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This study aims to investigate the unsteady magnetohydrodynamic mixed convective nanofluid flow by using Buongiorno two-phase model to achieve an appropriate mechanism to improve the efficiency of solar energy systems by mitigating the energy losses.

The transport phenomena occurring in this physical problem are modelled using nonlinear partial differential equations and are non-dimensionalised by using non-similar transformations. The quasilinearisation technique is used to solve the resulting system with the help of a finite difference scheme.

The study reveals that the effect of the applied transverse magnetic parameter is to increase the temperature profile and to reduce the wall heat transfer rate. The Brownian diffusion and thermophoresis parameters that characterise the nanofluids contribute to the reduction in wall heat transfer rate. The presence of nanoparticles in the fluid gives rise to critical values for the thermophoresis parameter describing the behaviour of the wall heat and mass transfer rates. Wall heating and cooling are analysed by considering the percentage increase or percentage decrease in the heat and mass transfer rates in the presence of nanoparticles in the fluid.

The investigation on wall cooling/heating leads to the analysis of control parameters applicable to the industrial design of thermal systems for energy storage, energy harvesting and cooling applications.

The analysis of the control parameters is of practical value to the solar industry.

In countries, such as South Africa, daily power cuts are a reality. Any research into improving the quality of energy obtained from alternate sources is a national necessity.

From the literature survey in the present study, it is found that no similar work has been reported in the open literature that analyses the time-dependent mixed convection flow along the exponentially stretching surface in the presence of the effects of a magnetic field, nanoparticles and non-similar solutions.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the impacts of aqueous solutions such as NaCl-water and Sucrose-water on unsteady triple diffusive mixed convection flow along an exponentially decreasing external flow velocity in presence of suction/injection.

The proposed problem is modelled into dimensional partial differential equations which are nonlinear and coupled in nature. Non-similar transformations are used to transform these equations into non-dimensional form. To linearize the equations, quasilinearization technique has been used and then implicit finite difference scheme is used to discretise the linear partial differential equations.

The variations of various dimensionless parameters have been depicted on velocity, temperature and species concentration profiles for NaCl and Sucrose aqueous solutions through graphical representations. In addition, several results have been expressed through graphs pertaining to skin-friction coefficient, heat and mass transfer rates. The results indicate that the increase in Schmidt number raises the mass transfer rate for the case of NaCl-water and Sucrose-water solutions.

As per the authors’ best of knowledge, no investigations have been carried out in the literature on unsteady triple diffusive mixed convection flow along an exponentially decreasing mainstream velocity.

This paper aims to investigate the unsteady mixed convection along an exponentially stretching surface in presence of transverse magnetic field applied at the wall and the opposing buoyancy flow.

The dimensional partial differential equations governing the flow field are transformed to non-dimensional coupled partial differential equations with the aid of suitable non-similar transformations. The resulting equations are then solved by the coalition of quasilinearization technique and the finite difference method.

Effects of volumetric heat source/sink, suction/blowing and other dimensionless parameters on velocity and temperature profiles are examined numerically. This investigation reveals that in presence of opposing buoyancy flow, the suction and volumetric heat source enhances the skin-friction coefficient, while the rise in the MHD increases the momentum boundary layer.

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, no such investigation has been carried out in the literature.

Many industries use non-Newtonian ternary hybrid nanofluids (THNF) because of how well they control rheological and heat transport. This being the case, this paper aims to numerically study the Casson-Williamson THNF flow over a yawed cylinder, considering the effects of several slips and an inclined magnetic field. The THNF comprises Al₂O₃-TiO₂-SiO₂ nanoparticles because they improve heat transmission due to large thermal conductivity.

Applying suitable nonsimilarity variables transforms the coupled highly dimensional nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs) into a system of nondimensional PDEs. To accomplish the goal of achieving the solution, an implicit finite difference approach is used in conjunction with Quasilinearization. With the assistance of a script written in MATLAB, the numerical results and the graphical representation of those solutions were ascertained.

As the Casson parameter β increases, there is an improvement in the velocity profiles in both chord and span orientations, while the gradients Re1/2Cf, Re1/2C¯f reduce for the same variations of β. The velocities of Casson THNF are greater than those of Casson-Williamson THNF. Approximately, a 202% and a 32% ascension are remarked in the magnitudes of Re1/2Cf and Re1/2C¯f for Casson-Williamson THNF than the Casson THNF only. When velocity slip attribute S1 jumps to 1 from 0.5, magnitude of both F(ξ,η) and Re1/2Cf fell down and it is reflected to be 396% at ξ=1, Wi=1 and β=1. An augmentation in thermal jump results in advanced fluid temperature and lower Re−1/2Nu. In particular, about 159% of down drift is detected when S2 taking 1.

There is no existing research on the effects of Casson-Williamson THNF flow over a yawed cylinder with multiple slips and an angled magnetic field, according to the literature.

The purpose of this paper is to consider the influence of slip flow and thermal jump and to investigate its effects on unsteady mixed convection along an exponentially stretching surface. It is also intended to explore the influence of suction/injection and volumetric heat source/sink on the fluid flow.

The assumed problem is modelled into governing equations which are dimensional non-linear partial differential equations in nature. To obtain solutions, initially the governing equations were made non-dimensional by the suitable non-similar transformations. Then, the dimensionless non-linear partial differential equations are linearized with the aid of Quasilinearization technique. The so obtained equations are discretized by the implicit finite difference method.

The detailed analysis of the considered problem displays that the non-similarity variable reduces the velocity and temperature profiles. For higher values of mixed convection parameter, the magnitude of velocity profile as well as the Nusselt number increase. The unsteady variable diminishes the fluid flow. The higher values of velocity ratio parameter reduce the skin-friction coefficient. Further, the magnitude of skin-friction coefficient and heat transfer rate are to minimize for increasing values of partial slip and thermal jump parameters, respectively. Volumetric heat source and injection parameters are to rise the flow behavior within the momentum and thermal boundary layers significantly.

To the best of authors’ knowledge, no such investigation has been found in the literature.

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the magnetohydrodynamics mixed convection flow over an exponentially stretching surface in the presence of non-uniform heat source/sink and cross-diffusion. Adequate non-similar transformations are used to transform governing mixed convection boundary layer equations to dimensionless form.

These dimensionless partial differential equations are solved by using implicit finite difference scheme in conjunction with Quasi-linearization technique.

The effects of admissible parameters such as Eckert number (Ec), the ratio of buoyancy forces parameter (N), non-uniform heat source/sink, Soret and Dufour numbers on flow, temperature and concentration distributions are discussed and analysed through graphs. In addition, the results for skin friction coefficient, Sherwood number and Nusselt number are presented and discussed graphically.

In literature, no research work has been found in similar to this research paper.

This paper aims to provide a detailed study on the influence of slip flow and thermal jump over mixed convection flow along an exponentially stretching surface. Also, impacts of suction/blowing, volumetric heat source/sink and velocity ratio parameter will be studied in this analysis.

The modeled governing equations for the assumed problem are dimensional nonlinear partial differential equations in nature. To reduce these equations, non-similar transformations are used to get the dimensionless nonlinear partial differential equations. Then, quasi-linearization technique is used to linearize these non-dimensional nonlinear partial differential equations. Finally, an implicit finite difference scheme is used to discretize the resulting equations.

The physical explanations are provided for the variations of various non-dimensional governing parameters over the velocity and temperature profiles. Also, the effects of these dimensionless parameters on skin friction coefficient and heat transfer rate are scrutinized in a manner which highlights their physical interpretation. The detailed discussion exhibits the fact that the streamwise co-ordinate velocity ratio parameter, partial slip parameter and the thermal jump parameter have significant influence over the flow and thermal fields.

This work has not been reported in the literature to the authors’ best of knowledge.

The purpose of this paper is to present the surface roughness effects on mixed convection nanofluid flow with liquid hydrogen/liquid nitrogen diffusion.

The small parameter (α) is considered along with the frequency parameter n to study the surface roughness. The non-similar transformations are used to reduce the dimensional non-linear partial differential equations into dimensionless form, and then, the resulting equations are solved with the help of Newton’s Quasilinearization technique and the finite difference scheme.

The impacts of several dimensionless parameters such as Brownian diffusion parameter (Nb), thermophoresis parameter (Nt), small parameter (α), etc., are analyzed over various profiles as well as gradients. Also, the investigation is carried out for in presence and absence of nanoparticles. The influence of surface roughness is sinusoidal in nature and is more significant near the origin in case of skin-friction coefficient. The addition of nanoparticles enhances the skin-friction coefficient and reduces the Nusselt number, while its effects are not noticeable in case of mass transfer rates. The presence of suction/blowing, respectively, enhances/decreases the Sherwood number pertaining to the liquid hydrogen.

The results of the present analysis are expected to be useful for the design engineers of polymer industries in manufacturing good quality polymer sheets.

To the best of the author’s knowledge, no such investigation has been carried out in the literature.

The main purpose of this study is to present a non-similar analysis of two-dimensional boundary layer flow of non-Newtonian nanofluid over a vertical stretching sheet with variable thermal conductivity. The Sisko fluid model is used for non-Newtonian fluid with an exponent (n* > 1), that is, shear thickening fluid. Buongiorno model for nanofluid accounting Brownian diffusion and thermophoresis effects is used to model the governing differential equations.

The governing boundary layer equations are converted into nondimensional coupled nonlinear partial differential equations using appropriate transformations. The resultant differential equations are solved numerically using implicit finite difference scheme in association with the quasilinearization technique.

This analysis shows that the temperature raises for thermal conductivity parameter and velocity ratio parameter while decreases for the thermal buoyancy parameter. The thermophoresis and Brownian diffusion parameter that characterizes the nanofluid flow enhances the temperature and reduces the heat transfer rate. Skin friction drag can be effectively reduced by proper control of the values of thermal buoyancy and velocity ratio parameter.

The wall heating and cooling investigation result in the analysis of the control parameters that are related to the designing and manufacturing of thermal systems for cooling applications and energy harvesting. These control parameters have practical significance in the designing of heat exchangers and solar thermal collectors, in glass and polymer industries, in the extrusion of plastic sheets, the process of cooling of the metallic plate, etc.

To the best of authors’ knowledge, it is found from the literature survey that no similar work has been published which investigates the non-similar solution of Sisko nanofluid with variable thermal conductivity using finite difference method and quasilinearization technique.

The objective of this article is to articulate a research agenda in architecture and urbanism by reviewing the contributions to Archnet-IJAR: International Journal of Architectural Research from 2022 to 2024. The article aims to develop a robust classification into established, evolving and emerging knowledge spaces. Such a classification seeks to offer insights into the role Archnet-IJAR plays in shaping current and future global research trends in architecture and urbanism.

A combination of bibliometric and textual analysis was employed, utilising tools such as VosViewer and Infranodus to map thematic structures and research trends. The examined articles were categorised into established, evolving and emerging knowledge spaces to assess how the journal dynamically adapts to and reflects global shifts in architectural and urban discourse. This classification offers a strategic lens into the influence of Archnet-IJAR on research trajectories and shaping the future landscape of scholarship in architecture and urbanism.

The study identifies three primary areas of discourse: sustainability and resilience, technology and innovation, and community-centred design. Key trends include the rise of AI and smart technologies, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on design strategies, and the integration of SDGs into architectural education and practice. Established knowledge spaces such as urban morphology and cultural heritage remain foundational while evolving spaces such as sustainability and resilience are gaining prominence. Emerging spaces such as smart technologies and bioclimatic architecture appear to be the future trajectory of research in the field.

The study focuses on three years (2022–2024) of analysing Archnet-IJAR content within an overarching contextualisation over the past decade. However, this may not capture longer-term trends.

The study presents a critical classification of architectural and urban discourse, highlighting the evolving nature of the field in response to global challenges. The notion of the knowledge spaces as a unique conceptualisation that integrates various thematic areas is emphasised.