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To introduce blockchain in simple terms for business lawyers to be able to spot the right issues and ask the right questions.

This article provides an overview of blockchain, identifies two example use cases, and highlights some of the most pressing legal issues, including issues to address in on-chain programming, off-chain agreements and other issues when determining whether to implement a blockchain solution.

This article concludes that there has been a significant growth in investment and interest in blockchain. Numerous companies across different sectors have developed blockchain proof-of-concepts, with some heading towards production deployments. At this point, commercial blockchain is largely in the pilot or proof-of-concept stage across a wide range of use cases, with payments and supply chain being two of the most promising use cases. This article also identifies possible legal issues associated with blockchain.

Despite the growing interest in blockchain, it is still a novel topic to many business lawyers. It is very important that lawyers are able to identify the right issues and ask the right questions.

Practical guidance from experienced lawyers in the Technology Transactions and Financial Services Regulatory & Enforcement practices.

The authors set out to study institutional work under complexity building on the struggle for legitimacy of the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender (LGBT) community in Israel as their case study. The authors took a discursive approach and were interested in what actors claim they do. The findings suggest that actors manipulate the intentions and outcomes of their acts, thereby claiming for actorhood or negating it. These differential constructions are not random but echo the norms of the discursive spaces within which they are presented and interact with other actors’ work. Overall, the authors argue that actorhood is not a pre-condition for institutional work, nor is it its outcome, but rather an integral part thereof.

Digital gaming has become one of the largest entertainment sectors worldwide, increasingly turning the medium into an attractive vehicle for the communication of advertising messages. As a result, the incorporation of products or brands in digital games or in-game advertising (IGA) is expected to grow steadily over the course of the following years. However, much work is still needed to determine and optimize the effectiveness of IGA. The goal of the chapter is to advance IGA effectiveness research by investigating the influence of three aspects of the context in which a game is played and the player’s involvement in response to this context on brand awareness.

To this purpose, three experiments were set up. The first experiment (between-subjects, N = 121) investigated the impact of the social setting in which a game is played, the second experiment (within-subjects, N = 31) examined the effect of the game controls that are used, and the third experiment (between-subjects, N = 62) analyzed the influence of the game story.

The findings of the experiments show that the game context can significantly influence the way in which people recall and recognize brands that are included within its environment and that examining the player’s involvement in response to this context can provide useful information regarding the processes underlying this effect.

These findings contribute to the knowledge of when, how, and in which games advertising can be incorporated in order to achieve games’ full potential as an advertising medium.

The purpose of this paper is to identify the perceptions of farmers on the major sources of risk and to examine the effectiveness of the risk management responses of rural smallholder farm households in the semi-arid region of Northern Ghana from the socioeconomic perspective.

Both descriptive statistics and exploratory factor analysis were used on a Likert scale question to rank and identify the important risk perceptions and management strategies of the farmers. The linear regression model was used to highlight the significant factors that affect the farmers’ risk perception and management responses.

The effects of the variations in crop yield, fertiliser prices and crop price on household income were perceived as the three most relevant sources of risk. Stabilising household income by growing different crops, storing feed/seed reserves and spreading sales were the most effective risk management strategies. Factor analysis identified market risk, production risk and human risk as major risk factors whereas diversification, financial strategy, and off-farm employment were perceived as the most effective risk management strategies. Farm and farmer characteristics were found to be significantly associated with risk perceptions and risk management strategies. Risk perceptions significantly increase the risk management strategy adopted by the smallholder rural farmers.

The findings of the paper call for the integration of farmers’ risk perceptions and management strategies in the development of agricultural policies for the semi-arid regions of Ghana.

This paper deviates from the traditional technology adoption studies by modelling rural household perceptions and management strategies using, using descriptive, factor analyses, and linear regression.

The main objective of this paper is to compare consumers' online shopping behavior across three types of services (i.e. search, experience, and credence). Reviewing the marketing and psychology literatures, this study aims to propose that consumers' emotions (pleasure, arousal, and dominance) influence their perception of site atmospheric cues (site informativeness, effectiveness, and entertainment), which, in turn, impact consumers' site attitudes, site involvement, and purchase intention. It also aims to test the proposed model for three major types of services (i.e. search, experience, and credence) and to compare the path coefficients of all the relationships in the model across the three groups.

Lab experiments were conducted for data collection and structural equation modeling was utilized for multi‐group analysis.

The results supported the proposed model and revealed several non‐invariant structural paths across the three groups.

The student sample may not represent the general population.

Search‐, experience‐, and credence‐based services should attempt to evoke the most desired consumer emotional types (pleasure, arousal, and dominance).

Unlike many other studies in services marketing, this paper tests the proposed model across different service types to increase the generalizability of the results.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the associations among hotel website quality, telepresence, websites’ utilitarian and hedonic performance and customers’ behavioral intentions.

An online survey was used to collect the data from 683 respondents. Data was analyzed by using the two-stage modeling technique through Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM).

Findings indicate a significantly positive impact of hotel website quality on telepresence, utilitarian and hedonic performance. In addition, telepresence has a significantly positive impact on utilitarian and hedonic performance. Finally, telepresence, utilitarian and hedonic performance have a significantly positive impact on customers’ behavioral intentions.

Based on the findings of this study, theoretical and practical implications for hospitality and tourism researchers are provided.

This study is one of the very few studies integrating hotel website quality scale to examine the hotel website features that influence telepresence and perceived utilitarian and hedonic performance leading to positive behavioral intentions.

本文旨在探究酒店网站的质量、网真技术、实用属性和享乐属性与客户行为意图之间的关系。

本研究对在线调查收集的683名受访者数据, 采用基于偏最小二乘的结构方程模型（PLS-SEM）分析了理论框架并检验了假设.

调查结果表明酒店网站质量对网真技术、实用属性和享乐属性具有积极显著的影响。此外, 网真技术对实用属性和享乐属性也有积极显著的影响。最后, 网真技术、实用属性和享乐属性对客户的行为意图也会产生积极显著的影响。

本文的调查结果对酒店旅游业学术研究提供理论和实践意义。

本文是现阶段极少数结合酒店网站质量等级来探究酒店网站性能的研究之一。这些酒店网站性能影响网真技术以及客户感知的实用属性和享乐属性, 从而影响客户的行为意图。

酒店网站质量、网真技术、实用属性和享乐属性、酒店

El objetivo de este estudio es examinar las relaciones entre la calidad de los sitios web de los hoteles, la telepresencia, el rendimento hedónico en utilitario de los sitios web y las intenciones de comportamiento de los clientes.

Se utilizó una encuesta en línea para recopilar los datos de 683 encuestados. Se adoptó el modelo de ecuaciones estructurales basadas en mínimos cuadrados parciales (PLS-SEM) para analizar el marco teórico y probar las hipótesis.

Los resultados indican un impacto significativamente positivo de la calidad del sitio web del hotel sobre la telepresencia, del rendimento hedónico en utilitario. Además, la telepresencia tiene un impacto significativamente positivo en el rendimento hedónico en utilitario. Por último, la telepresencia, el rendimiento hedónico en utilitário tienen un impacto significativamente positivo en las intenciones de comportamiento de los clientes.

Basándose en los resultados de este estudio, se presentan las implicaciones teóricas y prácticas para los investigadores de la hotelería y el turismo.

Este estudio es uno de los pocos que integran la escala de calidad del sitio web del hotel para examinar las características que influyen en la telepresencia y el rendimento hedónico y utilitario percibido, lo que conduce a intenciones de comportamiento positivas.

Calidad del sitio web del hotel, Telepresencia, Características utilitarias e idónias, Hoteles

This paper aims to provide new insights into and offer potential solutions to the challenges encountered by mental health services working with remote, rural or underserved communities in the UK.

In this paper, the authors reflect on the utility of integrating conventional clinical approaches, with preventive care and empowering work within the community, to provide culturally sensitive and accessible mental health services. The authors describe an example of community intervention from a mental health service in Ghana designed to enhance reach within remote and rural communities and identify potential lessons for practice in the UK.

The partnership between community mental health services and the rural communities, including families and existing social frameworks, applies collaborative care to overcome the lack of resources and facilitate the acceptability of mental health services to the local population. There are a series of important lessons from this experience including the importance of understanding the culture of a community to optimise reach and the importance of working IN the community and WITH the community.

This paper is novel because it provides learning from a model of care applied in the global south that has potential for implementation with underserved populations in the UK. The authors suggest a reframing of the notion of community care to encompass existing frameworks of community, not merely a biomedical conceptualisation.