Muhammad Jawad Hashim, Adrianna Prinsloo and Deen M. Mirza
Chronic disease services may be improved if care management processes (CMPs), such as disease‐specific flowsheets and chronic disease registries, are used. The newly…
Abstract
Purpose
Chronic disease services may be improved if care management processes (CMPs), such as disease‐specific flowsheets and chronic disease registries, are used. The newly industrialized Gulf state health service has underdeveloped primary care but higher diabetes prevalence. This paper's aim is to investigate care management processes in United Arab Emirates (UAE) primary care clinics to explore these issues.
Design/methodology/approach
A cross‐sectional survey using self‐administered questionnaires given to family physicians and nurses attending a UAE University workshop was used to collect data.
Findings
All 38 participants completed the questionnaire: 68 per cent were women and 81 per cent physicians. Care management processes in use included: medical records, 76 per cent; clinical guidelines, 74 per cent; chronic disease care rooms, 74 per cent; disease‐specific flowsheets, 61 per cent; medical record audits, 57 per cent; chronic disease nurse‐educators, 58 per cent; electronic medical records (EMR), 34 per cent; and incentive plans based on clinical performance, 21 per cent. Only 62 per cent and 48 per cent reported that flowsheets and problem lists, respectively, were completed by physicians. Responses to the open‐ended question included using traditional quality improvement (QI) approaches such as continuing education and staff meetings, but not proactive systems such as disease registries and self‐management.
Research limitations/implications
The study used a small, non‐random sample and the survey instrument's psychometric properties were not collected.
Practical implications
Chronic disease care CMPs are present in UAE clinics but use is limited. Quality improvement should include disease registries, reminder‐tracking systems, patient self‐management support and quality incentives.
Originality/value
This report highlights the lag regarding adopting more effective CMPs in developing countries.
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Muhammad Farrukh, Issam Ghazzawi, Ali Raza and Imran Ahmed Shahzad
Religion is a system of beliefs that plays a vital role in an individual's personal and work life. Surprisingly, management researchers have not studied this area in a meaningful…
Abstract
Purpose
Religion is a system of beliefs that plays a vital role in an individual's personal and work life. Surprisingly, management researchers have not studied this area in a meaningful way. To address this gap in the existing literature, the purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of religiosity on intrapreneurial behaviors of employees.
Design/methodology/approach
A quantitative methodology was adopted in this study. A total of 306 responses are collected through a structured questionnaire.
Findings
Results showed a positive association between religiosity and intrapreneurial behaviors of employees and a significant mediating effect of perceived organizational support on religiosity-IB linkages
Originality/value
The study presents several implications for researchers and practitioners.
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Haniruzila Hanifah, Hasliza Abdul Halim, Noor Hazlina Ahmad and Ali Vafaei-Zadeh
Innovation performance is an issue that has a profound effect not only on Malaysian large companies but also among small and medium enterprises (SMEs) especially Bumiputera SMEs…
Abstract
Purpose
Innovation performance is an issue that has a profound effect not only on Malaysian large companies but also among small and medium enterprises (SMEs) especially Bumiputera SMEs. The purpose of this paper is to explore the theoretical review of innovation culture pertaining to innovation performance by conducting a literature review on SME studies. The previous reference on innovation performance in Malaysian SMEs is still scarce, even though it is the key benchmark to measure firm performance. It has been demonstrated by the literature that innovation culture is significantly associated with innovation performance. Nonetheless, its effect on Bumiputera SMEs is still underexplored. Thus, this study examines the importance of internal factors (specific human capital and social capital) to innovation culture in driving innovation performance.
Design/methodology/approach
A questionnaire-based survey was conducted to gather data from Bumiputera SMEs. A total of 140 responses were obtained and analyses were carried out using Smart-PLS software to produce interesting findings.
Findings
The findings indicate that social capital (relational capital and social network) has a significant impact on innovation culture and indirectly impacts innovation performance. The findings also reveal that specific human capital does not have significant impact on innovation culture and innovation performance. This paper shows the importance of social capital and how it directly influences Bumiputera SMEs and innovation performance. This result will be encouraging to firms in other developing countries.
Practical implications
Although SMEs play an important role in economic development, their contribution to innovation is small and marginal. This study makes an important contribution by providing information to the Malaysian SMEs, especially those that are of Bumiputera status on the factors that could enhance innovation performance and nurture innovation culture in their organisations. Thus, it is hoped that this study will generate interest among researchers to attain more conclusive evidence about the practice of innovation culture among Malaysian SMEs.
Originality/value
This paper is one of the first to address the mediating effect of innovation culture on specific human capital, social capital and innovation performance.
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Shahirah Abu Bakar, Ioan Pop and Norihan Md Arifin
This paper aims to explore dual solutions for the flow of a hybrid nanofluid over a permeable melting stretching/shrinking sheet with nanoparticle shape factor, second-order…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to explore dual solutions for the flow of a hybrid nanofluid over a permeable melting stretching/shrinking sheet with nanoparticle shape factor, second-order velocity slip conditions and viscous dissipation. The hybrid nanofluid is formulated by dispersing alumina (Al2O3) and copper (Cu) nanoparticles into water (H2O).
Design/methodology/approach
The governing partial differential equations (PDEs) are first reduced to a system of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) using a mathematical method of similarity transformation technique. These ODEs are then numerically solved through MATLAB’s bvp4c solver.
Findings
Key parameters such as slip parameter, melting parameter, suction parameter, shrinking parameter and Eckert number are examined. The results reveal the existence of two distinct solutions (upper and lower branches) for the transformed ODEs when considering the shrinking parameter. Increasing value of Cu-volume fraction and the second-order velocity slip enhances boundary layer thicknesses, whereas the heat transfer rate diminishes with rising melting and suction parameters. These numerical results are illustrated through various figures and tables. Additionally, a stability analysis is performed and confirms the upper branch is stable and practical, while the lower branch is unstable.
Practical implications
The analysis of hybrid nanofluid flow over a shrinking surface has practical significance with applications in processes such as solar thermal management systems, automotive cooling systems, sedimentation, microelectronic cooling or centrifugal separation of particles. Both steady and unsteady hybrid nanofluid flows are relevant in these contexts.
Originality/value
While the study of hybrid nanofluid flow is well-documented, research focusing on the shrinking flow case with specific parameters in our study is still relatively scarce. This paper contributes to obtaining dual solutions specifically for the shrinking case, which has been less frequently addressed.
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Feda Abdalla Zahor, Reema Jain, Ahmada Omar Ali and Verdiana Grace Masanja
The purpose of this paper is to review previous research studies on mathematical models for entropy generation in the magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) flow of nanofluids. In addition…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to review previous research studies on mathematical models for entropy generation in the magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) flow of nanofluids. In addition, the influence of various parameters on the velocity profiles, temperature profiles and entropy generation was studied. Furthermore, the numerical methods used to solve the model equations were summarized. The underlying purpose was to understand the research gap and develop a research agenda.
Design/methodology/approach
This paper reviews 141 journal articles published between 2010 and 2022 on topics related to mathematical models used to assess the impacts of various parameters on the entropy generation, heat transfer and velocity of the MHD flow of nanofluids.
Findings
This review clarifies the application of entropy generation mathematical models, identifies areas for future research and provides necessary information for future research in the development of efficient thermodynamic systems. It is hoped that this review paper can provide a basis for further research on the irreversibility of nanofluids flowing through different channels in the development of efficient thermodynamic systems.
Originality/value
Entropy generation analysis and minimization constitute effective approaches for improving the performance of thermodynamic systems. A comprehensive review of the effects of various parameters on entropy generation was performed in this study.
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Peter Nderitu Githaiga, Neddy Soi and Kibet Koskei Buigut
This paper examines the effect of intellectual capital (IC) on the financial sustainability of microfinance institutions (MFIs). The study is motivated by the increased calls for…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper examines the effect of intellectual capital (IC) on the financial sustainability of microfinance institutions (MFIs). The study is motivated by the increased calls for MFIs to be self-sustainable and the growing importance of knowledge-based assets as contributors of competitive advantage and sustained performance.
Design/methodology/approach
With a global sample of 444 MFIs and data for 2013–2018, which yielded 2,664 MFIs-year observations, this study examines the effect of IC on MFIs’ financial sustainability. The data are extracted from the MIX Market database. Value added intellectual capital coefficients are used as proxy measures of IC. Operational self-sufficiency is used to measure financial sustainability. Data are analyzed using three-panel data estimation models: the fixed effect, the random effect and the dynamic panel system generalized method of moments.
Findings
The results show that human capital efficiency and capital employed efficiency have a positive and significant effect on the financial sustainability of MFIs. However, structural capital efficiency has a significantly negative effect on financial sustainability. These results confirm the relative importance of both tangible and intangible assets as important positive contributors of financial sustainability of MFIs.
Research limitations/implications
The paper focused on the association between IC and financial sustainability of MFIs. Therefore, examining nonfinancial institution may validate the contributions of this study.
Practical implications
Based on the findings, MFIs’ managers are encouraged to leverage IC, physical and financial capital to attain financial sustainability. In particular, MFIs should invest in employees training and development. Additionally, owing to the positive relationship between physical capital and financial sustainability, there is need for policy interventions to ensure MFIs access adequate funding. The study further recommends mandatory disclosure of IC among MFIs.
Originality/value
This is the first paper to investigate the relationship between IC and the financial sustainability of MFIs using panel data and a global sample of MFIs; therefore, it lays an empirical ground for future studies.
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Nagisetty Jyothi and Vijaya Kumar Avula Golla
This study aims to analyze the multi-slip effects of entropy generation in steady non-linear magnetohydrodynamics thermal radiation with Williamson nanofluid flow across a porous…
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to analyze the multi-slip effects of entropy generation in steady non-linear magnetohydrodynamics thermal radiation with Williamson nanofluid flow across a porous stretched sheet near a stagnation point. Also, the qualities of viscous dissipation, Cattaneo–Christove heat flux and Arrhenius activation energy are taken into account. Thermophoresis, Brownian motion and Joule heating are also considered.
Design/methodology/approach
The Navier–Stokes equation, the thermal energy equation and the Solutal concentration equations are the governing mathematical equations that describe the flow and heat and mass transfer phenomena for fluid domains. By using the proper similarity transformations, a set of ordinary differential equationss are retrieved from boundary flow equations. The classical Runge–Kutta fifth-order algorithm along with the shooting technique is implemented to solve the obtained first order differential equations.
Findings
The study concludes that the temperature distribution boosting for thermal radiation, magnetic field and Eckert number where as the velocity and entropy generation escalate for the Williamson parameter, diffusion parameter and Brinkman number. The skin-friction and heat and mass transfer rate increases with the fluid injection. In addition, tabulated values of friction drag and rate of heat and mass transfer for various values of constraints are provided.
Originality/value
The comparison of the present results is carried out with the published results and noted a good agreement.
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Tahir Naseem and Azeem Shahzad
The purpose of this study is to examine the flow and heat transfer performance of titanium oxide/water and copper/water nanofluids with varying nanoparticle morphologies by…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study is to examine the flow and heat transfer performance of titanium oxide/water and copper/water nanofluids with varying nanoparticle morphologies by considering magnetic, Joule heating and viscous dissipation effects. Furthermore, it studies the irreversibility caused by the flow of a hydromagnetic nanofluid past a radiated stretching sheet by considering different shapes of TiO2 and Cu nanoparticles with water as the base fluid.
Design/methodology/approach
In this study, the authors investigated entropy production in an unsteady two-dimensional magneto-hydrodynamic nanofluid regime using water as the base fluid and five unique TiO2 and Cu nanoparticle morphologies. Using appropriate similarity transformations, the controlling nonlinear system of partial differential equations is transformed into a system of ordinary differential equations. The shooting technique with Runge–Kutta method was then used to solve these equations quantitatively. The findings of this study are depicted graphically, and the skin friction corresponding to various nanoparticle geometries and physical parameter variations is tabulated.
Findings
To assess the reliability of the current findings, a tabular representation of the data was compared to that of previously published studies. It is noted that a reduction in thermal energy was detected as a result of the higher levels of Prandtl number (Pr). It is further analysed that the highest heat energy generation of TiO2 nanoparticles was larger than that of Cu nanoparticles. The most important finding was that the sphere-shaped Cu/H2O nanofluid had the lowest velocity and greatest temperature. Also, Cu nanoparticles in the shape of platelets generate the most entropy, while TiO2 nanoparticles in the shape of spheres generate the least.
Originality/value
To the best of the knowledge of the authors, the attempt to investigate the previously unexplored shape effects of TiO2 and Cu nanoparticles on the heat transfer enhancement and inherent irreversibility caused by hydromagnetic nanofluid flow past a radiated stretching sheet with magnetic, Joule heating and viscous dissipation effects. This study fills this gap in the existing literature and encourages scientists, engineers and businesses to do more research in this area. This model can be used to improve heat transfer in systems that use renewable energy, thermal management in industry and the processing of materials.