The model proposed in this work used the data's of COVID-19 cases in India.

Findings

This study proposes a pediatric and geriatric people immunity network model for COVID- 19 patients. For the analysis part, the data's on COVID-19 cases in India was used. In this model, the authors have taken two sets of people (pediatric and geriatric), both are facing common symptoms such as fever, cough and myalgia. From the analysis, it was observed and also proved that the immunity level of patients decides the recovery rate of COVID-19 patients and the age of COVID-19 patients has no significant influence on the recovery rate of the patient.

Originality/value

COVID-19 has created a global health crisis that has had a deep impact on the way we perceive our world and our everyday lives. Not only the rate of contagion and patterns of transmission threatens our sense of agency, but the safety measures put in place to contain the spread of the virus also require social distancing. The novel model in this work focus on the Indian scenario and thereby may help Indian health organizations for future planning and organization. The factors model in this work such as age, immunity level, recovery rate can be used by machine leaning models for predicting other useful outcomes.

Details

International Journal of Pervasive Computing and Communications, vol. 16 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1742-7371

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Article
Publication date: 14 July 2020

Banu Priya and Rajendran P.

The authors consider parallel four-state tandem open queueing network. The queue capacity is infinite. Passenger arrival rate is Poisson distribution and service rate is…

142

Abstract

Purpose

The authors consider parallel four-state tandem open queueing network. The queue capacity is infinite. Passenger arrival rate is Poisson distribution and service rate is exponential distribution. The queue is constructed in the form of tandem queue, and each and every queue of tandem queue is single server (M/M/1) queue. In tandem queue, passengers will leave the system once they receive service from both the states. The purpose of this paper is to provide performance analysis for four-state tandem open queue network, and a governing equation is formulated with the help of transition diagram. Using Burke theorem, the authors formulated equation for average number of passenger in the system, average waiting time of passenger in the system, average number of passenger in the queue and average waiting time of passenger in the queue.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper used Burke’s theorem.

Findings

In this paper, performance analysis is done for parallel four-state tandem open queueing network and performance measure solved using Burkes theorem formula. K. Sreekanth et al. has done performance analysis for single tandem queue with three states. In this paper, the authors have done performance analysis for two tandem queues parallel with four states. This four-state tandem open queueing network is suitable for real world applications. This paper can extend for more number of service states and multi-server states according to the application, and in such case, the authors have to prove and explain with numerical examples. This analysis is more useful for the applications such as airports, railway stations, bus-stands and banks.

Originality/value

In this paper, parallel four-state tandem open queueing network and performance measure has been solved using Burke’s theorem formula.

Details

International Journal of Pervasive Computing and Communications, vol. 17 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1742-7371

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Article
Publication date: 23 August 2011

Rajesh Chandrashekaran

This paper aims to investigate how consumers adjust their price expectations for brands in response to previously encountered prices. The effects of two distinct components of…

1487

Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to investigate how consumers adjust their price expectations for brands in response to previously encountered prices. The effects of two distinct components of price history, focal and contextual, are examined. The focal component represents the role of a brand's own previous price(s) in determining future price expectations. In contrast, the contextual component represents the impact of the prices of previously considered competing brands.

Design/methodology/approach

A total of 60 subjects were enrolled to participate in a longitudinal, quantitative, survey‐based study that required them to provide information on brand perceptions, price expectations, brand consideration and choice.

Findings

Empirical comparison of several model formulations confirms that both components are crucial in explaining how consumers adjust their price expectations in response to the prices of considered brands. Consistent with a wide body of research, a brand's own previous price exerts the greatest influence on price expectations. However, the extent to which contextual prices are assimilated depends on the composition of consumers' consideration sets. Avenues for future research and implications for brand pricing and positioning are discussed.

Originality/value

The results offer several unique perspectives that stand out from (and build further on) previous research. First, although previous research has examined the effects of competing brands' current prices on brand choices, it has not incorporated the prices of competing brands that may have been observed on previous shopping occasions. Second, measures and assesses the perceived variability within the consumers' consideration sets influences the impact of the contextual component on a brand's current reference price.

Details

Journal of Product & Brand Management, vol. 20 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1061-0421

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Article
Publication date: 1 June 1999

K. Rajendran

Computer simulations were done extensively in order to study non‐linear dynamics of laser‐plasma interaction in InSb semiconductor. We constructed the modified Duffing kind of…

149

Abstract

Computer simulations were done extensively in order to study non‐linear dynamics of laser‐plasma interaction in InSb semiconductor. We constructed the modified Duffing kind of non‐linear semiconductor plasma oscillator equation. Collision frequency is found to be dominant parameter to influence the bifurcation, chaos, hysteresis and bistable effects of plasma wave. Small windows of higher period cascade above the critical value of laser parameter (α1α2) in the chaos region are observed. Laser‐plasma exhibits too much chaotic regime at lower value of laser driving frequency (δ). Hysteresis and bistable regions of plasma wave are presented and the conditions for their occurence are identified. The unstable regions completely merge at higher value of effective collision frequency (γ).

Details

COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering, vol. 18 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0332-1649

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Article
Publication date: 10 May 2019

Wenan Wu and Hong Zheng

This study aims to introduce the hybrid finite element (FE) – meshfree method and multiscale variational principle into the traditional mixed FE formulation, leading to a stable…

114

Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to introduce the hybrid finite element (FE) – meshfree method and multiscale variational principle into the traditional mixed FE formulation, leading to a stable mixed formulation for incompressible linear elasticity which circumvents the need to satisfy inf-sup condition.

Design/methodology/approach

Using the hybrid FE–meshfree method, the displacement and pressure are interpolated conveniently with the same order so that a continuous pressure field can be obtained with low-order elements. The multiscale variational principle is then introduced into the Galerkin form to obtain stable and convergent results.

Findings

The present method is capable of overcoming volume locking and does not exhibit unphysical oscillations near the incompressible limit. Moreover, there are no extra unknowns introduced in the present method because the fine-scale unknowns are eliminated using the static condensation technique, and there is no need to evaluate any user-defined stability parameter as the classical stabilization methods do. The shape functions constructed in the present model possess continuous derivatives at nodes, which gives a continuous and more precise stress field with no need of an additional smooth process. The shape functions in the present model also possess the Kronecker delta property, so that it is convenient to impose essential boundary conditions.

Originality/value

The proposed model can be implemented easily. Its convergence rates and accuracy in displacement, energy and pressure are even comparable to those of second-order mixed elements.

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Article
Publication date: 1 October 2001

P. Manjula, S. Manonmani, P. Jayaram and S. Rajendran

The inhibition efficiency of N‐cetyl‐N,N,N‐trimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), a cationic surfactant, in controlling the corrosion of carbon steel in an aqueous solution containing…

420

Abstract

The inhibition efficiency of N‐cetyl‐N,N,N‐trimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), a cationic surfactant, in controlling the corrosion of carbon steel in an aqueous solution containing 60ppm Cl, in the absence and presence of Zn2+ and also calcium gluconate (CG), had been evaluated by the weight‐loss method. Weight‐loss studies revealed that the behaviour of CTAB changed when its concentration is ≥ 150ppm. Organisation of assembly of CTAB molecules is expected to take place at this critical concentration. The protective film has been analysed using FTIR spectra. In the presence of CTAB, the protective film consists of Fe2+‐CTAB complex. In the presence of CTAB and Zn2+, the protective film consists of Fe2+‐CTAB complex and Zn(OH)2. In the presence of CTAB and calcium gluconate, the protective film consists of Fe2+‐CTAB complex, Fe2+‐gluconate complex and Ca(OH)2.

Details

Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials, vol. 48 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0003-5599

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Article
Publication date: 1 October 2000

S. Rajendran, B.V. Apparao and N. Palaniswamy

2‐chloroethyl phosphonic acid (2‐Cl EPA) and Zn2+ show a synergistic effect in controlling corrosion of carbon steel in a neutral aqueous environment containing 60 ppm Cl. The…

303

Abstract

2‐chloroethyl phosphonic acid (2‐Cl EPA) and Zn2+ show a synergistic effect in controlling corrosion of carbon steel in a neutral aqueous environment containing 60 ppm Cl. The protective film consists of Fe2+–2–Cl EPA complex and Zn(OH)2; it is found to be uv‐luminescent.

Details

Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials, vol. 47 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0003-5599

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Article
Publication date: 1 January 1995

N. Rajendran, K. Ravichandran and S. Rajeswari

Sulphur dioxide, a dangerous atmospheric pollutant, is a major concern with the increasing use of coal as a combustion fuel in thermal power plants. Numerous efforts were made…

45

Abstract

Sulphur dioxide, a dangerous atmospheric pollutant, is a major concern with the increasing use of coal as a combustion fuel in thermal power plants. Numerous efforts were made through these years to minimize the emission of sulphur dioxide and one such effort is the desulphurization of the flue gas generated during combustion, commonly termed as flue gas desulphurization (FGD). However, the materials of construction used for FGD systems, usually of type 316L stainless steel were reported to be failed due to the localized corrosion attack by the aggressiveness of the environment, mainly of chloride, fluoride, acidity and temperature encountered during the scrubbing of SO2.

Details

Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials, vol. 42 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0003-5599

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Article
Publication date: 1 August 1998

S. Rajendran, B.V. Apparao and N. Palaniswamy

The formulation consisting of 300ppm 1‐hydroxyethane‐1, 1‐diphosphonic acid (HEDP), 50ppm polyacrylamide (PAA) and 50 ppm Zn2+ offered 99 per cent corrosion inhibition and 99 to…

260

Abstract

The formulation consisting of 300ppm 1‐hydroxyethane‐1, 1‐diphosphonic acid (HEDP), 50ppm polyacrylamide (PAA) and 50 ppm Zn2+ offered 99 per cent corrosion inhibition and 99 to 99.9 per cent biocidal inhibition to mild steel in neutral aqueous environment containing 60ppm Cl‐ , a situation commonly encountered in cooling water systems. The nature of the protective film formed on the metal surface was analysed using X‐ray diffraction, UV‐visible reflectance, FTIR and luminescence spectra. The film was found to be luminescent and to consist of Fe2+ ‐HEDP complex, Fe2+ ‐PAA complex and Zn(OH)2.

Details

Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials, vol. 45 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0003-5599

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Article
Publication date: 1 March 1995

N. Rajendran and S. Rajeswari

The emission of SO2, a dangerous atmospheric pollutant, is the major problem with increasing the use of coal as fuel in various industries, particularly in thermal power plants. A…

38

Abstract

The emission of SO2, a dangerous atmospheric pollutant, is the major problem with increasing the use of coal as fuel in various industries, particularly in thermal power plants. A variety of methods for minimizing the SO2 emission have been reported in the literature, among which the desulphurization of the flue gas, generated by combustion of coal receives much attention and is termed as flue gas desulphurization (FGD). FGD scrubbers have found widespread use in thermal power plants, smelters, incinerators and various refining operations. The scrubber parts must resist corrosion from solution which have a varying degree of acidity and erosion, besides containing substantial concentrations of chlorides and SO2, and the unfavourable conditions of fluctuations in temperature. The currently‐used type 316L stainless steel material in many FGD installations, were reported to have failed, due to the localized corrosion attack by the aggressiveness of the environment encountered during scrubbing of SO2. Normally, the improvement in corrosion performance of the construction materials can be achieved by:

Details

Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials, vol. 42 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0003-5599

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