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Article
Publication date: 8 August 2016

Najeeb Alam Khan, Sidra Khan and Fatima Riaz

The purpose of this paper is to study the three dimensional, steady and incompressible flow of non-Newtonian rate type Maxwell fluid, for stagnation point flow toward an…

66

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to study the three dimensional, steady and incompressible flow of non-Newtonian rate type Maxwell fluid, for stagnation point flow toward an off-centered rotating disk.

Design/methodology/approach

The governing partial differential equations are transformed to a system of non-linear ordinary differential equations by conventional similarity transformations. The non-perturbation technique, homotopy analysis method (HAM) is employed for the computation of solutions. And, the solution is computed by using the well-known software Mathematica 10.

Findings

The effects of rotational parameter and Deborah number on radial, azimuthal and induced velocity functions are investigated. The results are presented in graphical form. The convergence control parameter is also plotted for velocity profiles. The comparison with the previous results is also tabulated. The skin friction coefficients are also computed for different values of Deborah number.

Originality/value

This paper studies the effect of rotation and Deborah number on off-centered rotating disk has been observed and presented graphically.

Details

Multidiscipline Modeling in Materials and Structures, vol. 12 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1573-6105

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Article
Publication date: 29 March 2013

Najeeb Alam Khan, Amir Mahmood and Asmat Ara

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the approximate solution of the couple stress fluid equations in a semi‐infinite rectangular channel with porous and uniformly…

141

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the approximate solution of the couple stress fluid equations in a semi‐infinite rectangular channel with porous and uniformly expanding or contracting walls.

Design/methodology/approach

Perturbation method is a traditional method depending on a small parameter which is difficult to be found for real‐life nonlinear problems. The governing partial differential equations are transformed using a transformation into an ordinary differential equation that is solved by homotopy analysis method (HAM) and shooting technique.

Findings

To assess the accuracy of the solutions, the comparison of the obtained results reveals that both methods are tremendously effective. Analytical and numerical solutions comparison indicates an excellent agreement and this comparison is also presented. Graphs are portrayed for the effects of some values of parameters.

Practical implications

Expansion or contraction problems occur naturally in the transport of biological fluids, the air circulation in the respiratory system, expanding or contracting jets and the synchronous pulsating of porous diaphragms. This work provides a very useful source of information for researchers on this subject.

Originality/value

In the present study, the flow of couple stress fluids in expanding and contracting scenarios is investigated.

Details

Engineering Computations, vol. 30 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0264-4401

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Article
Publication date: 23 March 2012

Najeeb Alam Khan, Asmat Ara and Amir Mahmood

The purpose of this paper is to use the generalized differential transform method (GDTM) and homotopy perturbation method (HPM) for solving time‐fractional Burgers and coupled…

531

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to use the generalized differential transform method (GDTM) and homotopy perturbation method (HPM) for solving time‐fractional Burgers and coupled Burgers equations. The fractional derivatives are described in the Caputo sense.

Design/methodology/approach

In these schemes, the solutions takes the form of a convergent series. In GDTM, the differential equation and related initial conditions are transformed into a recurrence relation that finally leads to the solution of a system of algebraic equations as coefficients of a power series solution. HPM requires a homotopy with an embedding parameter which is considered as a small parameter.

Findings

The paper extends the application and numerical comparison of the GDTM and HPM to obtain analytic and approximate solutions to the time‐fractional Burgers and coupled Burgers equations.

Research limitations/implications

Burgers and coupled Burgers equations with time‐fractional derivative used.

Practical implications

The implications include traffic flow, acoustic transmission, shocks, boundary layer, the steepening of the waves and fluids, thermal radiation, chemical reaction, gas dynamics and many other phenomena.

Originality/value

The numerical results demonstrate the significant features, efficiency and reliability of the two approaches. The results show that HPM is more promising, convenient, and computationally attractive than GDTM.

Details

International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat & Fluid Flow, vol. 22 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0961-5539

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Article
Publication date: 30 November 2021

Perengki Susanto, Mohammad Enamul Hoque, Najeeb Ullah Shah, Andel Hopi Candra, Nik Mohd Hazrul Nik Hashim and Nor Liza Abdullah

Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are an important contributor to emerging countries’ economic growth. However, SMEs have been struggling to sustain their performance in a…

4368

Abstract

Purpose

Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are an important contributor to emerging countries’ economic growth. However, SMEs have been struggling to sustain their performance in a highly competitive environment. Thus, this study aims to re-examine the effect of SMEs’ entrepreneurial orientation (EO) on firms’ performance during the COVID-19. This study has also studied the moderating role of social media usage and the mediating role of marketing capabilities and social media usage.

Design/methodology/approach

This study used a structured questionnaire for data collection, where the unit of analysis was the manager or owner of SMEs. The data were analyzed using partial least square-structural equation modeling.

Findings

The findings show that an EO has a significant and positive effect on an SME’s performance, but the outcomes are conditional on the role of social media and marketing capabilities. The empirical results reveal that marketing capabilities significantly mediate the relationship between EO and SME performance. In addition, social media usage moderates the relationship between EO and SME performance and it also partially mediates the EO-performance nexus of SMEs. Finally, this study discovers that the EO-Performance nexus of SMEs is serially mediated by social media usage and marketing capabilities.

Research limitations/implications

This study has important implications for SMEs that are seeking to gain a competitive advantage. For example, an SME should deploy market activities through social media channels. In situations such as a pandemic and uncertainty, this could be the most effective tool.

Originality/value

This study builds a theory-based mediation-moderation model to explain the link between EO and SME performance. In explaining mediation-moderation effects, the current study provides insight into EO-performance relationships. Moreover, the current model facilitates exploring whether serial mediation passes through social media usage and market capabilities. Therefore, with new findings, the study extends the literature on serial mediation in the EO-performance of SMEs. Additionally, this study extends the literature on the moderating role of social media on SMEs in Indonesia, which has not been investigated. Besides, the current study adds new insight into the EO-performance of SME in COVID-19 condition.

Details

Journal of Entrepreneurship in Emerging Economies, vol. 15 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2053-4604

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Article
Publication date: 7 March 2016

Sanjay T. Menon

Research from Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Maldives, Nepal, and Sri Lanka has received relatively less attention of management scholars. To date, there has been no major…

1883

Abstract

Purpose

Research from Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Maldives, Nepal, and Sri Lanka has received relatively less attention of management scholars. To date, there has been no major review of the content of management research in these rapidly growing economies. The purpose of this paper is to address this gap by reviewing management research in these six countries over a 25-year period from 1990 to 2014.

Design/methodology/approach

An electronic search of 11 databases was carried out using 53 search terms pertaining to the field of management. Only articles in journals rated A*, A, or B by the Australian Business Deans Council and either Q1 or Q2 in the Scopus/Imago ratings were included in the study. The articles were then classified as belonging to one of the divisions of the Academy of Management. Results are presented in thematic clusters, highlighting the major focus of management research in these countries.

Findings

A total of 211 articles were identified as a result of the search process. The highest number of articles (n=54) were classified under the “Public & Non-Profit.” This was the only area common to research in all six countries as represented by the selected articles. The results are reviewed from an ecological and institutional theory perspective which suggests that the various dimensions of the local environment are reflected in the type of management research emerging from these countries. The paper concludes that these countries represent “greenfield sites” in terms of research opportunities for management scholars from all over the world.

Originality/value

This review approach adopted in this paper is unique and represents an attempt to be as inclusive as possible without sacrificing quality. This is the first comprehensive and systematic review of management research in these six countries.

Details

South Asian Journal of Global Business Research, vol. 5 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2045-4457

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Article
Publication date: 28 January 2021

Md. Kausar Alam and Muhammad Shahin Miah

The main objective of the study is to ascertain the level of independence and the effectiveness of the Shariah Supervisory Board (SSB) members of Islamic banks in Bangladesh. This…

967

Abstract

Purpose

The main objective of the study is to ascertain the level of independence and the effectiveness of the Shariah Supervisory Board (SSB) members of Islamic banks in Bangladesh. This is because only SSB members are empowered to oversee and certify the overall business functions of Islamic banks.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper implements qualitative case research approach to explore the research objective in the context of Bangladesh. We applied purposeful and snowball sampling tactics for selecting respondents. By using a semi-structured questionnaire and face-to-face interviews, we collect data from SSB members, central bank executives and experts in Islamic banking and Shariah governance.

Findings

The study finds that majority Islamic banks' SSB's positions are similar to the Board of Directors (BOD) of the banks. Next, this study finds that in recruiting/selecting SSB members, some banks do not follow the guidelines of the central bank. This study finds mixed evidence regarding the independence of the members of the SSB. Most of the respondents opined that SSBs do not have power; in some cases, members of SSB are not independent and seeming powerless as BOD selects and recruits them. In contrast, they are dependent on management in respect of strategy implementation.

Research limitations/implications

The study significantly contributed to the national and global regulatory bodies by identifying an important governance determinant of Islamic banks that is the independence of SSB members, which is highly important for both Shariah functions, and to enhance the trust level of the stakeholders. This study makes a theoretical contribution by documenting the violation of stakeholder theory and agency theory in recruiting SSB members by BOD's choice. The lack of SSB members' independence has an impact on Shariah legitimacy of the Islamic banks which is contradictory with the notion of legitimacy theory. This study recommends the central bank to ensure the independence of the SSB and central bank should take initiatives to develop an environment for the Islamic banking sector.

Originality/value

This study extends the literature of corporate governance relating to Islamic banking and financial institutions. More specifically, this paper explores the necessity of independence of members of the monitoring body (here SSB), an important constituent of governance, to ensure high-quality governance and transparency in reporting to increase diverse stakeholders' trust/confidence. The absence of independence of SSB in performing their functions contradicts with the agency, stakeholder and legitimacy theory, which is inconsistent with global evidence, that demands further investigations.

Details

Asian Review of Accounting, vol. 29 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1321-7348

Keywords

Available. Open Access. Open Access
Article
Publication date: 24 October 2024

Raheem Bux Soomro, Sanam Gul Memon and Marvi Soomro

This paper is an empirical investigation of the effect of knowledge, skills and entrepreneur competencies on the performance of micro-, small- and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs…

1185

Abstract

Purpose

This paper is an empirical investigation of the effect of knowledge, skills and entrepreneur competencies on the performance of micro-, small- and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) operating in Upper Sindh, Pakistan.

Design/methodology/approach

The data were collected from owners/managers of MSMEs operating in major cities of Upper Sindh. A total of 1,100 respondents were identified through snowball and social contacts tools. A total of 316 respondents permitted researchers to visit their firms and collecting data from them by a survey questionnaire.

Findings

The findings shows that entrepreneurial skills and networking have a positive and significant effect on entrepreneurial competency. Then, entrepreneurial skills, networking and entrepreneurial competency have a positive effect on enterprise performance. The findings show a significant mediation effect of entrepreneurial competency on the relationships between entrepreneurial skills and networking and enterprise performance.

Originality/value

This paper provides useful conclusion in understanding the entrepreneur’s characteristics and their impact on performance MSMEs, which is crucial for promoting entrepreneurial activities and for enhancing socio-economic conditions among low-income households located in Upper Sindh, Pakistan. The government must make preparation in organizing trade fairs, seminars and road shows on certain services/ products to which MSMEs’ entrepreneurs, consumers and suppliers might be invited to ease their connections.

Details

Asia Pacific Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, vol. 19 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2071-1395

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Article
Publication date: 9 January 2024

Siti Nurhidayah Mohd Roslen, Mei-Shan Chua and Rafiatul Adlin Hj Mohd Ruslan

The purpose of this study is to empirically investigate the asymmetric effects of financial risk on Sukuk market development for a sample of Malaysian countries over the period of…

461

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to empirically investigate the asymmetric effects of financial risk on Sukuk market development for a sample of Malaysian countries over the period of 2010–2021.

Design/methodology/approach

This study refers to the International Country Risk Guide (ICRG) in determining the financial risk factors to be studied in addition to the Malaysia financial stress index (FSI) to capture changes in financial risk level. The authors use the nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag (NARDL) model to tackle the nonlinear relationships between identified financial risk variables and Sukuk market development.

Findings

The results suggest the existence of a long-run relationship between foreign debt service stability, international liquidity stability (ILS), exchange rate stability (ERS) and financial stress level with the Sukuk market development in Malaysia. Indeed, higher ILS and ERS will boost Sukuk market size, whereas higher foreign debt services and financial stress are negatively related to Sukuk market development. Findings also indicate that the long-run positive and negative impacts of identified financial risk components on Sukuk market development are statistically different. Taking into account the role of the Sukuk market in facilitating Malaysia’s economic growth, the country should aim to keep the foreign debt-to-GDP ratio at a sustainable level.

Research limitations/implications

This study points to three possible directions for future research. The first is the differential impact of financial risk components on Sukuk issuance for different Sukuk structures. As more data becomes available in the future, this area could be further explored by conducting the above analysis for different combinations of Sukuk structures and currency denominations. In addition, future researchers could also consider exploring the variability of financial risk impacts through comparative studies of the leading Sukuk-issuing countries to account for differences in regulatory frameworks and supporting infrastructure.

Practical implications

This study provides valuable practical and policy implications for strengthening the growth of the Sukuk market. While benefiting from the diversification benefits of funding sources to finance private or government projects and developments, Malaysia should remain vigilant to global economic conditions, foreign exchange markets and financial stress levels, as all of these factors may significantly influence investor sentiment and the rate of return offered by Sukuk issuance.

Originality/value

The use of the NARDL approach, which investigates the long-run effects of financial risk factors on Sukuk market development in Malaysia, makes this study a valuable addition to the literature, as there has been little research into the asymmetric effects of those variables on Sukuk market development using samples from emerging Asian markets.

Details

Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1759-0817

Keywords

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Article
Publication date: 6 January 2025

Hanudin Amin and Faizah Panggi

This study investigated drivers that explain qardhul hassan financing acceptance in Malaysia involving staff of two universities namely A in East Malaysia and B in West Malaysia.

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Abstract

Purpose

This study investigated drivers that explain qardhul hassan financing acceptance in Malaysia involving staff of two universities namely A in East Malaysia and B in West Malaysia.

Design/methodology/approach

The attitude-social influence-self-efficacy (ASE) model was tested to examine 422 respondents’ acceptance using SPSS 27.

Findings

The study confirmed the significance of all tested hypotheses, with attitude playing a key mediating role. Further, this study uncovered significant results of relative advantage and Islamic debt collection policy, offering novel contributions to this discipline.

Research limitations/implications

The generalisation of the findings generated was limited to the context concerned and the limited variables tested.

Practical implications

The results offer a directive for universities to offer qardhul hassan in the future to attract demand and acceptance.

Originality/value

This study introduced a modified ASE called the QH-ASE framework to analyse its adoption, adaptability and impact on qardhul hassan financing usefulness.

Details

Management & Sustainability: An Arab Review, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2752-9819

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Article
Publication date: 30 April 2024

Nurfarahin Mohd Haridan, Ahmad Fahmi Sheikh Hassan and Sabarina Mohammed Shah

This study aims to investigate the pragmatic issues on the radical call for the establishment of an external Shariah auditor (ESA) in the governance framework of Islamic banks…

164

Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to investigate the pragmatic issues on the radical call for the establishment of an external Shariah auditor (ESA) in the governance framework of Islamic banks (IBs).

Design/methodology/approach

From 11 well-established Malaysian IBs, 16 internal auditors were interviewed to provide an in-depth understanding on how ESA can provide greater assurance to stakeholders in Malaysian IBs.

Findings

This study reported mixed acceptance from internal auditors on the proposed additional governance layer to be undertaken by the ESA. Generally, internal auditors reluctantly agreed that Shariah auditing by the ESA would enhance the quality of Shariah assurance but maintain several practical concerns regarding lack of guidelines on Shariah auditing, the additional cost to be borne by IBs and the possible tensions between the ESA and Shariah board (SB) amid the diverse Shariah interpretations available for experts in the field.

Practical implications

The critical point on the manifestation of an ESA in the contemporary IB practice brought by this study highlights the need for regulation and policy promulgation that embrace a comprehensive approach to Shariah audit process within the religio-ethical dogma of Islamic banking and the pragmatic approach to banking.

Originality/value

This study provides evidence on the expected role and competency of an ESA and explores the implications produced by its implementation in Malaysian IBs. This study also clarifies how IBs should delineate the role of Shariah assurance from SB to ESA.

Details

Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1759-0817

Keywords

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