David L. Graham, Ashley L. Pryor and Marquessa Gray
Intercollegiate athletics are a major investment of time for student-athletes who must balance their academic and athletic commitments. For African American males, sports…
Abstract
Intercollegiate athletics are a major investment of time for student-athletes who must balance their academic and athletic commitments. For African American males, sports participation may have adverse effects on both their educational outcomes and career development. According to the extant research base, the low academic achievement and high aspirations toward professional athletic careers for many African American males are due to a variety of factors including socialization toward athletics by family, community members, and the media. We posit that African American male student-athletes may prematurely settle on an athletic identity with limited or no exploration to other possible identities, namely career identities. Using an adaptation of Dawkins, Braddock II, and Celaya’s (2009) model of academic engagement, we categorize African American male student-athletes into three persona types; maintenance, incentive, and integrative. Maintenance and incentive persona types value academics as a necessary step toward an athletic career, whereas integrative persona type understands that academics and athletics can benefit a comprehensive career development.
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Although users of computerised production and inventory control systems may be aware of the possible occurrence of long periods of computer downtime, the authors believe that few…
Abstract
Although users of computerised production and inventory control systems may be aware of the possible occurrence of long periods of computer downtime, the authors believe that few companies are sufficiently prepared for such emergencies. This paper proposes guidance for drawing up contingency plans to ensure against this vulnerability.
Qualified immunity is a defense available to law enforcement officials in Section 1983 lawsuits alleging constitutional violations. Whether qualified immunity is granted hinges on…
Abstract
Qualified immunity is a defense available to law enforcement officials in Section 1983 lawsuits alleging constitutional violations. Whether qualified immunity is granted hinges on the objective reasonableness of the officer’s actions; that is, on what a reasonable officer would have done under the circumstances. However, when a plaintiff alleges a Fourth Amendment violation, another objective reasonableness test is used. The result can be a paradoxical finding of reasonably unreasonable conduct. The present study examines this quizzical feature of civil liability law and seeks to clarify the role that both objective reasonableness tests play. In doing so, it examines the varying definitions of objective reasonableness, reviews a number of court decisions where the Fourth Amendment and qualified immunity have collided, and makes recommendations for minimizing future confusion.
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The author first discusses the factors to be considered before deciding on the use of an inhibitor. He then deals in turn with the most important inhibitors, namely sodium…
Abstract
The author first discusses the factors to be considered before deciding on the use of an inhibitor. He then deals in turn with the most important inhibitors, namely sodium chromate, sodium nitrite, sodium benzoate and sodium salts of organic acids, and duplex inhibitors. He concludes with some notes on water treatment and the application of phosphates and silicates. In his first article (August), Dr. Shreir outlined the principles of inhibition.
Research studies indicate African American males face multiple and reinforcing obstacles by choosing to pursue science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) related…
Abstract
Research studies indicate African American males face multiple and reinforcing obstacles by choosing to pursue science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) related majors and professions. Though participation in STEM fields has increased, African American males remain underrepresented in STEM academic programs and occupations as a whole, and in the computing sciences specifically. In the STEM field of computing sciences, isolation, inadequate advisement, among other complex factors, perpetuate the underrepresentation and low persistence of African American males in academic programs. Utilizing viable social identity and communities of practice as theoretical underpinnings, this qualitative study into the lives of aspiring and current African American male computer scientists produced findings that illuminate the significance of what I call STEMfluences, or social interactions that promote socialization, STEM identity, confidence, and success in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics related disciplines like the computing sciences, and promote persistence through degree attainment in homogeneous, unwelcoming STEM academic environments. These STEMfluences are social constructs that include positive peer interactions and modeling, parental and familial nurturing, and multifaceted mentorship.
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In the last four years, since Volume I of this Bibliography first appeared, there has been an explosion of literature in all the main functional areas of business. This wealth of…
Abstract
In the last four years, since Volume I of this Bibliography first appeared, there has been an explosion of literature in all the main functional areas of business. This wealth of material poses problems for the researcher in management studies — and, of course, for the librarian: uncovering what has been written in any one area is not an easy task. This volume aims to help the librarian and the researcher overcome some of the immediate problems of identification of material. It is an annotated bibliography of management, drawing on the wide variety of literature produced by MCB University Press. Over the last four years, MCB University Press has produced an extensive range of books and serial publications covering most of the established and many of the developing areas of management. This volume, in conjunction with Volume I, provides a guide to all the material published so far.
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Nevin Sanlier and Suzan Seren Karakus
This study was conducted with the aim of determining the food purchasing behaviour of consumers from supermarkets.
Abstract
Purpose
This study was conducted with the aim of determining the food purchasing behaviour of consumers from supermarkets.
Design/methodology/approach
A total of 430 consumers, 194 males and 236 females, with an average age of 29.96 ±10.99 were included in this study, and was conducted to find out the criteria which consumers took into account while purchasing food.
Findings
A significant relationship was determined between the scores the consumers received from nutrition, the reliability and all of the shopping criteria, and their level of education (p < 0.05) between the percentage of income spared for nutrition (p < 0.01) and between the cost (p < 0.05) and the total scores received from all of the shopping criteria (p < 0.01). It was also determined that women paid more attention to the nutrition and reliability criteria than men did (p < 0.05).
Research limitations/implications
The research is restricted in so far as it only considers consumers in the big city and as it is an exploratory study the research is limited in so far as the number of participants is only 430. Further research needs to include other big and small cities.
Practical implications
The study has concluded that consumers need effective and versatile education in the subjects of label reading and buying the right kind of food for their budgets. It is revealed that consumer education is essential in the process from cradle to grave in creating the awareness of consumers to buy food.
Originality/value
The paper is useful to both practitioners and academics in the fields of relationship consumer and marketing. Informing and training consumers will help increase the awareness of consumers and make them behave more rationally in their shopping. It will lead the studies to be carried out in the future to activate the control of the consumers on their shopping, instead of losing the control of consumers.
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Sarika Sharma and Sonica Rautela
This paper aims to present a literature review on the emerging field of employee moonlighting, which refers to holding more than one job at a time. It also attempts to integrate…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to present a literature review on the emerging field of employee moonlighting, which refers to holding more than one job at a time. It also attempts to integrate the literature on employee moonlighting and present the related research themes.
Design/methodology/approach
This is a systematic literature review (SLR) using the basic guidelines of SLR. A search string is designed, and the prominent database is searched. The results are screened based on self-designed inclusion and exclusion criteria. The qualitative analysis of selected 89 research studies uses inductive thematic analysis and proposes a framework.
Findings
The outcome of the present study consists of a conceptual framework, themes and sub-themes related to employee moonlighting, propositions, and the pictorial representation of the overall outcome. The four key themes that emerged are determinants and traits of moonlighting intentions, the impact of moonlighting on employer and employee, policy, and economic implications, respectively.
Originality/value
The study provides insight into the factors that lead to moonlighting intentions and activity. The managers can understand and analyze these factors and can formulate policies to streamline the moonlighting activity with the organizational goals and for the company’s benefit. Academic scholars can adopt some research ideas from the themes and gaps suggested and can work on them in the near future.
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Gerald Kenechukwu Inyiama and Sunday Ayoola Oke
Downtime is a process parameter that substantially impacts on the operating hours and results in production losses, thus motivating maintenance engineers to control process…
Abstract
Purpose
Downtime is a process parameter that substantially impacts on the operating hours and results in production losses, thus motivating maintenance engineers to control process plants. Notwithstanding, the impacting nature of process equipment failure on the operating hours in bottling plants remains inadequately examined. In this paper, the cause-and-effect analysis was used to establish the root cause of the downtime problem and Pareto analysis employed to justify the greatest opportunities for improvement in reducing downtime and increasing reliability levels. Weibull analysis is then conducted on the industrial setting. Novel aspect ratios are proposed.
Design/methodology/approach
Using the Weibull failure function of machines as a principal facilitator to produce failure predictions, the downtime behaviour of a process plant was modelled and tested with practical data from a bottling process plant. This research was conducted in a Nigerian process bottling plant where historical data were examined.
Findings
The analysis of the results shows the following principal outcome: First, the machines with the highest and least downtime values are 2 and 5, respectively, with correspondingly mean values of 22.83 and 4.39 h monthly. Second, the total downtime 92.05 and 142.14 h for the observed and target downtime, with a coefficient of determination of 0.5848 was recorded. Third, as month 1 was taken as the base period (target), all the machines, except M5 had accepted performance, indicating proper preventive maintenance plan execution for the bottling process plant. Availability shows a direct relationship between the failure and uptime of the machines and the downtime impacts on production. Two machines had random failure pattern and five machines exhibited a wear-out failure pattern and probably due to old age and wear of components in the machines.
Originality/value
The major contribution of the paper is the Weibull modelling in a unique application to a bottling plant to avoid current practices that use reliability software that is not easily accessible.
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Constance L Coogle and Myra G Owens
In recent years, Screening and Brief Intervention (SBI) has become increasingly available to older adults who engage in at-risk drinking behaviors. The results of SBI training…
Abstract
Purpose
In recent years, Screening and Brief Intervention (SBI) has become increasingly available to older adults who engage in at-risk drinking behaviors. The results of SBI training sessions that targeted hospital-based healthcare providers, as well as mental health service providers in community-based clinics, are reported. The paper aims to discuss these issues.
Design/methodology/approach
In total, 93 participants attended SBI active learning training sessions. The responses of physicians/physicians in training about their intentions to apply the information in professional practice and their willingness to recommend the training to others in their profession were compared to practitioners in other professions.
Findings
Although there were no differences in terms of commitment to apply the information or level of comfort using the techniques, physicians/physicians in training were less interested in promoting the SBI training among their colleagues.
Research limitations/implications
The results are limited with respect to the number of training participants engaged and the geography entailed, yet implications for addressing barriers to widespread implementation and training challenges are explored.
Practical implications
Although it may be more difficult to promote SBI training in locations that do not primarily provide mental health services, hospitals, and other primary care settings are precisely where training may be most useful.
Social implications
The importance of training approaches to SBI that are disseminated within the context of a public health model of clinical preventive services is highlighted.
Originality/value
Original research is presented to highlight the need to improve training receptivity and facilitate the translation into practice.