Ishfaq Nazir Khanday, Inayat Ullah Wani and Mohammad Tarique
The paper assesses the moderating function of institutions in the financial development and environmental nexus covering India for the time period 1980–2019.
Abstract
Purpose
The paper assesses the moderating function of institutions in the financial development and environmental nexus covering India for the time period 1980–2019.
Design/methodology/approach
Deviating from extant literature which has mostly used emissions of major greenhouse gasses as a measure of environmental quality, the present study uses a broad measure of environmental quality called ecological footprint (EFP). Financial development is measured using a robust proxy recently introduced by International Monetary Fund (IMF). This index is multifaceted and covers three broad dimensions of financial sector in terms of depth, efficiency and access of both financial institutions and markets, thus outperforming the exclusively bank-based measures used in the past literature. Further institutional quality index is generated using the data from international country risk guide. Finally, autoregressive distributed lag model is used for the empirical estimation of short-run and long-run results.
Findings
The empirical estimates reveal that financial development and institutional quality are good for long-run environmental sustainability of India, whereas economic growth degrades the environment in the long- run. The results also attest to the existence of pollution heaven hypothesis in India for long run. Furthermore, regarding the moderating role of institutions, the study reveals that institutional quality complements financial development in affecting environment in the short run. While as, in the long run, they play a substitutive role whereby sound institutions cover-up the inefficiencies in financial system.
Research limitations/implications
First, the paper uses the index of financial development developed by the IMF in order to quantify the level of financial development in India overtime. The index is based on three key dimensions of financial development such as the depth, efficiency and access of both financial institutions and markets. However, the index completely neglects the role of financial stability in determining financial development. Thus, future studies that are based on this IMF introduced index of financial development should incorporate the stability dimension to it. Second, this empirical study focused exclusively on India and employed aggregate EFP to measure environmental quality. Further studies can complement the content of this research by conducting similar studies to capture country-specific characteristics of other emerging economies and also scrutinize the impact on the six sub-indices of EFP.
Practical implications
The results of the study reveal that the effect of financial development, and institutions on ecological footprint is sensitive to time dynamics. Moreover, the findings offer important policy implications to government and policy makers in India on how to curb the menace of environmental degradation.
Originality/value
The paper addresses the gap in the literature by examining the moderating role of institutional quality in the financial development and ecological footprint nexus in India. Furthermore, the authors employ a robust proxy for both financial development and environmental quality unlike extant studies on India.
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Muhammad Shujaat Mubarik, Nick Bontis, Mobasher Mubarik and Tarique Mahmood
The main objective of this study is to test whether firms with a higher level of intellectual capital (IC) perform better in terms of their supply chain resilience compared to…
Abstract
Purpose
The main objective of this study is to test whether firms with a higher level of intellectual capital (IC) perform better in terms of their supply chain resilience compared to those with lower levels of IC. Likewise, the study also examines the impact of IC (characterized by human capital, relational capital and structural capital) on supply chain resilience directly and through supply chain learning.
Design/methodology/approach
Data were collected from the 159 processed-food sector firms using a close-ended questionnaire during the corona virus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM), partial least squares multigroup analysis (PLS-MGA) and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to test a set of hypotheses emanating from a conceptual model of IC and supply chain resilience.
Findings
Empirical results revealed a significant influence of all dimension of IC on a firm's supply chain learning and supply chain resilience. Likewise, findings also exhibit a momentous role of supply chain learning in reinforcing the impact of IC on supply chain resilience. Cross-firm size comparison reveals that supply chain resilience of firms with a higher level of IC performed significantly better than those with lower levels of IC. Firms with a higher level of structural capital had a highly resilient supply chain.
Practical implications
Findings of the study imply that IC and supply chain learning should be considered as a strategic tool and should be strategically developed for uplifting a supply chain performance of a firm. The development of IC and supply chain learning (SCL) not only improves the supply chain resilience of a firm but also can help to integrate the internal and external knowledge for harnessing supply chain resilience.
Originality/value
This research study was conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic which provides a unique setting to examine resiliency and learning.
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Mohammad-Hadi Sehatpour, Behnam Abedin and Aliyeh Kazemi
The main aim of this research is to rank and prioritize the solutions to address the challenges for the successful implementation of talent management (TM) in government banks in…
Abstract
Purpose
The main aim of this research is to rank and prioritize the solutions to address the challenges for the successful implementation of talent management (TM) in government banks in Iran.
Design/methodology/approach
This paper has identified the challenges of TM implementation in government banks and proposed the solutions to address these challenges through a review of the extant literature. The identified challenges and solutions were ranked using two multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) methods called PROMETHEE and VIKOR based on the insights from 20 senior managers of government banks in Iran.
Findings
The challenges and solutions were categorized into cultural, managerial, human resources and environmental-related factors. “Building culture of TM in organizations”, “making TM as an ongoing process in organizations”, “commitment of senior managers to TM process”, “managing TM pipeline” and “focusing on meritocracy in recruitment and selections” were ranked as the top solutions to address cultural, managerial, human resources and environmental challenges, respectively.
Research limitations/implications
The findings can provide a comprehensive view of different types of challenges and solutions in the TM process for government organizations and institutions. It also provides helpful insights for top managers to define their organizations' strategies effectively and to implement the TM process by ranking and prioritizing the solutions to address their challenges.
Originality/value
The main contribution of this study is to develop a comprehensive framework in which, identification of different types of challenges in the implementation of TM processes can be addressed and the approaches to remove or mitigate the effects of these challenges are ranked by using two well-established MCDM techniques.
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Hinadi Akbar and Mohammad Anas
This study aims to examine the influence of the talent management (TM) process on employee ambidexterity (EA) and the moderating role of learning organizations in Indian IT and…
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to examine the influence of the talent management (TM) process on employee ambidexterity (EA) and the moderating role of learning organizations in Indian IT and ITes organizations.
Design/methodology/approach
The study is descriptive and based on empirical data from 390 IT and ITES employees from India. Data were collected using three valid and reliable questionnaires. Data were analysed using partial least squares structural equation modelling.
Findings
The findings show that the TM process significantly impacted EA. The moderating effects of the four dimensions of learning organization (LO) on the relationship between the TM process and EA were also noteworthy, even though no direct association was found to be significant. Regarding demographic variables, male and female employees do not vary considerably in their perception of TM process and EA in LO.
Originality/value
The study’s novelty lies in creating and discussing a synthesis of exploration and exploitation stemming from EA in learning organization.
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Mohammad Faraz Naim and Usha Lenka
The purpose of this paper is to examine the talent management (TM) system in an Indian IT organisation.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the talent management (TM) system in an Indian IT organisation.
Design/methodology/approach
Structured interviews were conducted to collect primary data and then content was analysed to develop the case study.
Findings
Recruitment, talent development, knowledge management, social media, performance management, and rewards are the main practices associated with TM.
Research limitations/implications
The authors acknowledge that the scope of the study is limited to the IT sector and the study is not empirically tested.
Practical implications
HR managers should embrace the practices of TM of the case organisation to effectively manage their workforce.
Originality/value
This is a first study to unravel TM in the Indian IT industry context.
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Keywords
Abu Talib Mohammad Monawer, Noor Naemah Abdul Rahman, Ameen Ahmed Abdullah Qasem Al-Nahari, Luqman Haji Abdullah, Abdul Karim Ali and Achour Meguellati
This paper aims to formulate a conceptual framework that will facilitate the actualization of maqāṣid al-Sharīʿah in product design and consumption within Islamic financial…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to formulate a conceptual framework that will facilitate the actualization of maqāṣid al-Sharīʿah in product design and consumption within Islamic financial institutions (IFIs).
Design/methodology/approach
This paper relies on the classical and contemporary literature on maqāṣid al-Sharīʿah and Islamic finance and adopts a qualitative content analysis method and an inductive approach to outline the constituent elements that formulate the framework.
Findings
This study determines six vital constituents of maqāṣid al-Sharīʿah, namely, parameters of maqāṣid, particular objectives, appropriate means, micro provisions, level of need and legal maxims to develop a conceptual framework of actualizing maqāṣid al-Sharīʿah in Islamic finance. The framework covers the following three stages: identification of maqāṣid, operationalization of maqāṣid in product design and consumption based on maqāṣid.
Research limitations/implications
This paper proposes a conceptual framework without investigating the practice of any particular industry or products. Further research would focus on formulating a practical framework based on a focus group discussion with industry experts, elaborating the parameters of maqāṣid, scrutinizing the maqāṣid available in the literature by the parameters of maqāṣid and assessing the IFIs’ products and services using the proposed framework.
Practical implications
This paper provides insights into the importance of maqāṣid elements and the effects of overlooking them on IFIs and customers’ product consumption. Furthermore, a major implication of the proposed framework is to learn how to use the maqāṣid approach as the baseline for designing new financial products.
Originality/value
The novelty of this paper lies in its pioneering attempt of harmonizing all essential maqāṣid elements and using them as constituents to formulate a comprehensive framework that actualizes maqāṣid al-Sharīʿah in the Islamic finance industry.
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Hanan AlMazrouei and Robert Zacca
The purpose of this paper is to investigate leadership competencies of expatriate managers working within the UAE and identify if these competencies are unique from those needed…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate leadership competencies of expatriate managers working within the UAE and identify if these competencies are unique from those needed in their home country. Additionally, the paper aims to identify how new competencies expatriate leaders have developed while in their current position and how this enhances their ability to better manage staff in the UAE. Leadership competencies are skills and behaviors that contribute to enhanced performance. While some leadership competencies are essential to all firms, some distinctive leadership attributes may be particularly relevant to organizations possessing a large expatriate community.
Design/methodology/approach
Personal interviews and stratified sampling were used to examine the qualities and skills relating to expatriate managers’ success in leading UAE organizations. The research design did not differentiate between the origins and ethnicities of the leaders. The leaders, whether American, European, Indo-Pakistani or Asian, were treated as one entity.
Findings
Factors such as communication ability, team building qualities and ability to handle local nationals were found to have a significant effect on expatriate adjustment and success in managing UAE organizations.
Practical implications
By investigating specific competencies and skills that expatriate managers need to lead organizations in the UAE and the broader Gulf region, the study informs organizations on how they can better identify and develop leadership skills that lead to enhanced performance.
Originality/value
The study focuses on leadership competencies within the expatriate community of the UAE.
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Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina’s Awami League (AL) is targeting a third consecutive term. It faces a challenge from the Jatiya Oikya Front (JOF), a recently formed opposition…
Details
DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-DB240404
ISSN: 2633-304X
Keywords
Geographic
Topical
Naji Mansour Nomran and Razali Haron
There is much debate in the literature about how the performance of Islamic banks (IBs) should be measured. Basically, IBs’ business models are different from that of conventional…
Abstract
Purpose
There is much debate in the literature about how the performance of Islamic banks (IBs) should be measured. Basically, IBs’ business models are different from that of conventional banks; thus, the performance of IBs should be measured by using a Sharīʿah-based approach. This paper considers zakat (Islamic tax) as an alternative indicator to measure the performance of IBs. This paper aims to examine whether zakat ratios can be used as Islamic performance (ISPER) indicators for IBs besides the conventional performance (COPER) indicators.
Design/methodology/approach
The investigation covered a sample of 214 yearly observations of 37 IBs located in Indonesia, Malaysia, Bahrain, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates for the period 2007–2015. This study used a single-factor congeneric model and confirmatory factor analysis, performed using the AMOS 23.0 software.
Findings
The findings assert that the discriminant validity of multi-bank performance, as measured by ISPER [zakat on assets (ZOA) and zakat on equity (ZOE)] and COPER indicators (return on assets, return on equity and operational efficiency in terms of assets), is very high. Hence, ISPER and COPER measurements are valid, either together to measure the multi-performance of IBs from both the Islamic and conventional perspectives, or independently as each measurement is valid to measure the Islamic and conventional performance if it is used separately.
Research limitations/implications
This paper does not investigate whether the findings are constant across time. This represents one of the limitations of this study.
Practical implications
It is strongly recommended that IBs calculate and disclose zakat ratios, particularly ZOA and ZOE, in their annual reports. Researchers and academicians should use these ratios for measuring the ISPER of IBs, either along with COPER or separately.
Originality/value
Empirical evidence is provided in this paper on the development and validity of zakat ratios as ISPER indicators in the Islamic banking industry. Zakat ratios are suitable indicators that can measure IBs’ performance and achieve the goals of IBs as well as those of Islamic economics. Technically, zakat has a dynamic ability to reflect the profitability of IBs. The more the IBs generate profit, the more they pay zakat. Furthermore, the greater the total assets of IBs, the higher the amount of zakat that they should pay. Thus, zakat ratios can be used as profitability measurements as in the case of tax ratios.
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Rym Ammar, Sonia Rebai and Dhafer Saidane
The purpose of this paper is to suggest a model that yields a sustainability performance index for Islamic banks (IBs). This index is expected to account for stakeholders’…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to suggest a model that yields a sustainability performance index for Islamic banks (IBs). This index is expected to account for stakeholders’ viewpoints while considering sustainability and Maqasid Al-Shariah as bases.
Design/methodology/approach
First, based on the relevant literature review refined through consultations with academic, banking and Shariah experts, the main stakeholders and their corresponding lists of relevant attributes and sub-attributes are identified. Then, adopting a multi-attribute utility approach and based on a second step of interviews with experts, an aggregated index is suggested. Finally, the developed index is applied to five famous Islamic banking groups over the period 2005–2019.
Findings
Empirical evidence shows that the banks used in the implementation do not achieve high scores of the suggested index. This can be interpreted through a lack of Islamic normative aspects and low adherence to sustainability practices. Specifically, they are not functioning on a justice basis and are deficient in providing sufficient varieties of Islamic products. They are also more interested in economic sustainability and are not involved in environmental and social ones.
Originality/value
The developed index not only considers the compliance of the banking activities with Shariah, but it also addresses their sustainability from the main stakeholders’ perspectives. The suggested model provides a transparent performance evaluation tool for IBs omitting all causes of conflict of interests and certifies the fairness of the resulting assessments.