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Article
Publication date: 3 June 2014

Mushtaq Mangat, A. Abbasi and Jakub Wiener

Traditional denim made by using 100% cotton and novel denim made by using cotton in warp and spun PP in the weft were treated in 11 different ways on industrial garment washing…

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Abstract

Traditional denim made by using 100% cotton and novel denim made by using cotton in warp and spun PP in the weft were treated in 11 different ways on industrial garment washing machines with the help of various textile auxiliaries and pumice. There is an obvious change in color of denim. This change was measured by using Spectrophotometer. Reflectance was taken as a variable to observe the intensity of change. Color difference was measured by using the CIELab color difference formula 1976. Color space coordinates (L*, a*, b*) and color difference ΔE were calculated between the untreated denim and treated denim.

Details

World Journal of Engineering, vol. 11 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1708-5284

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Article
Publication date: 1 January 2013

Khurram Parvez Raja

The unfair prejudice remedy as contained in s.290 of the Companies Ordinance 1984 entitles a member with a shareholding of twenty percent or more to petition to the court for…

757

Abstract

Purpose

The unfair prejudice remedy as contained in s.290 of the Companies Ordinance 1984 entitles a member with a shareholding of twenty percent or more to petition to the court for suitable and appropriate court orders in circumstances where the member has been unfairly prejudiced. The major difficulties and complexities emerging from the examination of s.290 relates to (but not limited to) locus standi, high cost of litigation due to the length and complexity of the unfair prejudice litigations, lacunas in share valuation, cumbersome court procedures, low quality of pleadings, unethical conduct of lawyers, etc. The purpose of this paper is to shed light on these topical questions. It is contended that the legislature and the courts will have a strong role to play in providing clarity and certainty to the law.

Design/methodology/approach

The first part provides a brief overview of the statutory unfair prejudice remedy contained in s.290. The second part discusses the concept of unfair prejudice in the United Kingdom and its difficulties. The third part provides a framework of the unfair prejudice remedies available under s.290 and discusses the inefficiencies and shortcomings of the remedy.

Findings

This article concludes that the statutory unfair prejudice remedy in Pakistan is inefficient and inadequate to redress personal and corporate wrongs in an unfair prejudice petition. The deficiencies of the statutory unfair prejudice remedy pose a challenge to the minority shareholders and the overall corporate governance and corporate law regime in Pakistan.

Originality/value

This article sheds light on the complexity and difficulty of the statutory unfair prejudice remedy, as contained in s.290 of the Companies Ordinance 1984 from a comparative law perspective.

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