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Through a documentary analysis approach, the data included in the validation documentation for a new course designed for undergraduate Initial Teacher Education are used in an attempt to calculate the direct costs of the course. The portion of the costs that are visible are then compared to the pricing policy of the funding agency involved. The devolution of financial responsibility within higher education is suggested as a means of making courses more responsive to market trends.

Many institutions are now attempting to demonstrate publicly their commitment to their staff and staff development, in pursuit of institutional goals, by measuring themselves against national standards, most notably, at present, the Investors in People (IIP) standard. Investigates the degree of readiness for such status in an education department within a college of higher education. Discusses of the relationship between appraisal, IIP status and Office for Standards in Education (OFSTED) inspection. Follows with examination of the perceptions of staff towards a variety of motivational strategies. Asks staff to rate, in their view, how close the college is to meeting the demands of key criteria in the IIP standard. Uses the results to identify potential areas for further development prior to attaining IIP status.

There is no more fascinating type of bedside book than the catalogue of a great private library. “Bedside book” I say: but that is hardly just, for I would willingly retire to a desert island (as all the best people appear to be prepared to do these days) with a comfortable handful of such records of greatness. These can conjure up visions for me as no other books can. I find the Abbotsford catalogue as spell‐binding as The Three Musketeers, and old Kirk‐patrick Sharpe's curious collections as intriguing as the adventures of young Waverley. Are there others who share my taste? I hope so, though I admit that it is not everyone's meat. Might I be pardoned for trying to suggest why I like this bye‐way? Bear with me while in the manner of Hill Burton I summon up a few of the famous bookmen of a former day. And pardon me again if it be found that they are all Scots.

Drawing on the results of the previous chapters, this chapter looks at current progress in terms of climate disaster risk incorporation into development planning and practice at three levels (national government, municipalities, and communities) and analyzes gaps, challenges, and opportunities. The chapter also discusses potential factors for enhancing local disaster risk management (DRM) capacity by collaborating with three levels of stakeholders.

This study aims to examine the potentially important effects of academic embeddedness on college of business student retention and performance as well as the mediating effects of self-efficacy on the academic embeddedness student outcomes relationships. Improvements in student retention and performance reduce costs for students and universities and lead to higher incomes for graduates.

Data were gathered from students in an entry-level business course at a public university in a rural western state. Approximately 45% of the students were female, and the average age of participants was 20 years old. A survey was administered midsemester to gather data on academic embeddedness and self-efficacy. Retention was indicated by a student enrolling in a business course in a subsequent semester. Performance was measured using end-of-semester course grades. Logistic and linear regression as well as mediation analysis were used to test the hypotheses.

Academic embeddedness was found to positively predict both retention and performance, while self-efficacy was found to positively mediate the academic embeddedness retention relationship. The direct effect of embeddedness on performance was not found when controlling for self-efficacy.

Student retention and performance are important to both students and academic administrators. The findings of this study suggest that retention and performance can both be improved by focusing on factors that more strongly embed students to their colleges.

Embeddedness has been found to have high predictive validity in the employment context. This is one of the first studies to consider the effects of embeddedness in the academic context.

The bid process for hosting mega global sporting events mandates the enactment of event-specific ambush marketing legislation that provides extraordinary trademark law protections for private sports organisations and their official sponsors. Such event-specific ambush marketing legislation, or ESAML, has come under increasing scrutiny by academics and practitioners who question, among other things, the need for such legislation. One of the major areas of concern has become the potential social cost of such legislation that includes restrictions on free speech and curbs on marketplace competition. We apply economic theory as a means to explain why governments have been so willing to enact such legislation.

The low turnout at the recent European elections is testimony to the political apathy invading Europe at the moment. At the same time, ten new countries, with different languages, histories and traditions have joined the EU club. Communications professionals working in Europe have no option but to take these new elements into account in campaign planning – making an already difficult science even more complicated. A new mosaic of languages is one barrier; another, the use of euro‐English that obscures rather than clarifies complicated issues. PR and press officers alike also have to battle against an ingrained cynicism in the press corps. This paper argues that classic communications strategies can be honed and adapted to the new Europe, and that PR has a duty to help Europe’s citizens understand the maze that is the European Union.