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Article
Publication date: 20 June 2019

C. Rajendran, K. Srinivasan, V. Balasubramanian, H. Balaji and P. Selvaraj

Presently, the materials used in light combat aircraft structures are aluminium alloys and composites. These structures are joined together through riveted joints. The weight of…

254

Abstract

Purpose

Presently, the materials used in light combat aircraft structures are aluminium alloys and composites. These structures are joined together through riveted joints. The weight of these rivets for the entire aircraft is nearly one ton. In addition to weight, the riveted connection requires a lot of tools, equipments, fixtures and manpower, which makes it an expensive and time-consuming process. Moreover, Al alloy is also welded using tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding process by proper control of process parameters. This process has limitations such as porosity, alloy segregation and hot cracking. To overcome the above limitations, an alternative technology is required. One such technology is friction stir welding (FSW), which can be successfully applied for welding of aluminium alloy in LCA structures. Therefore, this paper aims to compare the load carrying capabilities of FSW joints with TIG welded and riveted joints.

Design/methodology/approach

FSW joints and TIG welded joints were fabricated using optimized process parameters, followed by riveted joints using standard shop floor practice in the butt and lap joint configurations.

Findings

The load-carrying capabilities of FSW joints are superior than those of other joints. FSW joints exhibited 75 per cent higher load-carrying capability compared to the riveted joints and TIG-welded joints.

Practical implications

From this investigation, it is inferred that the FSW joint is suitable for the replacement of riveted joints in LCA and TIG-welded joints.

Originality/value

Friction stir butt joints exhibited 75 per cent higher load-carrying capability than riveted butt joints. Friction stir welded lap joints showed 70 per cent higher load-carrying capability than the riveted lap joints. Friction stir butt joints yielded 41 per cent higher breaking load capabilities than the TIG-welded butt joints. Moreover, Friction stir lap weld joints have 57 per cent more load-carrying capabilities than the TIG-welded lap joints.

Details

Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology, vol. 91 no. 9
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1748-8842

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Article
Publication date: 1 January 2009

Manocher Djassemi

Multitasking machining (MTM) systems have become increasingly sophisticated and expensive capital equipment. The lack of practical guidelines for selection of these machines can…

580

Abstract

Purpose

Multitasking machining (MTM) systems have become increasingly sophisticated and expensive capital equipment. The lack of practical guidelines for selection of these machines can lead to significant undesirable machine attributes, application mismatch, and longer return on investment. The purpose of this paper is to provide an insight to numerous features and configurations of MTM systems and to present several application‐based selection guidelines.

Design/methodology/approach

A taxonomy of MTM systems is developed based on the number of axes of motions, tooling and spindle systems. Practical guidelines for general and advance features are presented with special regard to multi‐axis and multi‐spindle features.

Findings

MTM systems are capable of meeting several production goals such as cycle time reduction, minimizing non‐value added times and concurrent processing of multiple parts. However, they possess inherent programming challenges due to their complex configuration and simultaneous machining functions.

Research limitations/implications

The diversity of system configurations demand a decision support system, such as a rule‐based expert system to capture the many variations of MTM systems.

Originality/value

This paper should be useful to decision makers in industry or academia who are involved in selection of MTM systems.

Details

Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management, vol. 20 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1741-038X

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Article
Publication date: 18 April 2022

Srinath Jagannathan and Patturaja Selvaraj

This paper aims to explore narratives of insecurity to understand how the casualisation of the employment relationship makes life more fragile and precarious. The authors engage…

131

Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to explore narratives of insecurity to understand how the casualisation of the employment relationship makes life more fragile and precarious. The authors engage in an inquiry about how multinational enterprises (MNEs) structure precariousness for workers in emerging economies. The authors attempt to understand how workers analyse their experiences of precariousness and what form their resistance takes as a result of their analysis.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors engage with the narratives of eight Indian workers/trade union activists working in different marginal spaces of the Indian economy to uncover a commons where we are the multitude. By commons, the authors imply shared forms of property, which stand against the concept of private property that is central to the social relations of capitalism. The authors are performing the data of workers by interspersing them in an analysis of angst and hope.

Findings

Workers understand their experiences of precariousness as emerging from a complex political economy structured by MNEs, which involves multiple fronts of marginalisation. Workers realize that they need to engage in comprehensive forms of resistance to undo the regimes of precariousness. Workers create shared universes of grief to relate to each other’s experiences of precariousness. The unfreedoms experienced by workers lead to a sharing of the social relations of commons where workers can resist by expressing solidarity with each other.

Practical implications

The authors contribute to practice by arguing that workers’ collectives should not accept the naturalisation of precariousness. By staging a dialogue about the injuries of precariousness, they can craft a politics of resistance that begins the process of commoning.

Social implications

Workers’ politics of resistance can significantly democratise the global political economy in important ways by advancing the potential for commons.

Originality/value

The authors make an original contribution to the study of precariousness in the context of international business by arguing that the experience of precariousness can lead to a commons where workers resist structures of injustice.

Details

critical perspectives on international business, vol. 19 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1742-2043

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Article
Publication date: 19 June 2023

Mandeep Singh, Khushdeep Goyal and Deepak Bhandari

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the effect of titanium oxide (TiO2) and yttrium oxide (Y2O3) nanoparticles-reinforced pure aluminium (Al) on the mechanical properties of…

120

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the effect of titanium oxide (TiO2) and yttrium oxide (Y2O3) nanoparticles-reinforced pure aluminium (Al) on the mechanical properties of hybrid aluminium matrix nanocomposites (HAMNCs).

Design/methodology/approach

The HAMNCs were fabricated via a vacuum die-assisted stir casting route by a two-step feeding method. The varying weight percentages of TiO2 and Y2O3 nanoparticles were added as 2.5, 5, 7.5 and 10 Wt.%.

Findings

Scanning electron microscope images showed the homogenous dispersion of nanoparticles in Al matrix. The tensile strength by 28.97%, yield strength by 50.60%, compression strength by 104.6% and micro-hardness by 50.90% were improved in HAMNC1 when compared to the base matrix. The highest values impact strength of 36.3 J was observed for HAMNC1. The elongation % was decreased by increasing the weight percentage of the nanoparticles. HAMNC1 improved the wear resistance by 23.68%, while increasing the coefficient of friction by 14.18%. Field emission scanning electron microscope analysis of the fractured surfaces of tensile samples revealed microcracks and the debonding of nanoparticles.

Originality/value

The combined effect of TiO2 and Y2O3 nanoparticles with pure Al on mechanical properties has been studied. The composites were fabricated with two-step feeding vacuum-assisted stir casting.

Details

World Journal of Engineering, vol. 21 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1708-5284

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Article
Publication date: 12 November 2010

Wei Liu, Yongshou Liu and Zhufeng Yue

Pressure pulsations and vibration working condition lead to dynamic troubles in hydraulic devices. It is highly desirable to be able to estimate the durability at the design stage…

604

Abstract

Purpose

Pressure pulsations and vibration working condition lead to dynamic troubles in hydraulic devices. It is highly desirable to be able to estimate the durability at the design stage so that appropriate maintenance period can be determined for safety and reliability. The purpose of this paper is to propose a quantitative evaluation method for pulsation and vibration based on reliability.

Design/methodology/approach

Pressure pulsations are approximately treaded as a stationary random process. The principle of transform function and fluid network chain rules are used to disassemble the hydraulic power unit into the series‐system. Mean square deviation of dynamic stress under the pumping source white noise exciting was calculated based on frequency responses. Statistical regularity of displacement and stress responses of pipelines under external random vibration are obtained by the spectrum analysis. Both the first‐passage failure criterion and fatigue damage accumulation failure criterion are adopted to analyze the dynamic pressure reliability of hydraulic pipelines.

Findings

The terminal joint, bellow pipe and pipe clamps are verified as the weak location of the pipelines. The mean square deviations of pulsations and vibration response influence the pipelines reliability. The results indicated that the preventative design method of controlling the pressure below 10 per cent of rated pressure does not meet the security specification of the hydraulic power unit.

Originality/value

The paper proposes a quantitative evaluation method for random pressure pulsation and external vibration based on reliability, which provides a new approach for the safety assessment and design of hydraulic pipelines.

Details

Multidiscipline Modeling in Materials and Structures, vol. 6 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1573-6105

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Article
Publication date: 22 September 2021

Jitendra Yadav, Madhvendra Misra, Nripendra P. Rana and Kuldeep Singh

The paper aims to explore the influence of cybersecurity on the semantic orientation of the sports consumers. Focusing on both sport and esports, this study finds the social media…

1467

Abstract

Purpose

The paper aims to explore the influence of cybersecurity on the semantic orientation of the sports consumers. Focusing on both sport and esports, this study finds the social media factors contributing in the sentiment formation and commenting behavior on Twitter and proposes a scheme for attitude modulation through identification of highly engaged nano-influencers.

Design/methodology/approach

Experimental design was used as the research methodology. Data mining from Twitter using RStudio software was conducted using the keyword “cybersecurity” during the time of pandemic. Final corpus of 31,891 tweets were considered for the study. Initial sentiment analysis has been conducted to explore the consumer's emotional inclination towards cybersecurity. Further through generalized equation modeling the impact of social media attributes over the consumer's posting behavior has been analyzed.

Findings

The research findings reveal that users are inherently positive towards cybersecurity adoption in sports and the factors such as number of tweets, number of positive words contained in these tweets and the authenticity of the information source boost the pre-established tweeting behavior. However, the influx of information from non-organizational sources such as trending topics and discussions have negative impact over the users.

Originality/value

This study is first to explore the role of nano-influencers as communication moderators over digital social platforms. This study offers a new understanding of key contributing attributes of sentiments formation over social media and offers a scheme of selection of nano-influencers to modulate the pre-established sentiments of the users. Finally, the current study offers valuable insights into social media engagements and selection of nano-influencers for practicing marketing managers.

Details

Information Technology & People, vol. 35 no. 7
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0959-3845

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Article
Publication date: 6 June 2016

Judith Anne Selvaraj

New Zealand continues to struggle with interpreting and implementing its current policy of inclusion, especially as it relates to children traditionally known as having “special…

2745

Abstract

Purpose

New Zealand continues to struggle with interpreting and implementing its current policy of inclusion, especially as it relates to children traditionally known as having “special educational needs”. The purpose of this paper is to trace the discursive development of institutionalised Special Education in New Zealand and examines how the funding and policy mechanisms of neoliberalism within which rights-based inclusion was introduced have complicated the planning and delivery of services in schools.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper draws on Gillian Fulcher’s (1989) discourses of disability as they are expressed through policy documents and educational reports to examine the language and values that have underpinned the development of Special Education policy and provision in New Zealand.

Findings

The paper has identified and attempted to explain the extent to which traditional forms of exclusion have continued to structure current policy and practice despite a paradigm shift to inclusion. It argues that this has militated against clear understanding, acceptance and success of this major paradigm shift.

Research limitations/implications

In examining the social nature of disability, and its implications in the structures of education today, it is possible to consider opportunities for acting to address these.

Originality/value

The value of this work is in taking an historical approach to help understand why there continues be a distance between policy rhetoric and the reality of its implementation in practice.

Details

History of Education Review, vol. 45 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0819-8691

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Article
Publication date: 1 December 2001

M. Selvaraj and S. Guruviah

A barrier type of finish coat on zinc‐rich primers can effectively prevent corrosion on mild steel structures in marine environments. Chlorinated rubber is well known for its…

230

Abstract

A barrier type of finish coat on zinc‐rich primers can effectively prevent corrosion on mild steel structures in marine environments. Chlorinated rubber is well known for its impermeability of water vapours and corrosive ions. Micaceous iron oxide (MIO) and titanium dioxide (Ti02) are the best barrier pigments available in the world. The chlorinated rubber based top coatings have been prepared by incorporating these two pigments separately and applied over three types of zinc‐rich primers (ZRP) (butyl titanate ZRP, cashew nut shell liquid ZRP and epoxy polyamide ZRP). The electro chemical aspects of protection afforded by these coating systems have been evaluated on mild steel substrate in 3 percent NaCI solution by potential‐time, polarisation and impedance techniques. This study revealed an interesting correlation between the polarisation and impedance observations. The inorganic ZRP with top coated systems behave differently to organic ZRP with top coated systems. The MIO pigmented finish coat affords equally higher duration of protection of steel substrate from corrosive saline environment, even though the PVC value is considerably lower than the TiO2 pigmented top coat systems.

Details

Pigment & Resin Technology, vol. 30 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0369-9420

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Article
Publication date: 9 September 2021

Jola-Ade Ashiru, Galip Erzat Erdil and Dokun Oluwajana

The purpose of this paper is to examine the influence of high performance work systems (HPWSs) on employee voice, employee innovation and organization performance in a service…

2571

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to examine the influence of high performance work systems (HPWSs) on employee voice, employee innovation and organization performance in a service organization. The study examines the mediating roles of employee voice on HPWSs and organizational performance.

Design/methodology/approach

An online survey was distributed to 600 professional staff and a total number of 360 respondents returned the survey. The hypotheses are tested through the use of the variance-based structural equation modeling (SEM) technique.

Findings

These findings indicate that the HPWS has a significant impact on employee innovation and organization performance. The empirical evidence does not support the relationship between HPWS and employee voice and also employee voice does not mediate the relationship between HPWS and organization performance in a human resource (HR) service organization.

Research limitations/implications

Employee voice does not empirically mediate the relationship between HPWS and organization performance; other factors can be further explored. Future research should employ other theories of strategic human resource management (SHRM) to further explore more factors that influence the HPWS on employee innovation, employee voice and organization performance.

Practical implications

The organization should respond to employee voice through aforementioned rather than the use of traditional, strategic and operational methods or tools believed to be the best approach to employee issues.

Originality/value

This study builds a solid empirical investigation that contributes to the HPWS existing body of knowledge. It is also significant as it is one of the few studies that examine the link between HPWS and job outcomes, like employee voice, employee innovation and organizational performance, in an HR service organization and also employee voice as a mediator on HPWS and organizational performance.

Details

Journal of Organizational Change Management, vol. 35 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0953-4814

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Article
Publication date: 22 March 2022

Shiva Sumanth Reddy and C. Nandini

The present research work is carried out for determining haemoprotozoan diseases in cattle and breast cancer diseases in humans at early stage. The combination of LeNet and…

102

Abstract

Purpose

The present research work is carried out for determining haemoprotozoan diseases in cattle and breast cancer diseases in humans at early stage. The combination of LeNet and bidirectional long short-term memory (Bi-LSTM) model is used for the classification of heamoprotazoan samples into three classes such as theileriosis, babesiosis and anaplasmosis. Also, BreaKHis dataset image samples are classified into two major classes as malignant and benign. The hyperparameter optimization is used for selecting the prominent features. The main objective of this approach is to overcome the manual identification and classification of samples into different haemoprotozoan diseases in cattle. The traditional laboratory approach of identification is time-consuming and requires human expertise. The proposed methodology will help to identify and classify the heamoprotozoan disease in early stage without much of human involvement.

Design/methodology/approach

LeNet-based Bi-LSTM model is used for the classification of pathology images into babesiosis, anaplasmosis, theileriosis and breast images classified into malignant or benign. An optimization-based super pixel clustering algorithm is used for segmentation once the normalization of histopathology images is conducted. The edge information in the normalized images is considered for identifying the irregular shape regions of images, which are structurally meaningful. Also, it is compared with another segmentation approach circular Hough Transform (CHT). The CHT is used to separate the nuclei from non-nuclei. The Canny edge detection and gaussian filter is used for extracting the edges before sending to CHT.

Findings

The existing methods such as artificial neural network (ANN), convolution neural network (CNN), recurrent neural network (RNN), LSTM and Bi-LSTM model have been compared with the proposed hyperparameter optimization approach with LeNET and Bi-LSTM. The results obtained by the proposed hyperparameter optimization-Bi-LSTM model showed the accuracy of 98.99% when compared to existing models like Ensemble of Deep Learning Models of 95.29% and Modified ReliefF Algorithm of 95.94%.

Originality/value

In contrast to earlier research done using Modified ReliefF, the suggested LeNet with Bi-LSTM model, there is an improvement in accuracy, precision and F-score significantly. The real time data set is used for the heamoprotozoan disease samples. Also, for anaplasmosis and babesiosis, the second set of datasets were used which are coloured datasets obtained by adding a chemical acetone and stain.

Details

International Journal of Intelligent Computing and Cybernetics, vol. 16 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1756-378X

Keywords

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