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The purpose of this paper is to report on metal‐oxide‐semiconductor (MOS) capacitor‐based O₂ sensors with different catalytic metal electrode (Al or Pd), deposited on both smooth and porous surface (pore diameter ranging from 2.76 to 71.6 μm) of ZrO₂ thin film.

The ZrO₂ thin film has been prepared by RF sputtering and DC magnetron sputtering process followed by thermal oxidation process, whereas the electrodes were deposited on thin film by thermal evaporation. The sensors are exposed to O₂ gas ambient at room temperature and the O₂ sensing performance has been examined by surface characterizations and on‐line sensing electrical characterizations.

MOS capacitor O₂ sensor with Pd electrode on porous ZrO₂ thin film has the best sensitivity in term of both adsorption and desorption of gas. This sensor is proved to be operated in both capacitor and diode modes.

The paper demonstrates that room temperature MOS‐based O₂ sensor operates in capacitor and diode mode conditions with focus on the effect of ZrO₂ surface morphology on the sensing properties.

Presents over sixty abstracts summarising the 1999 Employment Research Unit annual conference held at the University of Cardiff. Explores the multiple impacts of globalization on work and employment in contemporary organizations. Covers the human resource management implications of organizational responses to globalization. Examines the theoretical, methodological, empirical and comparative issues pertaining to competitiveness and the management of human resources, the impact of organisational strategies and international production on the workplace, the organization of labour markets, human resource development, cultural change in organisations, trade union responses, and trans‐national corporations. Cites many case studies showing how globalization has brought a lot of opportunities together with much change both to the employee and the employer. Considers the threats to existing cultures, structures and systems.

E-commerce and social media technologies can significantly benefit the food and beverage industry by reducing costs, streamlining supply activities, and, most importantly, engaging users in active interaction and enhancing social presence. This research aims to propose a model to examine the role of trust and social presence on loyalty in the food and beverage industry. Moreover, the mediating role of trust is the link between social presence and loyalty examined in this study.

A survey has been conducted to examine the structural model. The research model is tested using structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM).

The result indicated the effect of Social presence and Trust in social media on Customer loyalty in the context of online shopping. Our finding contributes remarkable insights into the food and beverage industry, particularly in the COVID-19 era, as more consumers buy through e-commerce platforms.

This study expands the understanding of the role of the managers of social commerce websites in maintaining customer loyalty. Hence, the social commerce site managers can use this finding to develop strategies for building customer trust and, ultimately, customer loyalty.