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Article
Publication date: 24 August 2021

Bukola Joseph Babalola, Ojo Jeremiah Akinribide, Olukayode Samuel Akinwamide and Peter Apata Olubambi

During the operation of nickel-based alloys as blades and discs in turbines, the sliding activity between metallic surfaces is subjected to structural and compositional changes…

128

Abstract

Purpose

During the operation of nickel-based alloys as blades and discs in turbines, the sliding activity between metallic surfaces is subjected to structural and compositional changes. In as much as friction and wear are influenced by interacting surfaces, it is necessary to investigate these effects. This study aims to understand better the mechanical and tribological characteristics of Ni-17Cr-10X (X = Mo, W, Ta) ternary alloy systems developed via spark plasma sintering (SPS) technique.

Design/methodology/approach

Nickel-based ternary alloys were fabricated via SPS technique at 50 MPa, 1100 °C, 100 °C/min and a dwell time of 10 mins. Scanning electron microscopy, X-Ray diffraction, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, nanoindentation techniques and tribometer were used to assess the microstructure, phase composition, elemental dispersion, mechanical and tribological characteristics of the sintered nickel-based alloys.

Findings

The outcome of the investigation showed that the Ni-17Cr10Mo alloy exhibited the highest indentation hardness value of 8045 MPa, elastic modulus value of 386 GPa and wear resistance. At the same time, Ni-17Cr10W possessed the least mechanical and wear properties.

Originality/value

It can be shown that the SPS technique is efficient in the development of nickel-based alloys with good elemental distribution and without defects such as segregation of alloying elements, non-metallic inclusions. This is evident from the scanning electron microscopy micrographs.

Details

World Journal of Engineering, vol. 20 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1708-5284

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Article
Publication date: 25 May 2010

F.V. Adams, P.A. Olubambi, J.H. Potgieter and J. Van Der Merwe

The purpose of this paper is to supplement the scant previous investigations on the corrosion behaviour of 2205 and 2507 duplex stainless steels in selected organic acids…

1058

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to supplement the scant previous investigations on the corrosion behaviour of 2205 and 2507 duplex stainless steels in selected organic acids containing chloride additions.

Design/methodology/approach

Microstructural examination of the alloys was first carried out, after which the corrosion behaviour of the alloys in citric, oxalic, formic and acetic acids containing chloride additions at varying temperatures was studied using electrochemical techniques.

Findings

The alloy 2507 material had a larger grain size than did the alloy 2205 sample. The corrosion resistances of the alloys generally are highest in acetic acids and lowest in citric acid. The addition of chloride had a pronounced effect on their corrosion resistance. Alloy 2507 generally exhibited higher corrosion resistance in all of the acids than alloy 2205, with the exception of acetic acid at room temperature. The 50:50 ratio of ferrite to austenite composition, as revealed by phase compositional analysis, indicated no significant possibility for galvanic corrosion between the phases. This suggests that the corrosion behaviour of the alloys is controlled by their grain sizes and chemical compositions.

Originality/value

Although the corrosion behaviour of duplex stainless steels in some organic acid media has been reported, this investigation covers the major organic acids not previously reported. Since in real industrial systems a mixture of both organic and minerals acids/salts may typically exist, investigations of the combined effect of chloride ions with the organic acids reported in this paper typify real industrial operations. The paper thus provides a basis for material selection for the application of 2205 and 2507 in industrial systems where organic acids are mostly used.

Details

Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials, vol. 57 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0003-5599

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Article
Publication date: 30 May 2019

Gaurav Arora and Satpal Sharma

This paper aims to produce hybrid reinforcement for the development of aluminium matrix composites using ball-billing technique to avoid or reduce the problem of agglomeration of…

97

Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to produce hybrid reinforcement for the development of aluminium matrix composites using ball-billing technique to avoid or reduce the problem of agglomeration of the reinforcement during casting.

Design/methodology/approach

In the present investigation, a mixture of silicon carbide (SiC) and rice husk ash (RHA) powder in equal weight percentage ratio 4:4 (1:1) was alloyed mechanically in a ball-mill at distinct milling times of 15, 30, 45, 60 and 75 h. Morphological Characterization and density measurements of the ball-milled powder were carried out after different intervals of milling times.

Findings

The results revealed that the process of ball milling is a novel technique for the conversion of two or more powders in to an integer powder and reduces the problem of agglomeration also. The density measurement results revealed that an increasing trend of density initially and reduction of the density with the increase of milling time. The density value of the combined particles became comparable to the density of aluminium at the milling time of 75 h for the equal weight percentage ratio 4:4 (1:1) of SiC and RHA.

Originality/value

The manuscript highlights the research work related to the development of the reinforcement for the aluminium hybrid composites by ball milling process. The use of this process for the development of the reinforcement not only reduces the problem of the agglomeration but reduces the density mismatch of the reinforcement and matrix material also.

Details

World Journal of Engineering, vol. 16 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1708-5284

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Article
Publication date: 22 June 2022

Mandeep Singh, Deepak Bhandari and Khushdeep Goyal

This study aims to examine the corrosion and flexural behaviour of advanced hybrid aluminium matrix nanocomposites (HAMNCs) made with a vacuum-assisted stir die casting (two-layer…

115

Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to examine the corrosion and flexural behaviour of advanced hybrid aluminium matrix nanocomposites (HAMNCs) made with a vacuum-assisted stir die casting (two-layer feeding) and reinforced with titanium oxide (TiO2) and yttrium oxide (Y2O3) nanoparticles. The previous researchers have shown that TiO2 and Y2O3 nanoparticles make aluminium composites much more resistant to corrosion and wear.

Design/methodology/approach

Salt spray corrosion tests were done on the samples over time as well as the pre-and post-corrosion morphology of the test samples was also investigated. The density, porosity and energy dispersive X-ray of the fabricated samples were observed.

Findings

It was observed that a lower corrosion rate of 0.127 mils/year and 0.573 mils/year was seen in the Al/5 Wt.%TiO2/5 Wt.%Y2O3 (HAMNC1) and Al/7.5 Wt.%TiO2/2.5 Wt.%Y2O3 (HAMNC3), respectively. It was evident from the results that the pores and densities of the samples varied with the filler concentrations and matrix filler wettability. HAMNC1 has the lowest values of density and porosity at 2.568 g/cm3 and 9.91%, respectively. At the same time, a significant improvement in the flexural strength of 72 N/mm2 was also seen in the HAMNC1 configuration.

Practical implications

The proposed hybrid samples are well suited for aerospace and automobile structural components such as brake drums, discs, engine cylinders and fins.

Originality/value

The mixed influence evaluation of TiO2 and Y2O3 nanoparticles with pure Al on composite samples has not been studied. This research aims to examine the combined influence of nanoparticles on the corrosion aspects of two-step feeding vacuum stir casted products, as well as their morphology.

Details

Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials, vol. 69 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0003-5599

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Article
Publication date: 5 May 2015

M.A. Onitiri and S.M. Adedayo

This paper aims to produce iron ore tailings reinforced polypropylene composites (ITR-PPCs) from conventional compo-casting (CC) and a proposed compo-indirect squeeze casting…

187

Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to produce iron ore tailings reinforced polypropylene composites (ITR-PPCs) from conventional compo-casting (CC) and a proposed compo-indirect squeeze casting (C-ISC) processes. It intends to quantify the compressive behaviour of ITR-PPC with respect to production process, iron ore tailings volume and particle size inclusion in polypropylene (PP) through controlled material and compressive testing. The study aims to provide useful information on possibility of the use of ITR-PP for compressive applications which will culminate to judicious use of iron ore tailings that is been piled up as waste material at the iron ore beneficiation sites.

Design/methodology/approach

ITR-PPC compression specimens were produced using C-ISC and CC processes. Prior to production, the iron ore tailings was dried at room temperature according to ASTM 618, ASTM 171 and ASTM E 41. The different particle sizes were generated using standard laboratory sieves. Uniaxial compressive test procedure according to ASTM D 695 was carried out on ITR-PPC compression specimens with length/diameter ratio equal to 2.0 under standard laboratory atmosphere on an Instrom 3,369 machine.

Findings

It was discovered that pure PP produced using the C-ISC process exhibited better compressive strength and Young’s modulus of about 12 and 4.5 per cent, respectively, while a reduction of 9.2 per cent in yield strength was recorded. ITR-PPCs with 150-μm fillers produced from C-ISC process have lower yield stress, compressive strength and Young’s modulus at volume contents above 10 per cent. It also exhibited lower strain at fracture at volume content above 15 per cent, while composites filled with 212- and 300-μm particle size iron ore tailings using the C-ISC process had better strain at fracture.

Research limitations/implications

The present work cannot ascertain the compressive behaviour of ITR-PPC produced from other production processes, hence the need for further work in this area.

Practical implications

The paper provides an avenue to address the pollutant effect of iron ore tailings by putting it to judicious use through addition as fillers in plastics. It also removes the need for expensive and repeated experimentation to determine the compressive behaviour of ITR-PPCs.

Originality/value

This paper has brought to fore the need to study iron ore tailings as filler in plastics and other material matrices.

Details

Journal of Engineering, Design and Technology, vol. 13 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1726-0531

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Article
Publication date: 11 May 2018

Josias Willem Van der Merwe and Ndivhuwo Brayner Nelwalani

This paper aims to study the effect of small ruthenium additions through laser surface alloying of 304L stainless steel on the corrosion resistance when exposed to a 1 M sulphuric…

102

Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to study the effect of small ruthenium additions through laser surface alloying of 304L stainless steel on the corrosion resistance when exposed to a 1 M sulphuric acid solution at 25°C.

Design/methodology/approach

In this study, the characteristics of laser-alloyed surface layers enriched with low concentrations of ruthenium, less than 0.3 Wt.%, were evaluated. Samples were manufactured by performing laser surface alloying on a 304L stainless steel and using a 304 stainless steel powder enriched with ruthenium. The welded surfaces were cross-sectioned and the microstructure and chemical composition were analysed; in addition, the depth of penetration was determined. The corrosion characteristics of these surface welds were investigated through electrochemical analysis such as open circuit potential measurements and potentiodynamic scans.

Findings

It was found that with the addition of ruthenium levels of more than 0.2 Wt.%, the corrosion characteristics when exposed to 1 M sulphuric acid improved in the enriched welded zone.

Research limitations/implications

This study investigated the improvement of the surface layer of the 304L stainless steel because of the cost involved when ruthenium is alloyed in the bulk and showed that an improved corrosion resistance can be achieved in sulphuric acid at room temperature.

Practical implications

The hardness of the laser alloying was not significantly affected by the ruthenium, but more by the laser parameters.

Originality/value

This paper considers the improvement of 304L stainless steel through laser alloying with ruthenium.

Details

Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials, vol. 65 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0003-5599

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Article
Publication date: 1 July 2022

Anas Islam, Shashi Prakash Dwivedi, Rajat Yadav and Vijay Kumar Dwivedi

The purpose of this study to find an alternate method to minimize waste i.e., eggshell and rice husk ash. In this paper, eggshell (ES) and rice husk ash (RHA) particles are used…

109

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study to find an alternate method to minimize waste i.e., eggshell and rice husk ash. In this paper, eggshell (ES) and rice husk ash (RHA) particles are used as reinforcements for examining their effect on the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE), grain size (GS) and corrosion behavior for developed composite material.

Design/methodology/approach

In this investigation, 5 Wt.% each of ES and RHA reinforcement particles have been introduced. To investigate the microstructures of the developed composite material, scanning electron microscope was used. Physical and mechanical properties of composite material are tensile strength and hardness that have been examined.

Findings

The result of this paper shows that number of grains per square inch for composition Al/5% ES/5% RHA composite was found to be 1,243. Minimum value of the volume CTE was found to be 6.67 × 10–6/°C for Al/5% ES/5% RHA composite. The distribution of hard phases of ES particles in metal matrix is responsible for improvements in tensile strength and hardness. These findings demonstrated that using carbonized ES as reinforcement provides superior mechanical and physical properties than using uncarbonized ES particles.

Originality/value

There are several articles examining the impact of varying Wt.% of carbonized ES and rice husk reinforcement on the microstructures and mechanical characteristics of metal composites. CTE, GS and corrosion behavior are among of the features that are examined in this paper.

Details

World Journal of Engineering, vol. 20 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1708-5284

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Article
Publication date: 3 October 2024

Mehmet Kivanc Turan, Muhammet Üsame Sabirli, Altug Bakirci, Emirhan Kartal and Fatih Karpat

This study aims to investigate the effects of five different printing parameters, namely, printing speed (PS), printing temperature/nozzle temperature/extrusion temperature…

132

Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to investigate the effects of five different printing parameters, namely, printing speed (PS), printing temperature/nozzle temperature/extrusion temperature, heated-bed temperature, raster angle (RA) and layer height (LT), on mechanical properties.

Design/methodology/approach

American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) standards were used for the specimen design. Then, the Taguchi method was used for the design of the experiment and an L16 orthogonal array was preferred. Tensile, Shore D and surface roughness tests were conducted on polylactic acid test specimens. The test results were analyzed using the signal-to-noise ratio and analysis of variance (ANOVA).

Findings

As a result of the study, it was seen that RA is the most important parameter for the tensile strength, PS is for the hardness and LT is for the surface roughness. According to the ANOVA results, the effects of the RA, PS and LT on the maximum tensile strength, hardness and surface roughness were 41.59%, 69.51% and 44.6%, respectively.

Originality/value

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is one of the most comprehensive parameter optimization studies for additive manufacturing in the literature because it includes five different printing parameters and three mechanical test procedures.

Details

Rapid Prototyping Journal, vol. 31 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1355-2546

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Available. Content available
Article
Publication date: 18 October 2024

Mustafa Kuntoğlu, Emin Salur, Munish Kumar Gupta, Saad Waqar, Natalia Szczotkarz, Govind Vashishtha, Mehmet Erdi Korkmaz, Grzegorz M. Krolczyk, Abdullah Aslan and Rüstem Binali

Additive manufacturing became the most popular method as it enables the production of light-weight and high-density parts in effective way. Selective laser melting (SLM) is…

138

Abstract

Purpose

Additive manufacturing became the most popular method as it enables the production of light-weight and high-density parts in effective way. Selective laser melting (SLM) is preferred by means of producing a component with good surface quality and near-net shape even if it has complex form. Titanium alloys have been extensively used in engineering covering a variety of sectors such as aeronautical, chemical, automotive and defense industry with its unique material properties. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to study the tribological behavior and surface integrity that reflects the thermal and mechanical performances of the fabricated parts.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper is focused on the tribological and surface integrity aspects of SLM-produced titanium alloy components. It is aimed to outline the effect of SLM process parameters on tribology and surface integrity first. Then, thermal, thermal heat, thermomechanical and postprocessing surface treatments such as peening, surface modification and coatings are highlighted in the light of literature review.

Findings

This work studied the effects of particle characteristics (e.g. size, shape, distributions, flowability and morphology) on tribological performance according to an extensive literature survey.

Originality/value

This study addresses this blind spot in existing industrial-academic knowledge and goals to determine the impact of SLM process parameters, posttreatments (especially peening operations) and particle characteristics on the SLMed Ti-based alloys, which are increasingly used in biomedical applications as well as other many applications ranging from automobile, aero, aviation, maritime, etc. This review paper is created with the intention of providing deep investigation on the important material characteristics of titanium alloy-based components, which can be useful for the several engineering sectors.

Details

Rapid Prototyping Journal, vol. 31 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1355-2546

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Article
Publication date: 29 June 2023

He Chuang, Wang Fan, Liu Zhicheng and Kong Dejun

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of laser scanning speed (LSS) on the corrosive-tribological performance of Ni-60%WC coating in Wusu mine water, which was…

84

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of laser scanning speed (LSS) on the corrosive-tribological performance of Ni-60%WC coating in Wusu mine water, which was beneficial to improve the friction–wear performance of cylinder liner on water injection pump.

Design/methodology/approach

Ni-60%WC coatings were fabricated on 45 steel by laser cladding, and the microstructure and tribological performance was analyzed using a super depth of field microscope and ball-on-plate friction tester, and the wear mechanism was also discussed.

Findings

At room temperature (RT, 25 ± 2 °C), the average coefficients of friction of substrate and Ni-60%WC coatings fabricated at the LSS of 6, 10, 12 and 14 mm/s are 0.48 ± 0.08, 0.23 ± 0.01, 0.21 ± 0.05, 0.22 ± 0.02 and 0.25 ± 0.04, respectively, and the corresponding wear rates are 8.755 × 104, 4.525 × 103, 1.539 × 103, 1.957 × 103 and 2.743 × 103 µm3·s–1·N–1, respectively, showing that the coating fabricated at the LSS of 10 mm/s has best friction reduction and wear resistance. The wear mechanism of Ni-60%WC coating is abrasive wear, fatigue wear and oxidative wear, which is resulted from the WC particles with the high-hardness.

Originality/value

Ni-60%WC coatings were first applied for cylinder liner, and the effect of laser scanning speed on its tribological performance was investigated.

Details

Industrial Lubrication and Tribology, vol. 75 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0036-8792

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