In the last years the problems of energy security and technogenic safety for northeast of Russia are closely connected to development of the Smart Grid technology and new…
Abstract
In the last years the problems of energy security and technogenic safety for northeast of Russia are closely connected to development of the Smart Grid technology and new structural and functional materials. Particularly the high chemical durability and cold resistance of basalt composite materials in association with them low thermal conductivity and light weight stipulate the wide applications in building industry and power engineering in the North. The complex research of the main problems of energy security and technogenic safety for the northeast of Russia through smart grid technology has been presented.
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Mohsen Rabbani and Khosrow Maleknejad
The purpose of this paper is to explain the choice of Alpert multi‐wavelet as basis functions to discrete Fredholm integral equation of the second kind by using Petrov‐Galerkin…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explain the choice of Alpert multi‐wavelet as basis functions to discrete Fredholm integral equation of the second kind by using Petrov‐Galerkin method.
Design/methodology/approach
In this process, two kinds of matrices are obtained from inner product between basis of test space and trial space; some of them are diagonal with positive elements and some others are invertible. These matrices depend on type of selection of test and trial space basis.
Findings
In this process, solution of Fredholm integral equation of the second kind is found by solving the generated system of linear equations.
Originality/value
In previous work, convergence of Petrov‐Galerkin method has been discussed with some restrictions on degrees of chosen polynomial basis, but in this paper convergence is obtained for every degree. In point of computation, because of appearance of diagonal and invertible matrices, a small dimension system with a more accurate solution is obtained. The numerical examples illustrate these facts.
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This paper aims, through the specific example of the plenipotentiary envoys – a.k.a. the polpredy, at questioning Law as a legitimate knowledge of the political elite in…
Abstract
This paper aims, through the specific example of the plenipotentiary envoys – a.k.a. the polpredy, at questioning Law as a legitimate knowledge of the political elite in post-Soviet Russia. The term legitimate has to be understood as both a legitimated and a legitimating knowledge.
A new level of administration was set by Vladimir Putin right after his election in May 2000 and has become a symbol of the militarization of political elites in Russia, concretized by a massive recruitment of people from the so-called power ministries. Beyond this, in the context of a closed institutional game and the power’s will to neutralize a whole bunch of the political game’s rules, law also becomes a ground on which to build a control of the political and administrative elites’ recruitment. Our approach blends a critical overview of the literature and a prosopographical study of more than 20 members of Russian top political elites between 2000 and 2012, corresponding to Putin’s three first mandates as the head of the Russian state – two as President and a third one as Prime Minister under Dmitri Medvedev’s Presidency.
Our study led us to the conclusion that, not only should we regard Law as esteemed but also, and above all, as invested with an instrumental function by the power in place, but also those who long to be in power.
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S. BRANDON and J.J. DERBY
A finite element method for the analysis of combined radiative and conductive heat transport in a finite axisymmetric configuration is presented. The appropriate…
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A finite element method for the analysis of combined radiative and conductive heat transport in a finite axisymmetric configuration is presented. The appropriate integro‐differential governing equations for a grey and non‐scattering medium with grey and diffuse walls are developed and solved for several model problems. We consider axisymmetric, cylindrical geometries with top and bottom boundaries of arbitrary convex shape. The method is accurate for media of any optical thickness and is capable of handling a wide array of axisymmetric geometries and boundary conditions. Several techniques are presented to reduce computational overhead, such as employing a Swartz‐Wendroff approximation and cut‐off criteria for evaluating radiation integrals. The method is successfully tested against several cases from the literature and is applied to some additional example problems to demonstrate its versatility. Solution of a free‐boundary, combined‐mode heat transfer problem representing the solidification of a semitransparent material, the Bridgman growth of an yttrium aluminium garnet (YAG) crystal, demonstrates the utility of this method for analysis of a complex materials processing system. The method is suitable for application to other research areas, such as the study of glass processing and the design of combustion furnace systems.
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M. Rogante, V.T. Lebedev, S. Kralj, L. Rosta and Törö
This paper addresses important technical problems related with methodological limitations of welding project methods currently adopted, mostly regarding numerical modelling…
Abstract
This paper addresses important technical problems related with methodological limitations of welding project methods currently adopted, mostly regarding numerical modelling procedure of welding processes. The progress in high nano‐technologies give rise to the same approaches to be applied in traditional mechanics and material science, really concerning welding processes using various methods and techniques. Recent investigations of welded joints have shown the benefits related to the employment of neutron techniques, to obtain substantial information advancing quality and durability that cannot be found by using other means. Small Angle Neutron Scattering (SANS) and Neutron Diffraction (ND), in particular, consent materials characterization at atomic and nanoscale level, offering to the existing technologies the essential contribution of precise structural methods. The basic theoretical aspects are described, and some SANS investigations of weldments are reported. An experimental programme has been recently projected to develop welding processes, with quality assurance improvement, safety enhancement, life‐time management and cost effectiveness of the considered joints.
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This bibliography is offered as a practical guide to published papers, conference proceedings papers and theses/dissertations on the finite element (FE) and boundary element (BE…
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This bibliography is offered as a practical guide to published papers, conference proceedings papers and theses/dissertations on the finite element (FE) and boundary element (BE) applications in different fields of biomechanics between 1976 and 1991. The aim of this paper is to help the users of FE and BE techniques to get better value from a large collection of papers on the subjects. Categories in biomechanics included in this survey are: orthopaedic mechanics, dental mechanics, cardiovascular mechanics, soft tissue mechanics, biological flow, impact injury, and other fields of applications. More than 900 references are listed.
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Bruno S. Sergi, Elena G. Popkova, Aleksei V. Bogoviz and Tatiana N. Litvinova
Djazia Khelil, Slimane Bouazabia and Pantelis N. Mikropoulos
The paper aims to estimate the instantaneous breakdown voltage of the lightning discharge from simulated figures in an energized rod-plane configuration protected by a lightning…
Abstract
Purpose
The paper aims to estimate the instantaneous breakdown voltage of the lightning discharge from simulated figures in an energized rod-plane configuration protected by a lightning rod. The same configuration of electrodes has been the subject of experimental investigations for the measurement of the instantaneous breakdown voltage using oscillographic monitoring. This study validates the simulation model by making a comparison with experimentation and involves the role of the inception field of the upward discharge in the propagation of this last one.
Design/methodology/approach
The research methodology is based on the development of a fractal lightning protection model based on real physical conditions of the discharge propagation, such as the downward discharge and the upward one emanating from protection. The voltage drop and the randomness character of the lightning discharge are also taken into account. The electrical field is an important parameter in discharge development; it is considered in this work at each step of the discharge propagation by the finite element method. The instantaneous breakdown voltage is measured and estimated by both empirical equations and simulated figures of lightning discharge
Findings
The established model that allows estimating the instantaneous breakdown voltage from simulated discharges and empirical equations gives results in a good agreement with experimentation. The involvement of the upward discharge inception field emanating from the lightning rod in the evolution of electrical discharge is illustrated.
Practical implications
The work presented in this paper aims to develop a new fractal lightning protection model taking into consideration physical phenomena intervening in the development of the lightning discharge.
Originality/value
The originality of this work consists of the combination between fractals modelling of the electrical discharge and the protection against lightning, in addition, to use one of the characteristics of the electrical discharge, which is the instantaneous breakdown voltage, to prove the importance of the inception field emanating from the upward discharge in the propagation criterion of this last one.
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THE first part of Professor Duncan Dowson's paper (March/April issue) dwelt on late 19th century development of machinery outstripping the performance of available lubricants…
Abstract
THE first part of Professor Duncan Dowson's paper (March/April issue) dwelt on late 19th century development of machinery outstripping the performance of available lubricants. Contemporary lubricant research, and personalities involved, where described, leading to the concept of fluid‐film lubrication, documented by Professor Osborne Reynolds' paper read to the Royal Society in 1886.
This paper addresses a highly under-research question of employee voice in Belarus using labour process theory, specifically, Ramsay’s (1977) cycles of control theory to assess…
Abstract
This paper addresses a highly under-research question of employee voice in Belarus using labour process theory, specifically, Ramsay’s (1977) cycles of control theory to assess the evolution of voice at transitional periphery. Using the sample of 10 industrial enterprises, the paper explores the degree of management control over formal voice and the role of trade unions in defending of independent voice at the collective level. Informal voice at the individual level is also analysed. The findings demonstrate that the degree of direct control over formal voice in Belarus exceeds that in the Soviet Union due to suppression of independent trade union voice. The loss of workers’ control over the labour process has led to decreasing informal voice at the individual level. However, the earlier argument on workers’ patience is not supported due to a growing number of organised workers protests.