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Article
Publication date: 1 January 1968

N.A. Barfield

SINCE the original British patent for telescopic oleo‐pneumatic shock absorbers for aircraft landing gear was drawn up in 1915 by Vickers engineer T. S. Duncan — with his…

126

Abstract

SINCE the original British patent for telescopic oleo‐pneumatic shock absorbers for aircraft landing gear was drawn up in 1915 by Vickers engineer T. S. Duncan — with his invention of the positive recoil damping principle — Weybridge has been in the forefront of landing gear development on all types of aircraft for over half a century. Today, as a member company of British Aircraft Corporation, the Weybridge resources in this field are unique to a prime aircraft manufacturer. The landing gear units for the VC10 and B.A.C. One‐Eleven airliner families and the supporting design, production and testing facilities at Weybridge are among the most advanced in the world.

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Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology, vol. 40 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0002-2667

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Article
Publication date: 1 March 1966

N.A. Barfield

A review of the design philosophy, primary design features and management of airline and executive customer variants, followed by a description of furnishing materials, fixed trim…

65

Abstract

A review of the design philosophy, primary design features and management of airline and executive customer variants, followed by a description of furnishing materials, fixed trim assembly, passengers' personal item stowages and facilities, lighting, cabin staff appointments and communication, catering installations, toilets, domestic water system and emergency provisions.

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Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology, vol. 38 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0002-2667

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Article
Publication date: 1 March 1967

N.A. Barfield

An introduction to the latest British jet airliner and giving the background of experience and development which has led to the stretched version of the short haul One‐Eleven with…

99

Abstract

An introduction to the latest British jet airliner and giving the background of experience and development which has led to the stretched version of the short haul One‐Eleven with 97/99 seats for British European Airways and world airlines from 1968. LAUNCHING a major new development in Britain's most successful jet airliner programme and forging the fourth major link in a two decade chain of co‐operation between British Aircraft Corporation—née Vickers—Weybridge and British European Airways, is the airline's order for a fleet of 18 of the newly defined One‐Eleven 500 99‐seat short‐haul jet (FIG. 1), with an option on a further six. The B.E.A. One‐Eleven 500 (FIG. 13) is designated Model 510 and is to incorporate a 97‐seat layout. The first production aircraft will fly in the spring of 1968 and B.E.A. plans to begin One‐Eleven service in the winter 1968/69.

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Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology, vol. 39 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0002-2667

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Abstract

NO matter how well a transport airliner is engineered it cannot be expected to make its way in the world if passengers are not attracted to fly in it.

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Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology, vol. 37 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0002-2667

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Article
Publication date: 1 December 1965

N.A. Barfield

A review of the background, design philosophy and control, a detail description of features of the Troop Transport, Freighter, Combination Troop/Freight and Casualty Evacuation…

45

Abstract

A review of the background, design philosophy and control, a detail description of features of the Troop Transport, Freighter, Combination Troop/Freight and Casualty Evacuation roles, flight refuelling facility and other engineering changes, and the programme of the Royal Air Force's newest strategic jet transport the VC10 C Mk 1.

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Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology, vol. 37 no. 12
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0002-2667

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Article
Publication date: 1 August 1954

A.G. Thomson

SINCE 1949 the British Iron and Steel Research Association have been studying the properties of hot‐dip aluminized coatings. This work has led to the development of a simplified…

83

Abstract

SINCE 1949 the British Iron and Steel Research Association have been studying the properties of hot‐dip aluminized coatings. This work has led to the development of a simplified process for coating steel or cast iron with aluminium which appears to offer interesting possibilities for the protection of aircraft components.

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Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology, vol. 26 no. 8
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0002-2667

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Article
Publication date: 24 January 2025

Dania Bilal and Li-Min Cassandra Huang

This paper aims to investigate user voice-switching behavior in voice assistants (VAs), embodiments and perceived trust in information accuracy, usefulness and intelligence. The…

15

Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to investigate user voice-switching behavior in voice assistants (VAs), embodiments and perceived trust in information accuracy, usefulness and intelligence. The authors addressed four research questions: RQ1. What is the nature of users’ voice-switching behavior in VAs? RQ2: What are user preferences for embodied voice interfaces (EVIs), and do their preferred EVIs influence their decision to switch the voice on their VAs? RQ3: What are the users’ perceptions of their VAs concerning: a. information accuracy, b. usefulness, c. intelligence and d. the most important characteristics they must possess? RQ4: Do users prefer their voice interface to match their characteristics (age, gender, accent and race/ethnicity)?

Design/methodology/approach

The authors used a 52-question survey questionnaire to collect quantitative and qualitative data. The population was undergraduate students (freshmen and sophomores) at a research university in the USA. The students were enrolled in two required courses with a research participation assignment offered for credits. Students must register for research participation credits in the SONA Research Participation System www.sona-systems.com/platform/research-management/ Registered students cannot be invited or sampled to participate in a research study. There were 1,700 students enrolled in both courses. After the survey’s URL was posted in SONA, the authors received (n = 632) responses. Of these, (n = 150) completed the survey and provided valid responses.

Findings

Participants (43%) switched the voice interface in their VAs. They preferred American and British accents but trusted the latter. The British accent with a male voice was more trusted than the American accent with a female voice. Voice-switching decisions varied in the case of most and least preferred EVIs. Participants preferred EVIs that matched their characteristics. Most trusted their VAs’ information accuracy because they used the internet to find information, reflecting inadequate mental models. Lack of trust is attributed to misunderstanding requests and inability to respond accurately. A significant correlation was found between the participants’ perceived intelligence of their VAs and trust in information accuracy.

Research limitations/implications

Due to the wide variability in the data (e.g. 84% White, 6% Asian and 6% Black), the authors did not perform a statistical test to identify the significance between the selected EVIs and participants’ races or ethnicities. The self-reported survey questionnaire may be prone to inaccuracy. The participants’ interest in earning research credit for participation in this study and using SONA is a potential bias. The EVIs the authors used as embodiments are limited in their representation of people from diverse backgrounds, races, ethnicities, ages and genders. However, they could be examples for building prototypes to test in VAs.

Practical implications

Educators and information professionals should lead the way in offering artificial intelligence (AI) literacy programs to enable young adults to form more adequate mental models of VAs and support their learning and interactions. VA designers should address the failures and other issues the participants experienced in VAs to minimize frustrations. They should also train machine learning models on large data sets of complex queries to augment success. Furthermore, they should consider augmenting VAs’ personification with EVIs to enrich voice interactions and enhance personalization. Researchers should use a mixed research method with data triangulation instead of only a survey.

Social implications

There is a dire need to teach young adults AI literacy skills to enable them to build adequate mental models of VAs. Failures in VAs could affect users’ willingness to use them in the future. VAs can be effective teaching and learning tools, supporting students’ autonomous and personalized learning. Integrating EVIs with diverse characteristics could advance inclusivity in designing VAs and support personalization beyond language, accent and gender.

Originality/value

This study advances research on user voice-switching behavior in VAs, which has hardly been investigated in VA research. It brings attention to users’ experiential learning and the need for exposure to AI literacy to enable them to form adequate mental models of VAs. This study contributes to research on personifying VAs through EVIs with diverse characteristics to visualize voice interactions. Reasons for not switching the voice interface due to satisfaction with the current voice or a lack of knowledge of this feature did not support the status quo theory. Incorporating satisfaction and lack of knowledge as new factors could advance this theory. Switching the voice interface to avoid visualizing the least preferred EVIs in VAs is a new theme emerging from this study. Users’ trust in VAs’ information accuracy is intertwined with perceived intelligence and usefulness, but perceived intelligence is the strongest factor influencing trust.

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Book part
Publication date: 14 October 2009

Rune Elvik, Alena Høye, Truls Vaa and Michael Sørensen

Abstract

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The Handbook of Road Safety Measures
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-84855-250-0

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Article
Publication date: 1 January 1976

James W. Walker and Karl F. Price

Retirement: is it the ‘golden years’ or is it relegation to the ‘human scrapheap’? In reality, it may be either, depending on a multitude of factors interrelated in a complex…

148

Abstract

Retirement: is it the ‘golden years’ or is it relegation to the ‘human scrapheap’? In reality, it may be either, depending on a multitude of factors interrelated in a complex process. This paper presents a model that describes this process and explains the retirement decision in behavioural terms. The model also shows the interaction between environmental, institutional and individual variables; their impact on retirement; and the impact of retirement upon them.

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Personnel Review, vol. 5 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0048-3486

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Article
Publication date: 1 February 2002

Susan Christoffersen

Centuries of protection have impeded innovation in the textile industry. As these protections elapse, the industry must contend with increasing competition from abroad. This…

286

Abstract

Centuries of protection have impeded innovation in the textile industry. As these protections elapse, the industry must contend with increasing competition from abroad. This raises the question: will more R&D expenditure enhance competitiveness? To assess this, we measure firm profitability using Tobin's q, the ratio of the stock market valuation of the firm compared to the book value of the firm's assets. Q values are compared to other financial ratios, and then used to assess the impact of research and development (R&D) spending. A Mann‐Whitney rank test indicates firms that conduct R&D are not more profitable, as measured by q, than those that do not conduct R&D.

Details

Competitiveness Review: An International Business Journal, vol. 12 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1059-5422

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