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Article
Publication date: 1 April 1995

S. Brillante, R.J. Hill, P.J. Leonard and P. Pozzobon

A two‐dimensional electromagnetic field model of a railway track and traction line is used to determine the equivalent track distributed transmission line parameters in the…

62

Abstract

A two‐dimensional electromagnetic field model of a railway track and traction line is used to determine the equivalent track distributed transmission line parameters in the frequency range DC to 30kHz. The model is solved using the finite‐element method to find the minimum energy condition for two conditions: current excitation to obtain the resistance and inductance, and voltage excitation for the conductance and capacitance. The results have been confirmed using practical test data, and their application is illustrated in a time‐domain circuit simulation to model interference between power and signalling currents in a 750V DC electric railway.

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COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering, vol. 14 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0332-1649

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Article
Publication date: 4 July 2016

Wojciech Machczynski, Krzysztof Budnik and Jan Szymenderski

dc electrified traction systems are a potential source of stray currents. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the harmful effects (electrolytic corrosion) that an electrified…

215

Abstract

Purpose

dc electrified traction systems are a potential source of stray currents. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the harmful effects (electrolytic corrosion) that an electrified railway has on nearby earth return circuits (e.g. pipelines).

Design/methodology/approach

The electric circuit approach, based on the earth return circuit theory, to model stray currents interference on extended structures is presented. An exact method of calculation is applicable to any dc railway system in which tracks can be represented by a single earth-return circuit (equivalent rail) with current energization. In the approximate method, the equivalent rail with current energization is modeled as a large multinode electrical equivalent circuit with lumped parameters. The circuit is a chain of basic circuits, which are equivalents of homogenous sections of the rail. The electrode kinetics (polarization phenomenon) is taken into account in the model developed.

Findings

Formulas in partially closed forms are derived applicable to the analysis of currents and potentials along a pipeline laid in the proximity with railway tracks. The attempt is undertaken, to incorporate the electrode kinetics into the simulation model in which the polarization phenomenon (Tafel equation) is modeled by a non-linear voltage source with source voltage being iteratively calculated. The polarization potential along the affected pipeline can be determined.

Originality/value

The pipeline electrochemical response (polarization behavior – non-linear phenomenon on the interface metal-soil electrolyte) to the dc stray currents interference is innovative incorporated into the simulation model with lumped parameters using the iterative process.

Details

COMPEL: The International Journal for Computation and Mathematics in Electrical and Electronic Engineering, vol. 35 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0332-1649

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Article
Publication date: 20 November 2007

Lisa Jack and Ahmed Kholeif

The aim of this paper is to present a reinforced version of structuration theory, known as strong structuration theory, set out in Stones as a disciplined approach to qualitative…

3206

Abstract

Purpose

The aim of this paper is to present a reinforced version of structuration theory, known as strong structuration theory, set out in Stones as a disciplined approach to qualitative case study research in the organization, management and accounting fields. This framework challenges the belief held by certain critics that structuration theory cannot be used in substantive empirical research but is only a sensitising device or analytical tool.

Design/methodology/approach

A conceptual discussion is the approach of the paper.

Findings

The key concepts of strong structuration theory are outlined and then put in the context first of two attempts to apply the framework to empirical research and second of two recent papers which address theoretically informed qualitative research and the use of structuration theory in IT studies.

Research limitations/implications

There are some limitations of this paper. The framework offered was not used to set the original research questions in the two case studies employed as these cases were conducted before the publication of Stones' book in 2005. Also, as weaknesses in the framework can best be assessed using empirical findings, a full evaluation cannot be carried out until such research is undertaken.

Originality/value

This paper draws on recent research and thinking in sociology that have yet to be brought into case studies in the fields of accounting and management in particular.

Details

Qualitative Research in Organizations and Management: An International Journal, vol. 2 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1746-5648

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Article
Publication date: 11 November 2019

Victor Pozzobon and Clément Pozzobon

Cottage is a protein-rich food which is commonly consumed by people targeting weight reduction and athletes willing to eat whole-food instead of protein supplements. Yet out of…

414

Abstract

Purpose

Cottage is a protein-rich food which is commonly consumed by people targeting weight reduction and athletes willing to eat whole-food instead of protein supplements. Yet out of common knowledge, the scientific community lacks solid evidences of the effect of the inclusion of cottage cheese in a diet. The purpose of this paper is to assess the evidences from scientific literature of the impact of inclusion of cottage cheese in a diet.

Design/methodology/approach

PubMed and Web of Science were searched for scientific literature dealing with “cottage cheese” and “diet.” There was no restriction regarding the type article type, date nor journal it is published in. References found to during the analysis of the articles extracted from database were also included. Studies search, screening and eligibility analysis were led in parallel by two independent reviewers.

Findings

This survey shows that cottage cheese is a good source of calcium (with 83 mg/100 g) – but not low fat cottage cheese because of its low vitamin S content (p < 0.001) –, a source of probiotic (1 serving providing the recommended dietary intake), a source of high quality proteins, reduces postprandial blood glucose level – healthy and type II diabetes subjects – (p < 0.05), is not linked to increased cardiovascular diseases nor cancer risks (p < 0.05).

Originality/value

Based on the findings reported in this review, the inclusion of cottage cheese in a diet can be advised for: women to build up calcium storage to fight osteoporosis; more generally calcium/vitamin D deficient subjects; athletes willing to increase their high-quality proteins intake through whole food consumption; dieters looking for low energy, high protein, high satiety food; untreated type II diabetes patients by reducing postprandial glucose level.

Details

Nutrition & Food Science , vol. 49 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0034-6659

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Article
Publication date: 14 August 2007

Stéphane Duchesne, Ewa Napieralska‐Juszczak and Daniel Roger

A new model able to describe the high frequency (HF) behaviour of the laminated cores of AC machines is proposed. The aim is to compute the external flux density of machine cores…

324

Abstract

Purpose

A new model able to describe the high frequency (HF) behaviour of the laminated cores of AC machines is proposed. The aim is to compute the external flux density of machine cores, corresponding to electromagnetic emissions in the HF range when the skin effect is predominant.

Design/methodology/approach

For high frequencies, the skin depth is much lower than the thickness of a lamination and the external flux density is determined using a new analytical model. The validity of this model is confirmed by measurements performed on a magnetic core representing a small part of a large machine and a finite element 3D simulation.

Findings

For high frequencies, the external flux density is computed considering an equivalent current layer flowing on the laminated core external surface. Eddy currents in the laminated core have a large influence on the current density in this current layer.

Research limitations/implications

The new model proposed is valid when the skin depth is lower than half the thickness of a lamination.

Practical implications

The knowledge of the machine magnetic core behaviour in the frame of the HF electromagnetic emissions has practical applications for large AC machine maintenance such as the localization of partial discharges in the winding insulation. With this model, it is possible to analyse the information given by small magnetic sensors placed between the machine core and the external frame to solve all the insulation problems.

Originality/value

The new proposed model is able to establish a link between the electric HF phenomena in the windings of a working machine and the magnetic flux density outside the laminated core.

Details

COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering, vol. 26 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0332-1649

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Article
Publication date: 14 January 2025

Paula Rowland, Melissa F. Lan, Cecilia Wan and Laura Pozzobon

Despite robust quality improvement efforts in healthcare, learning from patient safety incidents remains difficult. Our study explores counter-vailing powers shaping learning…

27

Abstract

Purpose

Despite robust quality improvement efforts in healthcare, learning from patient safety incidents remains difficult. Our study explores counter-vailing powers shaping learning processes and possibilities in healthcare organizations, with a focus on social, political and organizational dynamics of learning.

Design/methodology/approach

Deploying concepts of situated curriculum, boundary work and interconnected knowledge practices, we interviewed staff and physicians (n = 15) in a large Academic Health Science Centre in Canada about their experiences of incident investigations and resultant information sharing. Our analytical strategy was abductive, drawing connections to sociology of the professions and learning sciences literature.

Findings

Incident investigation and follow-up processes are relatively robust for learning about incidents in the organization. However, learning from incidents remains difficult, complicated by the professional politics of incident classification, counter-vailing policies related to privacy, the organization of improvement work towards reporting, and an organizational focus on incidents with severe outcomes.

Practical implications

Participants advocated for a broader view of incidents, moving beyond classification and investigation based on severity of outcome to also include incidents that are “learning rich”. To that end, we argue for more research on the role of Patient Safety Specialists in organizational learning and more collaborations with learning sciences.

Originality/value

This paper illuminates ways in which robust information dissemination structures are an important but insufficient condition for learning from incidents. The argument goes beyond a prescriptive approach to learning from incidents to instead explore the competing visions and values implicated with improvement practices.

Details

Journal of Health Organization and Management, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1477-7266

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Article
Publication date: 27 November 2009

Judith Broady‐Preston

The purpose of this paper is to explore qualitative methodologies appropriate to a research project investigating the boundaries and scope of the information profession, with…

2281

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to explore qualitative methodologies appropriate to a research project investigating the boundaries and scope of the information profession, with specific reference to the skills/knowledge base and concepts of “professionalism”.

Design/methodology/approach

Reviewed and critically evaluated here are social theory frameworks, focusing particularly on Structuration theory.

Findings

Strong Structuration Theory either singly or in combination with Social Identity Theory, appears to offer a sound methodology to explore concepts of change, conflict and professional identity, from both micro and macro perspectives.

Research limitations/implications

Strong Structuration Theory stands as a powerful tool in discovering reconstituted “boundaries along which professions can build new strategies of legitimisation” and remake themselves.

Originality/value

This review provides a critical evaluation of some of the current methodologies available to help define professional expertise.

Details

Performance Measurement and Metrics, vol. 10 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1467-8047

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Article
Publication date: 21 November 2015

Patrick J. Hurley

In this paper, I synthesize the prior psychology literature on ego depletion and apply this literature to an auditing setting. Ego depletion refers to a reduced desire or ability…

599

Abstract

In this paper, I synthesize the prior psychology literature on ego depletion and apply this literature to an auditing setting. Ego depletion refers to a reduced desire or ability to use self-control in task performance due to using self-control on prior tasks. I focus on the likely causes and consequences of depletion in an auditing setting, as well as means of mitigating depletion and recovering self-control resources. While ego depletion theory is prevalent in the psychology literature, little is known about whether or how ego depletion affects professionals on meaningful task performance. As a result, this synthesis is aimed at stimulating future ego depletion research in accounting, and specifically auditing, by surveying existing literature and applying this literature to an auditing setting. Further, I develop 13 questions for future research to investigate. My synthesis reveals that ego depletion likely has a pervasive effect in an auditing setting, and can hinder auditors’ judgment and decision-making (JDM) quality. Therefore, this synthesis helps to provide a greater understanding of the impact of auditing tasks on individuals, and refines both auditor JDM and ego depletion theories.

Details

Journal of Accounting Literature, vol. 35 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0737-4607

Keywords

Available. Content available
Book part
Publication date: 1 December 2023

Gail Anne Mountain

Abstract

Details

Occupational Therapy With Older People into the Twenty-First Century
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-83753-043-4

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Article
Publication date: 16 February 2018

Fellipe Silva Martins and Wagner Cezar Lucato

Studies on the performance of agribusiness cooperatives in Brazil focus on economic and financial aspects. The purpose of this paper is to further delve into such studies by…

8867

Abstract

Purpose

Studies on the performance of agribusiness cooperatives in Brazil focus on economic and financial aspects. The purpose of this paper is to further delve into such studies by investigating which commonly measurable structural production factors (horizontal, vertical and lateral diversification; operating area; number of associates; and time in operation) have greater impacts on the financial performance of such cooperatives.

Design/methodology/approach

To achieve such a goal, a survey was conducted with a sampling pool divided by size (annual net revenues of US$ 50 million or higher), and the questionnaire was employed as a method of data collection. The sample was concentrated in the southern, south-eastern and mid-western regions of Brazil; classified by size; and deemed adequate after several adequacy tests.

Findings

The results were analysed using Spearman’s correlation, which showed that there were no significant correlations between the structural production factors considered in this study and the economic-financial performance of agricultural cooperatives, which leads to questions about the effectiveness of employing diversification strategies with a conjoint approach. Nonetheless, it was possible to identify several relationships not mentioned in the original hypotheses that might be addressed further in future studies.

Research limitations/implications

The data obtained should be interpreted with caution because heteroscedasticity was detected. Although the cause could not be clearly identified, the presence of heteroscedasticity could mean that smaller and similar cooperatives present similar variation in their diversification and production base strategies.

Originality/value

This work sought to generate knowledge regarding operations management, which was achieved by demonstrating that production diversification in a dynamic and relevant economic sector, that is, agricultural cooperatives, is limited in terms of financial return when performed in an isolated mode. Hence, cooperatives’ production managers should take into account the totality of structural production factors during their planning activities.

Details

International Journal of Operations & Production Management, vol. 38 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0144-3577

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