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The purpose of this study was to explore the impact of internal and external market orientations on monetary and non-monetary performances of non-conventional Islamic financial institutions. This study further aimed at proposing a conceptual framework, testing it and examining relationships among the variables.

Data for this study were collected from 132 branches of 11 non-conventional financial institutions in Bangladesh using a closed-ended questionnaire. The study considered a structural equation modeling approach for testing the proposed model. A two-step procedure was used for this purpose. First, a measurement model was analyzed through a confirmatory factor analysis; second, the structured model was evaluated to examine relationships between the constructs. Data used in this study confirmed the adequate reliability, convergent and discriminant validity.

The results of the study met the expectations and provided an evidence that both monetary and non-monetary business performances are functions of internal and external market orientations’ efforts. As the results are reported, all three components of internal market orientation, e.g. internal intelligence generation, dissemination and responsiveness, were found to be statistically significant and positively related to monetary and non-monetary performances, except internal intelligence responsiveness with employees’ team spirits. The study also revealed a significant relationship between all three external market orientation components, and business performance, except external intelligence responsiveness, was not found to have a significant relationship with team spirit and customer retention. The results, however, imply that the performance of non-conventional financial institutions is an integrated effort of both internal and external orientations rather than using a single approach.

Findings of this study support the theoretical arguments that non-conventional financial institutions can be successful in attaining all types of performances by initiating and adopting internal and external market-oriented activities. The study further argues the importance of the activities under each market orientation component and suggests non-conventional financial institutions to promote such an initiative if they are to be consistent in their performances.

The purpose of this paper is to explore the nature of market orientation that exists in the Islamic financial institutions. The study further aims at identifying the antecedents and consequences of such market orientation.

Considering the explorative nature, the study uses qualitative research approach, collecting data in words using in-depth interview technique, drawing sample from Islamic financial institutions of both Bangladesh and United Arab Emirates. Data were coded and categorized using inductive reasoning method and similar responses were identified from a prepared data matrix. The results were presented in a narrative way using simple frequency for the agreements and disagreements of respondents considering “street language” without being mediating the meaning of the responses.

A different nature of market orientation called Islamic market orientation has been identified by the results of the study. The study identifies five elements (orientation on Islamic customer, orientation on information, orientation on integration, orientation on competition, and finally orientation on responsiveness) that embody the formation of Islamic market orientation. The study also identifies a different set of antecedents (attitude toward Islamic values, Islamic leadership, risk partaking, inter-relationships, government legislations, and management training) that are responsible for determining the extent of Islamic market orientation. The study further identifies a set of consequences (profitability, customer satisfaction and retention, gaining new customers, increase of employees’ team spirit and satisfaction, service quality improvement, increase of market share, and increase of work efficiency) when market-oriented behavior is being adopted by the Islamic financial institutions.

To the best of the knowledge of the authors of this study, the results offer a different kind of market orientation along with its antecedents and consequences which can be considered as completely original and unique.

The purpose of the study is to explore the market orientation of the private universities in Bangladesh. The study further aims to investigate the relationships between market orientation and business performance.

Data for this study were collected from the faculty members of business and non‐business schools of the 15 private universities in Bangladesh. A total number of 314 faculty members were interviewed with a structured questionnaire. Reliability, convergent and discriminant validity issues of the data were assessed and outcomes of these confirm the reliability and validity for the data used for the study.

Direct entry regression was used in order to identify the relationships between market orientation and its performance. Four performance measures – student growth, market share, teaching and service quality – and overall performance were used to investigate their relationships with market orientation. All four measures were found to be statistically significant and positively related to the market orientation of the private universities in Bangladesh.

The findings of the study support the theoretical arguments that the universities can be successful in attaining their business performances by initiating and adopting market oriented activities. The study further argues why it is so critical for a private university to be market oriented and how this market orientation can be attained.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of internal market orientation on the adoption of external market orientation among the retail banks in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). This study adds to the previous research regarding external market orientation. It also develops an empirical model on the basis of the results.

This study used a self-administered structured questionnaire to collect data from the front-line marketing and non-marketing employees from the banks. Data were collected from 98 branches of all the 49 banks that operate in the UAE. Two major emirates of the UAE, namely, Abu Dhabi and Dubai, were considered for data collection. Each bank contributed responses from a minimum of two branches, and 113 completed questionnaires were received out of 196 respondents approached for data collection. The reliability, convergent and discriminant validity issues of the data were assessed, and the results of these confirmed the appropriateness of the data used in this study.

Direct entry regression and multivariate analysis of variance were used for identifying the conclusions surrounding the hypotheses of the study. The results measured the extent of internal market orientation and employees’ organisational commitment. They both confirmed their positive role on the adoption of external market orientations among the retail banks in the UAE. The results of the study further provided evidence that once an external market orientation focus is adopted, this benefits customer loyalty and satisfaction in addition to overall positive business outcomes for the banks concerned.

The findings of this study support the theoretical arguments of the role of employees and internal market orientation on the adoption of external market orientation. This study further identifies the reason why the adoption of external market orientation is critical for the success of banks.

The purpose of this paper is to develop and propose an integrated model of marketing knowledge from a tacit knowledge management perspective. This paper further aims at developing a linkage between explicit knowledge perspective (internal and external marketing) and tacit knowledge orientation of an organization, leading to improved business success.

This paper develops a conceptual model showing the integration of the internal, tacit and explicit knowledge perspectives that results in improved business success. The proposed model and associated propositions are drawn from the synthesis of relevant knowledge and marketing literature.

Five major associated propositions are offered in the paper, which inform both scholars and practitioners about what constitutes a holistic market orientation and how organizations can achieve business success by adopting both an internal and external orientation to tacit and explicit knowledge management.

The model makes an original contribution to theoretical and organizational marketing management knowledge. It does this by extending the conceptual and operational boundaries of existing models of internal and external marketing, aimed at helping organizations achieve competitive advantage and business success.