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Article
Publication date: 1 March 1992

T.J. Ennis, N. Brady, B. Keane and A. Donnelly

The effects of varying reflow profiles on the tensile pull strength and structure of solder joints of components with tin plated and nickel‐palladium plated leads were studied. It…

19

Abstract

The effects of varying reflow profiles on the tensile pull strength and structure of solder joints of components with tin plated and nickel‐palladium plated leads were studied. It was found that, in the case of tin plated leads, the structure and the tensile pull strength of the resultant solder joints were not significantly affected by varying the reflow conditions from Profile 1 (peak temperature range: 174°C to 195°C, reflow time 24 seconds) and Profile 2 (peak temperature range: 198°C to 218°C, reflow time 30 seconds). On the other hand, the mean pull strength of solder joints of nickel‐palladium plated lead was found to be significantly higher for joints reflowed with profile 2 than that of joints reflowed with Profile 1. Also, for both reflow profiles, the pull strengths of joints of nickel‐palladium plated leads were significantly higher than those of tin plated leads. This higher average pull strength may be due to the dissolution of palladium in the solder and/or the increased density of intermetallic precipitates in the solder fillet, and the increased intermetallic layer thickness at the lead/solder interface.

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Soldering & Surface Mount Technology, vol. 4 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0954-0911

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Article
Publication date: 1 April 2002

Raymond Friedman

This article contains two brief cases about health‐care disputes, designed for executive education audiences who work in health care. One case is a dispute between a doctor and a…

127

Abstract

This article contains two brief cases about health‐care disputes, designed for executive education audiences who work in health care. One case is a dispute between a doctor and a hospital administrator over authority to control nursing assignments. The other case is about doctors competing for access to operating room space. These cases are used to discuss underlying causes of the disputes and participants' strategies for managing these disputes. The teaching note focuses on using the power, rights, and interests model from Ury, Brett, and Goldberg (1988) as a way to organize the discussion.

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International Journal of Conflict Management, vol. 13 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1044-4068

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Article
Publication date: 1 April 2001

Jill Bradshaw

There are many definitions of profound and multiple learning disabilities. Most definitions include having a high degree of learning disability in conjunction with at least one…

773

Abstract

There are many definitions of profound and multiple learning disabilities. Most definitions include having a high degree of learning disability in conjunction with at least one other severe impairment, such as visual, auditory or physical impairments (Male, 1996; Ware, 1996; Lacey, 1998). Bunning (1997) adds that people with such disabilities are very reliant on others for support, including support in taking part in communicative events. Establishing reliable and consistent methods of communication may be exceptionally difficult (Florian et al, 2000). However, it is important to consider the individuality and extreme diversity of this population (Detheridge, 1997; Hogg, 1998), which includes variability in communication strengths and needs (Granlund & Olsson, 1999; McLean et al, 1996). Communication is often given little attention when services are planning ways of supporting individuals to participate, develop independence and make choices (McGill et al, 2000). While the individual's communication strengths and needs should remain central within any discussion, the significant others and the environment will also have an important influence. This article explores some of the communication issues experienced by people with profound and multiple learning disabilities and highlights the importance of the communication partnership within interventions.

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Tizard Learning Disability Review, vol. 6 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1359-5474

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Book part
Publication date: 10 June 2015

Russell Cropanzano, Marion Fortin and Jessica F. Kirk

Justice rules are standards that serve as criteria for formulating fairness judgments. Though justice rules play a role in the organizational justice literature, they have seldom…

Abstract

Justice rules are standards that serve as criteria for formulating fairness judgments. Though justice rules play a role in the organizational justice literature, they have seldom been the subject of analysis in their own right. To address this limitation, we first consider three meta-theoretical dualities that are highlighted by justice rules – the distinction between justice versus fairness, indirect versus direct measurement, and normative versus descriptive paradigms. Second, we review existing justice rules and organize them into four types of justice: distributive (e.g., equity, equality), procedural (e.g., voice, consistent treatment), interpersonal (e.g., politeness, respectfulness), and informational (e.g., candor, timeliness). We also emphasize emergent rules that have not received sufficient research attention. Third, we consider various computation models purporting to explain how justice rules are assessed and aggregated to form fairness judgments. Fourth and last, we conclude by reviewing research that enriches our understanding of justice rules by showing how they are cognitively processed. We observe that there are a number of influences on fairness judgments, and situations exist in which individuals do not systematically consider justice rules.

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Research in Personnel and Human Resources Management
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78560-016-6

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Book part
Publication date: 7 August 2013

Jane Cote, Claire Kamm Latham and Debra Sanders

This study explores the influence individual characteristics identified in prior research have on ethical choice in a financial reporting task. An action-based, multi-metric…

Abstract

This study explores the influence individual characteristics identified in prior research have on ethical choice in a financial reporting task. An action-based, multi-metric dependent variable is developed to measure ethical reporting choice. Intermediate accounting students participate in the task as part of a curricular assignment in a revenue recognition module. Results demonstrate that several, but not all, individual characteristics found in prior research do influence accounting students’ ethical revenue recognition choices. Specifically, the external locus-of-control, idealism, consequentialist, and Machiavellian characteristics are found to influence ethical reporting choice.

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Advances in Accounting Behavioral Research
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78190-838-9

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Article
Publication date: 1 January 1992

N. Brady and T.J. Ennis

Tensile pull strength tests were used to study the strength of solder joints of 25 mil gull wing leads on 132 pin quad flat pack components. The authors generated quadratic and…

22

Abstract

Tensile pull strength tests were used to study the strength of solder joints of 25 mil gull wing leads on 132 pin quad flat pack components. The authors generated quadratic and linear models which can be used to predict the pull strength of a solder joint given its geometry. The shape parameters studied were stand‐off height between the lead and substrate, height of heel fillet, radius of curvature of heel fillet, length of heel fillet, height of solder at toe region, and thickness of solder on the lead. The most significant parameters in determining the tensile pull strength of the solder joint are the height and length of the heel fillet. A study was performed to quantify the effect of lead finish on the accuracy of these models. The lead finish was found to have a significant effect on the solder joint strength. The effect of lateral misregistration on the tensile pull strength of solder joints was also investigated. No correlation between the extent of lateral misregistration and joint pull strength has been found.

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Soldering & Surface Mount Technology, vol. 4 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0954-0911

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Book part
Publication date: 25 September 2020

M. Alexandra Da Fonte, Miriam C. Boesch and Katie Clouse

Given the rise of individuals who have complex communication needs (CCN), it is important to identify appropriate assistive technology systems that can support the individual's…

Abstract

Given the rise of individuals who have complex communication needs (CCN), it is important to identify appropriate assistive technology systems that can support the individual's communication needs. Augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) systems can serve as a means to assist individuals to communicate independently. The goal of AAC is to enhance or replace the individual's current and limited verbal or written communication skills. This chapter focuses on feature matching, aided communication and the selection process for aided communication systems including low to high technology systems. It also emphasises other key considerations pertaining to person-centred planning such as conducting preference assessments and trial periods to minimise system abandonment.

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Article
Publication date: 1 October 2007

Arménio Rego, Miguel Pina E. Cunha and Solange Souto

This paper shows how the perceptions of people regarding five dimensions of workplace spirituality (team’s sense of community, alignment with organizational values, sense of…

1906

Abstract

This paper shows how the perceptions of people regarding five dimensions of workplace spirituality (team’s sense of community, alignment with organizational values, sense of contribution to society, enjoyment at work, and opportunities for inner life) predict affective, normative, and continuance commitment, as well as self‐reported individual performance. One sample in Portugal and another in Brazil were collected. The findings show that employees’ perceptions of workplace spirituality predict significant variance of commitment and individual performance in both samples. The empirical evidence suggests that workplace spirituality is a pertinent construct for researchers and an important concern to be taken into account by managers.

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Management Research: Journal of the Iberoamerican Academy of Management, vol. 5 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1536-5433

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Article
Publication date: 10 January 2018

Sarah Sanders Smith, Samuel L. Rohr and Richard N. Panton

Human resource professionals (HRPs) remain challenged by ethical conundrums in the workplace. Business leaders are asked to respond to demands for efficiency in an environment of…

4237

Abstract

Purpose

Human resource professionals (HRPs) remain challenged by ethical conundrums in the workplace. Business leaders are asked to respond to demands for efficiency in an environment of distrust or skepticism amongst employees and customers. HRPs who understand ethical decision-making as well as ethical perspectives and implications of actions within the organization can create value within their organizations. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the five ethical content issues of Hosmer’s (1987) model related to the twenty-first century human resource management (HRM) themes.

Design/methodology/approach

As a result of a syntheses of leadership and HRM philosophies over several decades, six propositions associated with the content issues are suggested.

Findings

HRPs are well-positioned to encourage ethical and moral decision-making within their organizations when they are able to contribute to creation of a culture that honors duties to stakeholders and supports organizational success.

Originality/value

The existence of synthesized analysis regarding organizational leaders, human resource managers, ethics and culture to build organizational success is limited. Thus, this paper highlights a need for organizations and for HRPs to dedicate policies and implement practices which can support ethical sustenance in today’s organizations.

Details

International Journal of Public Leadership, vol. 14 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2056-4929

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Book part
Publication date: 13 December 2023

Snehal G. Mhatre and Nikhil K. Mehta

In this chapter, we explain the significance and need for a spiritual approach among techies that would help them be human-centric, compassionate and value-based for sustainable…

Abstract

In this chapter, we explain the significance and need for a spiritual approach among techies that would help them be human-centric, compassionate and value-based for sustainable development. We introduced four perspectives of workplace spirituality, higher purpose, interconnectedness, meaningfulness and mindfulness, as significant indicators of sustainable behaviour among the techies. Finally, we discuss how a spiritual approach could help techies contribute to sustainable development. We contribute to the literature by elucidating the role of spirituality among techies that could help advance sustainable technological development and techie's well-being.

Details

Fostering Sustainable Development in the Age of Technologies
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-83753-060-1

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