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Article
Publication date: 8 December 2020

Yu-Ming Chung, Shao-Yu Lee, Yung-Kai Lin, Yung-Hao Lin, Mohamed El-Shazly, Yung-Hsiang Lin and Chi-Fu Chiang

Rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum), a ubiquitous fruit in Southeastern Asia, was rich in vitamins and phytochemicals, which were beneficial for improving of skin conditions. The…

162

Abstract

Purpose

Rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum), a ubiquitous fruit in Southeastern Asia, was rich in vitamins and phytochemicals, which were beneficial for improving of skin conditions. The fermentation process increased phytochemicals and antioxidant capacity. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to examine whether phytochemicals can be increased through the fermentation process of rambutan extracts to improve skin aging.

Design/methodology/approach

In this study, the authors used the three stages of fermentation with Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Lactobacillus plantarum TCI028 and Acetobacter aceti under red light to develop a fermented rambutan extract.

Findings

The level of polyphenols of red-light-based fermented rambutan extract (RLFRE) were significantly increased 108.9% (p < 0.01) and 97% (p <0.01) compared with fermented rambutan extract (FRE) and pure rambutan extract (RE), respectively. The human skin fibroblasts treated with 0.03 or 0.06% of RLFRE can significantly decrease reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels by 0.74- (p <0.001) and 0.84-fold (p <0.001) compared with H2O2 group, respectively. And 0.03% of RLFRE can significantly increase in elastin content by 1.13-fold (p <0.05). Also, ten compounds were identified including one new phenolic compound and nine known compounds from RLFRE. Moreover, red light could enhance the levels of compounds 4, 9 and 3 by 5, 2.5 and 2.5-fold, respectively, relative to the results of FRE. The last, RLFRE isolated compounds significantly facilitated the elastin content on fibroblast (compound 1, 7, 9, 10 compared with control: p <0.001, compound 2 compared with control: p <0.001).

Originality/value

In short, this was the first study to unveil that the red-light-based fermentation can enrich the antioxidant content in a rambutan extract and its product had the potential to be developed a functional product for health-promoting effects such as skin aging.

Details

Nutrition & Food Science , vol. 51 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0034-6659

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Article
Publication date: 1 April 1995

Sh.A. El‐Shazly, A.A. Zaghloul, M.T. Mohamed and R.M. Abdullah

The results of the corrosion of metals and alloys with the use of solvent mixtures covering a wide range of compositions are limited in the literature. These mixed solvent systems…

39

Abstract

The results of the corrosion of metals and alloys with the use of solvent mixtures covering a wide range of compositions are limited in the literature. These mixed solvent systems possess a wide range of viscosity, dielectric constant and acid‐base properties. With this view, a kinetic study on the corrosion of metals in different aquo‐organic solvent systems has been undertaken. The corrosion of metals and alloys is strongly affected by the presence of water, the latter being found to have a passivating effect and sometimes a passivity breakdown effect. It is therefore of much interest to study the influence of varying water concentration on the corrosion and electrochemical behaviour of metal and alloys. The present work is a continuation of our studies on the kinetic of corrosion of metals in mixed aqueous‐organic solvents. Also, the corrosion rates are correlated to the dielectric constant and the total number of moles (n1 + n2) of water and ethylene glycol. This latter new correlation is described by El‐Shazly et al. for calculating the chemical potential (Δμ*) from kinetic data and molar thermodynamic excess functions for binary mixtures.

Details

Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials, vol. 42 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0003-5599

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Article
Publication date: 1 January 1994

S. Abd El Wanees

Corrosion inhibitors are widely used in industry, although in many cases their surface chemistry is not well understood. Several nitrogen‐containing organic compounds have been…

80

Abstract

Corrosion inhibitors are widely used in industry, although in many cases their surface chemistry is not well understood. Several nitrogen‐containing organic compounds have been used as corrosion inhibitors. Corrosion inhibition is a surface process which involves the specific adsorption of inhibitors on the metal surface. The extent of inhibition of metallic corrosion may depend on the nature of the metal surface and extent of adsorption of the inhibitor. The type of interaction of the inhibitor on the metal surface during corrosion has been deduced from its adsorption characteristics.

Details

Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials, vol. 41 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0003-5599

Available. Open Access. Open Access
Article
Publication date: 9 January 2024

Rania Ahmed Aly El Garem, Amira Fouad and Hassan Mohamed

This paper explores the effect of perceived service quality, trust, perceived value and perceived cost on patient satisfaction and loyalty as well as exploring the moderating…

1901

Abstract

Purpose

This paper explores the effect of perceived service quality, trust, perceived value and perceived cost on patient satisfaction and loyalty as well as exploring the moderating role of the sociodemographic factors.

Design/methodology/approach

The data were gathered from 462 patients via a structured questionnaire, while structural equation modeling was utilized for the analysis.

Findings

Results indicated that trust, perceived value and patient satisfaction have important roles in shaping the patient loyalty, while patient satisfaction was found to fully mediate the patient’s perceived service quality. Loyalty relationship was also found to partially mediate the trust–loyalty relationship. Nonetheless, the patient’s satisfaction–loyalty relationship was found to be only moderated by the age factor.

Practical implications

Implications are provided to the Egyptian private hospitals in order for them to formulate improvement plans as well as set higher standards of conduct.

Originality/value

This original research is the first one, up to the researcher knowledge, that explores the drivers of patient satisfaction in the private hospitals in Egypt.

Details

Journal of Humanities and Applied Social Sciences, vol. 6 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2632-279X

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Article
Publication date: 1 July 2006

A.M. Abdel‐Gaber, H.H. Abdel‐Rahman, A.M. Ahmed and M.H. Fathalla

The aim of this paper is to elucidate the mechanism and the effect of different monohydric organic solvent on the corrosion behaviour of zinc in distilled water.

665

Abstract

Purpose

The aim of this paper is to elucidate the mechanism and the effect of different monohydric organic solvent on the corrosion behaviour of zinc in distilled water.

Design/methodology/approach

The corrosion behaviour of zinc in stagnant distilled water containing 0‐70 percent (v/v) methanol, ethanol or n‐propanol was investigated at 25‐40°C using potentiodynamic polarization technique. The activation parameters that govern zinc corrosion in mixed solvent system were also calculated.

Findings

The data revealed that, the corrosion of zinc in mixed solvents depends on two factors: the hydrolysis rates of the metal ions in alcohol‐water solutions and the chemisorption of organic solvent molecules at the metal surface. When the latter effect predominant the final result is an increase of the inhibiting effect. On the other hand, when the first factor is dominant the final result is a decrease in the protection efficiency and may exhibit an accelerating effect.

Research limitations/implications

Special attention should be made on using mixed water‐alcohol solvents. Methanol, 50 percent (v/v), has unexpected accelerating effect whereas 70 percent (v/v) exhibits protection efficiency of ≈58 percent.

Originality/value

Owing to environmental concerns, the use of alcohol in automotive fuel increases. Therefore, it is of importance to study the corrosion behaviour of zinc in alcoholic solution.

Details

Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials, vol. 53 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0003-5599

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Article
Publication date: 1 December 2005

Mohamed M. Mostafa

This paper seeks to investigate how patients perceive service quality in Egypt's public and private hospitals. The paper also tests the SERVQUAL dimensions in hospitals within an…

3781

Abstract

Purpose

This paper seeks to investigate how patients perceive service quality in Egypt's public and private hospitals. The paper also tests the SERVQUAL dimensions in hospitals within an Arab, non‐Western context.

Design/methodology/approach

The author used a cross‐sectional questionnaire survey, performed in 2005. A sample of 332 patients from 12 hospitals in Egypt participated in the study.

Findings

The results highlighted a three‐factor solution for the SERVQUAL instrument with 67 per cent of variance explained. This result does not support the five‐components original SERVQUAL. A discriminant function was estimated for patients who selected public hospitals and those who selected private hospitals. The model was found to be significant in explaining patients' choice of the type of hospital.

Research limitations/implications

The use of quantitative methods alone is valuable in establishing relationships between variables, but is considered weak when attempting to identify the reasons for those relationships. Patients may have a complex set of important beliefs that cannot be captured in the questionnaire. Therefore, using qualitative research along quantitative methods in future studies may enhance the findings of this study.

Originality/value

This article will be of interest to both public and private hospitals wishing to determine what patients expect from the quality of service provided to them.

Details

International Journal of Health Care Quality Assurance, vol. 18 no. 7
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0952-6862

Keywords

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Book part
Publication date: 2 March 2022

Paul G. C. Hector

Purpose: This study examines the use of Design Thinking by international development actors in the Middle East & North Africa (MENA) region. Factors contributing to Design…

Abstract

Purpose: This study examines the use of Design Thinking by international development actors in the Middle East & North Africa (MENA) region. Factors contributing to Design Thinking’s adoption, its evolution, and contributions to the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are identified.

Methodology/approach: The study used a desk review, survey questionnaire, and semi-structured interviews with purposefully selected experts to capture experiences from across the MENA region. Snowballing enabled more experts to be reached.

Findings: Over the past decade, Design Thinking has been successfully adopted by a growing number of organizations and sectors. Its low-resource requirements and focus on mindset enable it to empower communities to find solutions by and for themselves. Its human-centered approach, use of empathy to deepen understanding of the user makes it well suited for advancing the 2030 SDGs vision of “no one left behind.”

Research limitations/implications: This was a small exploratory study that involved 13 respondents in 4 countries. All experts interviewed lead Design Thinking projects across the MENA region. The chapter identifies actions to enhance research/knowledge in this area.

Practical implications: A systematic mapping of Design Thinking actors and initiatives across the MENA region and the establishment of communities of practice could improve knowledge and resource sharing and more effective/wider application of Design Thinking.

Social implications: Design Thinking can contribute to the 2030 SDGs in the MENA region. As a low-resource methodology, Design Thinking can empower grassroots actors to make and own needed changes.

Originality/value of paper: This chapter appears to be the first one to examine Design Thinking’s contribution to achieving the 2030 SDGs in the MENA region.

Details

Entrepreneurial Rise in the Middle East and North Africa: The Influence of Quadruple Helix on Technological Innovation
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-80071-518-9

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Article
Publication date: 29 February 2024

Aida Malek Mahdavi and Zeinab Javadivala

This systematic review aims to gain the studies regarding the effect of Nigella Sativa (N. sativa) on adipokines including leptin, adiponectin and resistin.

20

Abstract

Purpose

This systematic review aims to gain the studies regarding the effect of Nigella Sativa (N. sativa) on adipokines including leptin, adiponectin and resistin.

Design/methodology/approach

Search was carried out using databases Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed and Google Scholar with no restriction on language or date until February 2023 and alert services were applied to identify any paper after the primary search.

Findings

Eighteen animal and human studies were eligible for the current systematic review. Leptin and resistin levels showed a downward tendency after consuming N. sativa and its ingredients [e.g. oil, thymoquinone (TQ) and thymol] as well as its extracts (e.g. water extract). Furthermore, considering 4 of 8 animal research studies and 2 of 5 human studies that evaluated adiponectin levels, a significant increase was observed after using N. sativa and its ingredients (e.g. oil, TQ and thymol).

Originality/value

The present paper collates evidence from animal and human studies regarding the effect of N. sativa on adipokines including leptin, adiponectin and resistin.

Details

Nutrition & Food Science , vol. 54 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0034-6659

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Article
Publication date: 13 November 2007

Mervette El‐Batouti

The object of the present work is to study the kinetics of removal of Pb++ on zinc rods in the presence and absence of three surface active substances (SAS) at different…

265

Abstract

Purpose

The object of the present work is to study the kinetics of removal of Pb++ on zinc rods in the presence and absence of three surface active substances (SAS) at different concentrations of SAS and different temperatures.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper uses a range of recently published (1973‐2003) works, which aim to provide practical and theoretical information about lead, which is a very toxic metal.

Findings

Lead tends to accumulate a sediment, from which it can be released by various processes of remobilization and in many cases it enters the food chain and is concentrated in fish and other edible organisms. The reaction can be considered as taking place via six steps.

Research limitations/implications

The work is a list of recent papers which have been published in different European journals and magazines.

Practical implications

The determination of change of Pb++ concentrations was carried out using a Perkin‐Elmer atomic absorption Spectrophotometer.

Originality/value

The rate of PbII/Zn cementation reaction in the presence of surfactants as non‐ionic (Triton‐X‐100), anionic (SDS) and cationic (CTAB) decreased compared with the blank solution (lead nitrate solution). The order of decreasing rate was as follows: Triton‐X‐100 > CTAB > SDS. The rate of cementation was increased by temperature and the value of ΔE* ranged between 27 and 33 kJmol−1, which indicated that the reaction is a diffusion‐controlled process. The presence of two different SAS in the solution is more effective than the presence of one only.

Details

Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials, vol. 54 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0003-5599

Keywords

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