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Article
Publication date: 1 April 2001

P. Mamalis, A. Andreopoulos and N. Spyrellis

Some of the basic mechanical characteristics such as tensile, bending, shear, compression, and surface properties of cotton knitted fabrics after a durable flame‐retardant…

498

Abstract

Some of the basic mechanical characteristics such as tensile, bending, shear, compression, and surface properties of cotton knitted fabrics after a durable flame‐retardant finishing, were studied by the objective‐evaluation method developed by Kawabata and Niva using the KES‐F system. In addition, properties such as bursting strength, drape and sewability were studied in order to further explore the influence of this treatment on the fabrics. All treated fabrics were flame‐retardant but their mechanical properties showed changes as a result of the above finishing. More specifically, a significant reduction in the bending and shear properties was recorded, which suggests that the flame‐retardant finishing primarily affects the above characteristics.

Details

International Journal of Clothing Science and Technology, vol. 13 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0955-6222

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Article
Publication date: 29 August 2019

Vivekanand Venkataraman, Syed Usmanulla, Appaiah Sonnappa, Pratiksha Sadashiv, Suhaib Soofi Mohammed and Sundaresh S. Narayanan

The purpose of this paper is to identify significant factors of environmental variables and pollutants that have an effect on PM2.5 through wavelet and regression analysis.

688

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to identify significant factors of environmental variables and pollutants that have an effect on PM2.5 through wavelet and regression analysis.

Design/methodology/approach

In order to provide stable data set for regression analysis, multiresolution analysis using wavelets is conducted. For the sampled data, multicollinearity among the independent variables is removed by using principal component analysis and multiple linear regression analysis is conducted using PM2.5 as a dependent variable.

Findings

It is found that few pollutants such as NO2, NOx, SO2, benzene and environmental factors such as ambient temperature, solar radiation and wind direction affect PM2.5. The regression model developed has high R2 value of 91.9 percent, and the residues are stationary and not correlated indicating a sound model.

Research limitations/implications

The research provides a framework for extracting stationary data and other important features such as change points in mean and variance, using the sample data for regression analysis. The work needs to be extended across all areas in India and for various other stationary data sets there can be different factors affecting PM2.5.

Practical implications

Control measures such as control charts can be implemented for significant factors.

Social implications

Rules and regulations can be made more stringent on the factors.

Originality/value

The originality of this paper lies in the integration of wavelets with regression analysis for air pollution data.

Details

International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management, vol. 36 no. 10
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0265-671X

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Article
Publication date: 1 February 1999

H.S. Karayianni G. Batis and P. Vassiliou

The corrosion resistance of composite nickel electrodeposits with alumina embedded in the nickel matrix prepared in sulfate and chloride bath has been studied. As corrosion…

388

Abstract

The corrosion resistance of composite nickel electrodeposits with alumina embedded in the nickel matrix prepared in sulfate and chloride bath has been studied. As corrosion environment salt spray and nitric acid solution have been tested. The chloride type of deposits were more resistant in the corrosive environments studied than the sulfate ones. The structure as a consequence of the preparation conditions affect the corrosion resistance behavior of the deposits. The composite deposits with aluminium oxide exhibited a higher corrosion resistance in all tested conditions.

Details

Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials, vol. 46 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0003-5599

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Article
Publication date: 24 September 2018

Elaine Schornobay-Lui, Eduardo Carlos Alexandrina, Mônica Lopes Aguiar, Werner Siegfried Hanisch, Edinalda Moreira Corrêa and Nivaldo Aparecido Corrêa

There has been a growing concern about air quality because in recent years, industrial and vehicle emissions have resulted in unsatisfactory human health conditions. There is an…

348

Abstract

Purpose

There has been a growing concern about air quality because in recent years, industrial and vehicle emissions have resulted in unsatisfactory human health conditions. There is an urgent need for the measurements and estimations of particulate pollutants levels, especially in urban areas. As a contribution to this issue, the purpose of this paper is to use data from measured concentrations of particulate matter and meteorological conditions for the predictions of PM10.

Design/methodology/approach

The procedure included daily data collection of current PM10 concentrations for the city of São Carlos-SP, Brazil. These data series enabled to use an estimator based on artificial neural networks. Data sets were collected using the high-volume sampler equipment (VFA-MP10) in the period ranging from 1997 to 2006 and from 2014 to 2015. The predictive models were created using statistics from meteorological data. The models were developed using two neural network architectures, namely, perceptron multilayer (MLP) and non-linear autoregressive exogenous (NARX) inputs network.

Findings

It was observed that, over time, there was a decrease in the PM10 concentration rates. This is due to the implementation of more strict environmental laws and the development of less polluting technologies. The model NARX that used as input layer the climatic variables and the PM10 of the previous day presented the highest average absolute error. However, the NARX model presented the fastest convergence compared with the MLP network.

Originality/value

The presentation of a given PM10 concentration of the previous day improved the performance of the predictive models. This paper brings contributions with the NARX model applications.

Details

Management of Environmental Quality: An International Journal, vol. 30 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1477-7835

Keywords

Available. Open Access. Open Access
Article
Publication date: 8 December 2020

Konstantina Martzoukou

This paper examines children's development of digital literacy, resilience and citizenship in the online environment, addressing active engagement and participation via cartoon…

5196

Abstract

Purpose

This paper examines children's development of digital literacy, resilience and citizenship in the online environment, addressing active engagement and participation via cartoon videos. Previous research has emphasised the positive role of cartoons in different educational contexts, as important agents of attracting children's attention and interest with opportunities to engage in contextual and collaborative learning.

Design/methodology/approach

The work describes the design and an initial pilot study of the animated cartoon video series, with a group of 30 children in an S1 class, at a secondary school in Scotland as part of workshop addressing digital resilience themes. Children worked individually and in teams in a series of interactive activities, which were evaluated by means of a short questionnaire survey.

Findings

The majority of the children enjoyed the cartoon videos which addressed a story of cyberbullying and, in teams, they chose different copying strategies. Children's verbalisations included expressions of positive feelings when connecting online, linked to socialising, creative and playful activities and they expressed a preference towards speaking to their parents and friends rather than their teachers when dealing with online challenges.

Research limitations/implications

Children not only enjoyed watching the cartoon story but had an interest to learn more about how other children deal with the pressures and challenges of the online world, how to manage their own digital footprint and, particularly, how easy it is to spread personal information online.

Practical implications

Cartoon animations present an opportunity to act as a basis for encouraging children to exchange ideas and engage in dialogue in class and at home by means of creating a point of reference which creates an environment, where pressure is taken away from the “self”. The cartoon character can be the focal point for discussion on issues that may be difficult to address directly and on a personal level because of insecurity or fear.

Social implications

Both teachers and parents have a responsibility to offer support and advice to children and ensure their online safety and resilience. Engaging with children in open further dialogue via fun and interactive cartoon-based activities may help to further explore and understand their perspectives.

Originality/value

The work addresses everyday life issues encountered online and aims to offer educators and parents an engaging and fun series of activities, harnessing the advantages of cartoon video animation as a didactical resource that can utilised as a supplementary learning tool inside the classroom and at home.

Details

Journal of Research in Innovative Teaching & Learning, vol. 15 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2397-7604

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Article
Publication date: 2 August 2019

Majid Hosseinzadeh, Abdol Hamid Jafari, Rouhollah Mousavi and Mojtaba Esmailzadeh

In this study, electrochemical deposition method which have cheaper equipment than thermal spraying methods and is available for the production of composite coatings were used.

179

Abstract

Purpose

In this study, electrochemical deposition method which have cheaper equipment than thermal spraying methods and is available for the production of composite coatings were used.

Design/methodology/approach

Composite coatings were electrodeposited from a Watts's bath solution in which the suspended Cr3C2-NiCr particles were dispersed in the bath solution during deposition. Potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy techniques have been used to evaluate the corrosion resistance of the composite coating in the 3.5 Wt.% NaCl solution.

Findings

It was found that the submicron Cr3C2-NiCr particles distributed uniformly in the coating and depend on the current density of deposition, different amount of particles can be incorporated in the coating. The results showed that the corrosion resistance of the Ni/ Cr3C2-NiCr composite coatings is more comparable to the pure nickel coating.

Originality/value

Production of Ni-base composite coating from an electrolytic bath containing Cr3C2-NiCr particles is possible via electrodeposition.

Details

Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials, vol. 66 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0003-5599

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Article
Publication date: 26 August 2014

Chunmei Zhao and Yingwu Yao

This paper aims to report a study of the influence of tungsten carbide (WC) nanoparticles on corrosion resistance properties of electroless nickel–phosphorus (Ni–P) coatings in…

146

Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to report a study of the influence of tungsten carbide (WC) nanoparticles on corrosion resistance properties of electroless nickel–phosphorus (Ni–P) coatings in NaCl solution.

Design/methodology/approach

The morphology of Ni–P–WC nanocomposite coatings was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The anodic polarization curves, electrochemical impedance spectra (EIS) and weight loss measurements were used to study the corrosion resistance properties of Ni–P–WC nanocomposite coatings in NaCl solution.

Findings

The WC nanoparticles content in the coatings increased with the increase of its concentration in the bath, and the WC nanoparticles are uniformly distributed in Ni–P alloy matrix. The results showed that the incorporation of WC nanoparticles elevated the corrosion resistance properties of Ni–P alloy matrix.

Originality/value

This study shows that the corrosion resistance was improved by the addition of WC nanoparticles to the Ni–P alloy matrix.

Details

Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials, vol. 61 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0003-5599

Keywords

Available. Open Access. Open Access
Article
Publication date: 16 January 2018

Sai Nyan Lin Tun, Than Htut Aung, Aye Sandar Mon, Pyay Hein Kyaw, Wattasit Siriwong, Mark Robson and Than Htut

Dust (particulate matters) is very dangerous to our health as it is not visible with our naked eyes. Emissions of dust concentrations in the natural environment can occur mainly…

1724

Abstract

Purpose

Dust (particulate matters) is very dangerous to our health as it is not visible with our naked eyes. Emissions of dust concentrations in the natural environment can occur mainly by road traffic, constructions and dust generating working environments. The purpose of this paper is to assess the ambient dust pollution status and to find out the association between PM concentrations and other determinant factors such as wind speed, ambient temperature, relative humidity and traffic congestion.

Design/methodology/approach

A cross-sectional study was conducted for two consecutive months (June and July, 2016) at a residential site (Defence Services Liver Hospital, Mingaladon) and a commercial site (Htouk-kyant Junction, Mingaladon) based on WHO Air Quality Reference Guideline Value (24-hour average). Hourly monitoring of PM2.5 and PM10 concentration and determinant factors such as traffic congestion, wind speed, ambient temperature and relative humidity for 24 hours a day was performed in both study sites. CW-HAT200 handheld particulate matters monitoring device was used to assess PM concentrations, temperature and humidity while traffic congestion was monitored by CCTV cameras.

Findings

The baseline PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations of Mingaladon area were (28.50±11.49)µg/m3 and (52.69±23.53)µg/m3, means 61.48 percent of PM2.5 concentration and 54.92 percent of PM10 concentration exceeded than the WHO reference value during the study period. PM concentration usually reached a peak during early morning (within 3:00 a.m.-5:00 a.m.) and at night (after 9:00 p.m.). PM2.5 concentration mainly depends on traffic congestion and temperature (adjusted R2=0.286), while PM10 concentration depends on traffic congestion and relative humidity (adjusted R2=0.292). Wind speed played a negative role in both PM2.5 and PM10 concentration with r=−0.228 and r=−0.266.

Originality/value

The air quality of the study area did not reach the satisfiable condition. The main cause of increased dust pollution in the whole study area was high traffic congestion (R2=0.63 and 0.60 for PM2.5 and PM10 concentration).

Details

Journal of Health Research, vol. 32 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2586-940X

Keywords

Available. Open Access. Open Access
Article
Publication date: 28 January 2025

Hanna Kirjavainen and Harri Jalonen

Digitalization is transforming public service delivery, potentially increasing efficiency and availability but risking excluding vulnerable people with weak digital skills…

100

Abstract

Purpose

Digitalization is transforming public service delivery, potentially increasing efficiency and availability but risking excluding vulnerable people with weak digital skills. Despite technological advances, frontline professionals remain a crucial element of service value creation, as many services require human interaction, even if it is digitally mediated. This study surveys frontline professionals to capture their experiences and assess whether digital encounters meet their clients’ needs.

Design/methodology/approach

The dataset comprises 15 interviews with professionals assisting migrant clients. The data were analysed using abductive thematic analysis, utilizing viewpoints about the digital divide and digital public services from previous literature.

Findings

The study emphasizes three pivotal elements inherent in digital public encounters with migrant clients: (1) a high administrative burden due to clients’ weak technological competency, Finnish skills and knowledge of the local public service system, (2) the importance of interpersonal trust and (3) the shifting and pressurized role of the professional.

Originality/value

The main novelty of this study lies in illustrating that administrative burden and trust are interconnected. This study contributes to public management research by enhancing the understanding of digital public service development. It provides crucial insights from frontline professionals, which could pave the way for applying technology to public services to benefit all citizens, including vulnerable populations.

Details

International Journal of Public Sector Management, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0951-3558

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Article
Publication date: 27 May 2014

Mohsen Salehi Doolabi, Sayed Khatiboleslam Sadrnezhaad and Davood Salehi Doolabi

– The main aim of this study was to improve current efficiency and to obtain thicker coatings via aluminum oxide (Al2O3) addition to the chromium (Cr) (III) bath.

355

Abstract

Purpose

The main aim of this study was to improve current efficiency and to obtain thicker coatings via aluminum oxide (Al2O3) addition to the chromium (Cr) (III) bath.

Design/methodology/approach

Pure Cr and nanocomposite Cr–Al2O3 coatings were electrodeposited from Cr (III) bath onto cathode copper substrates by conventional method. Dependence of current efficiency to current density, Al2O3 content and particle size were investigated.

Findings

Current efficiency increased with Al2O3 amount and decreased with Al2O3 particle size. Maximum current efficiency was achieved at 25 A/dm2 for pure Cr and 30 A/dm2 for composite coatings. Al2O3 bath content, current density and stirring rate increased the coating Al2O3 weight per cent significantly. Addition of Al3+ bath composition inhibited nanoparticle agglomeration, increasing film homogeneity. Cr–Al2O3 nanocomposites showed higher microhardness and better corrosion resistance than pure Cr layer.

Originality/value

Cr (III) is not as toxic and as carcinogenic as Cr (VI) which is widely used for Cr electroplating these days. Low current efficiency and poor product quality are, however, major drawbacks of the former. This paper describes significant improvements obtainable by addition of Al2O3 nanoparticles to the Cr (III) bath for increasing the microhardness, the corrosion resistance and the current efficiency of the deposition.

Details

Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials, vol. 61 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0003-5599

Keywords

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