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Article
Publication date: 15 July 2022

Muhammad Yasir Faheem, Muhammad Basit Azeem, Abid Ali Minhas, Shun'an Zhong and Xinghua Wang

RF transceiver module is considered a vital part of any wireless communication system. This module consists of two important parts the RF transceiver and analog-to-digital…

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Abstract

Purpose

RF transceiver module is considered a vital part of any wireless communication system. This module consists of two important parts the RF transceiver and analog-to-digital converter (ADC). Usually, both these parts – RF transceiver and ADC – are used to enhance the perspective of size and power. The data processing in 4G communication makes hurdles and need research attention to make it faster and smaller in size. Accuracy and fast processing are the critical challenges in the modern communication system.

Design/methodology/approach

After theoretical and practical investigations, this research work proposes key new techniques for the RF transceiver module. These techniques will make RF transceiver small, power-efficient and on the other hand, make dual SAR-ADC more effective as well. The proposed design has no intermediate frequency where the RF transceiver is reduced its major blocks from five to four, which includes crystal oscillator, phase lock loop, power amplifier and low noise amplifier. Moreover, the shared circuitry is introduced in the architecture of the SAR-ADC for the production of dual outputs, specifically in bootstrapped switch and comparator.

Findings

The miniaturized RF transceiver and SAR-ADC are well tested separately before the plantation on the printed circuit board (PCB). The operating voltage and frequency of the RF transceiver module are 1.2 V and 5.8 GHz, where the sampling rate, bandwidth and output power are 25 MHz, 200 MHz and 5 dBm, respectively. The core area of the PCB is 58.13 mm2. The bandwidth efficiency is 93% using surface acoustic wave less transmitter. The circuit is based on the library of 90 nm CMOS technology.

Originality/value

The entire circuit is highly synchronized with the input and reference clocks to avoid self-interference.

Details

Microelectronics International, vol. 39 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1356-5362

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Article
Publication date: 8 March 2021

Muhammad Yasir Faheem, Shun'an Zhong, Xinghua Wang and Muhammad Basit Azeem

There are many types of the ADCs implemented in the mobile and wireless devices. Most of these devices are battery operated and operational at low input voltage. SAR ADC is…

297

Abstract

Purpose

There are many types of the ADCs implemented in the mobile and wireless devices. Most of these devices are battery operated and operational at low input voltage. SAR ADC is popular for its low power operations and simple architecture. Scientists are still working to make its working faster under the same low power area. There are many SAR-ADC implemented in the past two decades, but still, there is a big room for dual SAR-ADC.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors are presenting a dual SAR-ADC with a smaller number of components and blocks. The proposed ultra-low-power circuit of the SAR-ADC consists of four major blocks, which include Bee-bootstrap, Spider-Latch dual comparator, dual SAR-logic and dual digital to analog converter. The authors have used the 90-nm CMOS library for the construction of the design.

Findings

The power breaks down of the comparator are dramatically improved from 0.006 to 0.003 uW. The ultimate design has 5 MHz operating frequency with 25 KS/s sampling frequency. The supply voltage is 1.2 V with 35.724 uW power consumption. Signal-to-noise and distortion ratio and spurious-free dynamic range are 65 and 84 dB, respectively. The Walden's figure of merits calculated 7.08 fj/step.

Originality/value

The authors are proposing two-in-one circuit for SAR-ADC named as “dual SAR-ADC”, which obeys the basic equation of duality, derived and proved under the heading of proposed solution. It shows a clear difference between the performance of two circuit-based ADC and one dual circuit ADC. The number of components is reduced by sharing the work load of some key components.

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Article
Publication date: 3 February 2020

Muhammad Yasir Faheem, Shun'an Zhong, Xinghua Wang and Muhammad Basit Azeem

Successive approximation register (SAR) analogue to digital converter (ADC) is well-known with regard to low-power operations. To make it energy-efficient and time-efficient…

134

Abstract

Purpose

Successive approximation register (SAR) analogue to digital converter (ADC) is well-known with regard to low-power operations. To make it energy-efficient and time-efficient, scientists are working for the last two decades, and it still needs the attention of the researchers. In actual work, there is no mechanism and circuitry for the production of two simultaneous comparator outputs in SAR ADC.

Design/methodology/approach

A small-sized, low-power and energy-efficient circuitry of a dual comparator and an amplifier is presented, which is the most important part of SAR ADC. The main idea is to design a multi-dimensional circuit which can deliver two quick parallel comparisons. The circuitry of the three devices is combined and miniaturized by introducing a lower number of MOSFET’s and small-sized capacitors in such a way that there is no need for any matching and calibration.

Findings

The supply voltage of the proposed comparator is 0.7 V with the overall power consumption of 0.257mW. The input and clock frequencies are 5 and 50 MHz, respectively. There is no requirement for any offset calibration and mismatching concerns due to sharing and centralization of spider-latch circuitry. The total offset voltages are 0.13 0.31 mV with 0.3VDD to VDD. All the components are small-sized and miniaturized to make the circuit cost-effective and energy-efficient. The rise and response time of comparator is around 100 ns. SNDR improved from 56 to 65 dB where the input-referred noise of an amplifier is 98mVrms.

Originality/value

The proposed design has no linear-complexity compared with the conventional comparator in both modes (working and standby); it is ultimately intended and designed for 11-bit SAR ADC. The circuit based on three rapid clock pulses for three different modes includes amplification and two parallel comparisons controlled and switched by a latch named as “spider-latch”.

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Article
Publication date: 1 December 2021

Muhammad Yasir Faheem, Shun'an Zhong, Muhammad Basit Azeem and Xinghua Wang

Successive Approximation Register-Analog to Digital Converter (SAR-ADC) has been achieved notable technological advancement since the past couple of decades. However, it’s not…

91

Abstract

Purpose

Successive Approximation Register-Analog to Digital Converter (SAR-ADC) has been achieved notable technological advancement since the past couple of decades. However, it’s not accurate in terms of size, energy, and time consumption. Many projects proposed to make it energy efficient and time-efficient. Such designs are unable to deliver two parallel outputs.

Design/methodology/approach

To this end, this study introduced an ultra-low-power circuitry for the two blocks (bootstrap and comparator) of 11-bit SAR-ADC. The bootstrap has three sub-parts: back-bone, left-wing and right-wing, named as bat-bootstrap. The comparator block has a circuitry of the two comparators and an amplifier, named as comp-lifier. In a bat-bootstrap, the authors plant two capacitors in the back-bone block to avoid the patristic capacitance. The switching system of the proposed design highly synchronized with the short pulses of the clocks for high accuracy. This study simulates the proposed circuits using a built-in Cadence 90 nm Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor library.

Findings

The results suggested that the response time of two bat-bootstrap wings and comp-lifier are 80 ns, 120 ns, and 90 ns, respectively. The supply voltage is 0.7 V, wherever the power consumption of bat-bootstrap, comp-lifier and SAR-ADC are 0.3561µW, 0.257µW and 35.76µW, respectively. Signal to Noise and Distortion Ratio is 65 dB with 5 MHz frequency and 25 KS/s sampling rate. The input referred noise of the amplifier and two comparators are 98µVrms, 224µVrms and 224µVrms, respectively.

Originality/value

Two basic circuit blocks for SAR-ADC are introduced, which fulfill the duality approach and delivered two outputs with highly synchronized clock pulses. The circuit sharing concept introduced for the high performance SAR-ADCs.

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Article
Publication date: 25 February 2022

Muhammad Asim Faheem, Hafiz Yasir Ali, Muhammad Waheed Akhtar and Muhammad Asrar-ul-Haq

The present study aims to analyze the effect of workplace incivility and coworker deviant behavior on turnover intentions and nurses' job performance.

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Abstract

Purpose

The present study aims to analyze the effect of workplace incivility and coworker deviant behavior on turnover intentions and nurses' job performance.

Design/methodology/approach

Data were obtained from 318 nurses using a structured questionnaire. The multistage sampling technique was used to distribute the questionnaire and analysis was performed through structural equation modeling.

Findings

The findings show association between workplace incivility and coworker deviant behavior on turnover intentions and nurses' job performance. Further, the findings state that coworker deviant behavior has impact on turnover intentions and nurses' job performance.

Research limitations/implications

Results of the study show critical situation for healthcare sector. Findings show that negative behaviors influence nurses' performance and escalate their intentions to leave this profession. These findings can help authorities to take some actions and use interventions to suppress or control these negative behaviors to improve the nursing performance at workplace.

Originality/value

The nursing literature is devoid of evidence about how workplace incivility and coworker deviant behavior influence employee outcomes.

Details

Kybernetes, vol. 52 no. 9
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0368-492X

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Article
Publication date: 19 September 2022

Muhammad Yasir and Azeem Jan

Leadership literature has identified that the servant leadership style can reduce employee negative work outcomes, even in challenging work environments like the health-care…

1163

Abstract

Purpose

Leadership literature has identified that the servant leadership style can reduce employee negative work outcomes, even in challenging work environments like the health-care sector as nurses play an important role in the performance of a hospital. That is why, the efficiency and effectiveness of the nurses are believed to be directly linked to improved health benefits to the public. So, this study aims to investigate the inter-relationship between servant leadership, organizational justice and workplace deviance of nurses in public sector hospitals.

Design/methodology/approach

A self-administrated questionnaire using a drop-and-collect method was used for collecting the data from nurses working in the public sector hospitals of Pakistan using a convenient sampling technique. In total, 370 questionnaires were distributed among the nursing staff, of which 201 completed and usable questionnaires were returned and used for data analysis. Further, the partial least squares structural equation modeling approach is used in this study using SmartPLS version 3 software to test the hypothesized model and determine the direct and indirect effects.

Findings

Results showed a negative relationship between servant leadership and workplace deviance, positive relationship between servant leadership and organizational justice, negative relationship between organizational justice and workplace deviance and that organizational justice mediates in the relationship between servant leadership and workplace deviance.

Practical implications

This study provides valuable recommendations and practical implications to address the nurses’ deviant workplace behaviors in the public sector hospitals of Pakistan.

Originality/value

This study is novel as it shows the significance of servant leadership behavior which has the ability to positively influence organizational justice perception leading to less likelihood of the emergence of nurses’ deviant workplace behavior, specifically in the context of public sector hospitals of Pakistan.

Details

Leadership in Health Services, vol. 36 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1751-1879

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Article
Publication date: 25 July 2023

Hira Jamshed, Sadaf Noor, Hafiz Yasir Ali, Hafiz Muhammad Arshad and Muhammad Asrar-ul-Haq

This study analyses the organizational consequences of work–family conflict (WFC) among female nurses in health care sector. Moreover, this study focuses on the moderating effect…

277

Abstract

Purpose

This study analyses the organizational consequences of work–family conflict (WFC) among female nurses in health care sector. Moreover, this study focuses on the moderating effect of intrinsic motivation on the association between WFC dimensions with different organizational outcomes.

Design/methodology/approach

Data are collected from 347 female nurses working in health care sector at Islamabad, Rawalpindi, Lahore, Multan and Bahawalpur regions of Pakistan, using random sampling technique. Regression analysis is used to test the hypotheses of this study.

Findings

The findings demonstrate that WFC conflict lowers job satisfaction, affective commitment and organizational citizenship behaviour. Contrary, WFC reduces job satisfaction, affective commitment and organizational citizenship behaviour and increases turnover intentions among female nurses. Moreover, intrinsic motivation moderates the association between WFC and certain organizational outcomes.

Originality/value

The study offers valuable insights for female nurses at health care sector about WFC and finally leads to theoretical contributions and practical implications for the healthcare sector of Pakistan.

Details

Kybernetes, vol. 53 no. 11
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0368-492X

Keywords

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Article
Publication date: 16 May 2024

Talat Islam, Itrat Zulfiqar, Hira Aftab, Omar Hamdan Mohammad Alkharabsheh and Muhammad Khalid Shahid

In response to the dynamic demands of the contemporary business landscape, this study critically examines the pivotal role of ethical leadership in shaping employee’s innovative…

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Abstract

Purpose

In response to the dynamic demands of the contemporary business landscape, this study critically examines the pivotal role of ethical leadership in shaping employee’s innovative behavior within organizations. Our research delves into the nuanced interplay between ethical leadership, psychological well-being and innovative work behavior. Drawing from the principles of social exchange theory, our study addresses a critical gap in the literature by exploring the mediating role of psychological well-being in the relationship between ethical leadership and employees' innovative work behavior.

Design/methodology/approach

In this quantitative research, data were collected from 384 employees and their direct supervisors in Pakistan’s IT sector using “Google Forms” through a convenience sampling method facilitated by the “LinkedIn” platform. Additionally, the study applied a two-stage structural equation modeling approach, first to assess the uni-dimensionality, and subsequently, to evaluate the proposed hypotheses.

Findings

The research results unveiled a robust and positive impact of ethical leadership on innovative work behavior, operating through both direct and indirect pathways mediated by psychological well-being. Intriguingly, the moderating role of perceived organizational support adds depth to our understanding, revealing nuanced conditions under which ethical leadership influences employees' well-being and, subsequently, their innovative contributions.

Practical implications

Beyond theoretical contributions, our study provides practical insights for managers seeking to leverage employees' innovative work behavior for organizational success. By emphasizing ethical leadership as a catalyst, we advocate for its integration into HRM practices. However, recognizing the contextual nature of organizational support, our findings underscore the importance of adaptable leadership strategies to maximize positive outcomes.

Originality/value

Grounded in the principles of social exchange theory, this research marks a pioneering effort to shed light on the link between ethical leadership and innovative work behavior through the mediation of psychological well-being. Additionally, this study makes a valuable contribution to the current body of knowledge by investigating the contingent influence of perceived organizational support on the relationship between ethical leadership and employees' psychological well-being.

Details

Journal of Organizational Change Management, vol. 37 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0953-4814

Keywords

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