P.E. Dijk, A.M.C. Janse, J.A.M. Kuipers and W.P.M. van Swaaij
The average residence time of liquid flowing over the surface of a rotating cone was determined numerically. The development and propagation of the free surface flow was simulated…
Abstract
The average residence time of liquid flowing over the surface of a rotating cone was determined numerically. The development and propagation of the free surface flow was simulated using the volume of fluid (VOF) method. The numerical simulations were validated using laboratory experiments using soy‐oil as a model liquid, and approximate analytical solutions of the simplified governing equations. The numerical simulations revealed the importance of the cone rotation frequencies and the minor influence of the cone angles on the residence times. Higher liquid throughputs produced smaller residence times. As expected, an increasing cone size results in proportionally higher residence times. Furthermore, it was established that even for small cones with a characteristic diameter of, e.g. less than 1m, relatively high (∼1 kg/s) throughputs of liquid are possible. It appears that the combination of the decreasing layer thickness and the increasing size of the numerical grid cells with increasing radial cone coordinate hampers the numerical simulation of this system.
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A.M.C. Janse, P.E. Dijk and J.A.M. Kuipers
The volume of fluid (VOF) method is a numerical technique to track the developing free surfaces of liquids in motion. This method can, for example, be applied to compute the…
Abstract
The volume of fluid (VOF) method is a numerical technique to track the developing free surfaces of liquids in motion. This method can, for example, be applied to compute the liquid flow patterns in a rotating cone reactor. For this application a spherical coordinate system is most suited. The novel derivation of the extended VOF algorithms for this class of applications is presented here. Some practical limitations of this method, that are inherent in the geometry of the described system, are discussed.
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R. Ravindran, Satyajit Roy and E. Momoniat
The purpose of this paper is to study the steady mixed convection flow over a vertical cone in the presence of surface mass transfer when the axis of the cone is inline with the…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to study the steady mixed convection flow over a vertical cone in the presence of surface mass transfer when the axis of the cone is inline with the flow.
Design/methodology/approach
In this case, the numerical difficulties to obtain the non‐similar solution are overcome by applying an implicit finite difference scheme in combination with the quasilinearization technique.
Findings
Numerical results are reported here to display the effects of Prandtl number, buoyancy and mass transfer (injection and suction) parameters at different stream‐wise locations on velocity and temperature profiles, and on skin friction and heat transfer coefficients.
Research limitations/implications
Thermo‐physical properties of the fluid in the flow model are assumed to be constant except the density variations causing a body force term in the momentum equation. The Boussinesq approximation is invoked for the fluid properties to relate the density changes to temperature changes and to couple in this way the temperature field to the flow field.
Practical implications
Convective heat transfer over a stationary cone is important for the thermal design of various types of industrial equipments such as heat exchangers, conisters for nuclear waste disposal, nuclear reactor cooling systems and geothermal reservoirs, etc.
Originality/value
The combined effects of thermal diffusion and surface mass transfer on a vertical cone has been studied.
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Lidija Ivanovic, Bojana Dimic Surla, Dusan Surla, Dragan Ivanovic, Zora Konjovic and Gordana Rudic
Dissertations from the University of Novi Sad (UNS) are integrated with the research information system called the current research information system (CRIS) UNS. This paper aims…
Abstract
Purpose
Dissertations from the University of Novi Sad (UNS) are integrated with the research information system called the current research information system (CRIS) UNS. This paper aims to present a proposal for an extension of this system to enable the storage of student papers as prescribed by PhD study exam obligations. The proposed extension enables preservation and improves discoverability of scientific and technical works produced by students during their PhD studies.
Design/methodology/approach
An analysis of examination modes in accredited PhD study programs has been conducted. It was noted that students in examination modes verify the obtained results in the form of scientific and technical work. The main idea of this paper is to enable the preservation of those student results and to implement electronic services for retrieving those results by current and future PhD students to empower the development of science.
Findings
The proposal includes an extension of the CRIS UNS to store and publish student papers as prescribed as a PhD study exam obligation; an extension of the CERIF data model to enable storing of student papers; cataloguing student papers in the MARC 21 format; and a way to represent student papers in the Dublin Core format.
Practical implications
This paper can be a starting point for initiatives for the creation of institutional, regional, national and international Web portals for searching and browsing papers by PhD students.
Social implications
This system offers the improvement of cooperation between PhD students from different institutions and countries.
Originality/value
The paper presents an extension of institutional, national and international current research information system (CRIS) systems which will enable the preservation and improve discoverability of student papers produced during PhD studies. The proposed extension has been verified by its implementation within the CRIS UNS system, which also supports monitoring of the scientific competencies of students based on an automatic evaluation of published scientific results.
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Andrea Sestino, Marco Valerio Rossi, Luca Giraldi and Francesca Faggioni
The purpose of this paper is to investigate consumers' reactions to a new kind of green food product that is the so-called lab-grown meat (LGM). This kind of meat does not derive…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate consumers' reactions to a new kind of green food product that is the so-called lab-grown meat (LGM). This kind of meat does not derive from animal or vegetal cultures but is produced on the basis of “tissue-engineering” technologies, by injecting muscle tissue from an animal into a cell culture, allowing cells to “grow” outside the animal's body. By considering the similar nutritional characteristics of traditional types of meat, and the potential in terms of sustainability, the authors investigate the effect of the advertising, communication focus promoting LGM-based meat, on consumers' willingness to buy (WTB) and word-of-mouth (WOM), by shedding light on the moderator role of consumers' environmentalism and status consumption orientation tendency in influencing such relationship.
Design/methodology/approach
Through an exploratory research design, the authors conducted a study based on a two-cell experiment that manipulated the advertising communication focus by using a hamburger made of synthetic meat related to a fictitious brand called “Gnam”, to manipulate the advertising communication focus (sustainability vs. taste), then evaluating consumers' WTB, WOM, environmentalism and status consumption orientation.
Findings
Results show that the communication focus (sustainability vs. taste) exerts a positive effect on consumers' WTB and WOM, and how such effect is magnified both by consumers' environmentalism and status consumption orientation, in the attempt to show other a green status and their green consumption tendency.
Research limitations/implications
Despite the promising results, the study does not consider other consumers' individual differences, i.e. as for the role of age, or cultural differences.
Practical implications
Practically, this study suggests marketers and managers how to design effective marketing campaigns to incentivise LGM-based food products purchase, and promote positive WOM, on the basis of certain consumers' individual differences useful to segment their clientele in terms of environmentalism, and status consumption orientation tendency.
Social implications
Socially, this study may contribute to incentivising the use of alternative forms of meat as a food product not deriving from animal or vegetal culture, coherently with recent sustainability worldwide claimed goals.
Originality/value
This is the first paper to investigate consumers' reactions to LGM-based food products, by shedding light on the fundamental role of consumers' individual differences.
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A strong definition of aboutness and a theory of its role in information retrieval systems have not been developed. Such a definition and theory may be extracted from the work of…
Abstract
A strong definition of aboutness and a theory of its role in information retrieval systems have not been developed. Such a definition and theory may be extracted from the work of T. A. van Dijk. This paper discusses some of the implications of van Dijk's work for bibliographic classification theory. Two kinds of intertextuality are identified: that between documents classified in the same class of the same classification system; and that between the classification system as a text in its own right and the documents that are classified by it. Consideration of the two kinds of intertextuality leads to an investigation of the linguistic/cognitive processes that have been called the ‘translation’ of a document topic into a classificatory language. A descriptive model of the cognitive process of classifying documents is presented. The general design of an empirical study to test this model is suggested, and some problems of implementing such a study are briefly identified. It is concluded that further investigation of the relationships between text linguistics and classification theory and practice might reveal other fruitful intersections between the two fields.
Citizens are substantial stakeholders in every e-government system, thus their willingness to use and ability to access the system are critical. Unequal access and information and…
Abstract
Citizens are substantial stakeholders in every e-government system, thus their willingness to use and ability to access the system are critical. Unequal access and information and communication technology usage, which is known as digital divide, however has been identified as one of the major obstacles to the implementation of e-government system. As digital divide inhibits citizen’s acceptance to e-government, it should be overcome despite the lack of deep theoretical understanding on this issue. This research aimed to investigate the digital divide and its direct impact on e-government system success of local governments in Indonesia as well as indirect impact through the mediation role of trust. In order to get a comprehensive understanding of digital divide, this study introduced a new type of digital divide, the innovativeness divide.
The research problems were approached by applying two-stage sequential mixed method research approach comprising of both qualitative and quantitative studies. In the first phase, an initial research model was proposed based on a literature review. Semi-structured interview with 12 users of e-government systems was then conducted to explore and enhance this initial research model. Data collected in this phase were analyzed with a two-stage content analysis approach and the initial model was then amended based on the findings. As a result, a comprehensive research model with 16 hypotheses was proposed for examination in the second phase.
In the second phase, quantitative method was applied. A questionnaire was developed based on findings in the first phase. A pilot study was conducted to refine the questionnaire, which was then distributed in a national survey resulting in 237 useable responses. Data collected in this phase were analyzed using Partial Least Square based Structural Equation Modeling.
The results of quantitative analysis confirmed 13 hypotheses. All direct influences of the variables of digital divide on e-government system success were supported. The mediating effects of trust in e-government in the relationship between capability divide and e-government system success as well as in the relationship between innovativeness divide and e-government system success were supported, but was rejected in the relationship between access divide and e-government system success. Furthermore, the results supported the moderating effects of demographic variables of age, residential place, and education.
This research has both theoretical and practical contributions. The study contributes to the developments of literature on digital divide and e-government by providing a more comprehensive framework, and also to the implementation of e-government by local governments and the improvement of e-government Readiness Index of Indonesia.
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Maria Csutora and Zsófia Vetőné Mózner
Reducing meat consumption requires significant effort from individuals. Such shifts in diet can be compelling examples of radical lifestyle change. The article explores factors…
Abstract
Purpose
Reducing meat consumption requires significant effort from individuals. Such shifts in diet can be compelling examples of radical lifestyle change. The article explores factors that may trigger radical behavioural change. Decreased meat consumption yields environmental and health advantages; nevertheless, individuals often neglect to adopt this change in their diet.
Design/methodology/approach
The conceptual model is based on Fogg’s behavioural framework. The research is based on a survey, where respondents have already changed their lifestyles and reduced their meat consumption in the past. Respondents were recruited from social media groups in Hungary. Particular emphasis is put on the deeper analysis of open-ended questions. The coding process proposed by Strauss and Corbin was followed. Coding and analysis were supported by NVivo software.
Findings
Motivations, abilities and triggers of dietary changes were identified. Results revealed the prominent role of content creators. Influencers and social media can play an incubator role in diffusing new consumption patterns. Strong emotional experiences can also trigger radical lifestyle changes. Discouraging voices were mainly those of family and close acquaintances. Children tend to encourage parents, while parents tend to discourage children when it comes to reducing meat consumption.
Originality/value
Behaviour change theories primarily focus on incremental changes, yet there is a growing need to understand radical lifestyle changes related to food consumption. This article explores the triggering factors of such radical dietary changes. The study is a rare example of large-scale qualitative sustainable consumption research.