Ahmed M. Ellakany, Mohamad Ali, Mohamed A. El-Gohary and Mohamed Elkholy
The purpose of this paper is to introduce a numerical model to investigate static response of elastic steel-concrete beams. The numerical model is based on the lumped system with…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to introduce a numerical model to investigate static response of elastic steel-concrete beams. The numerical model is based on the lumped system with the combination of the transfer matrix and the analog beam methods (ABM). The beams are composed of an upper concrete slab and a lower steel beam, connected at the interface by shear transmitting studs. This type of beam is widely used in constructions especially for highway bridges. The static field and point transfer matrices for the element of the elastic composite beam are derived. The present model is verified and is applied to study the static response of elastic composite beams with intermediate conditions. The intermediate condition is considered as an elastic support with various values of stiffness. The elastic support can be considered rigid when the stiffness has very high values. The influence effect of shear stiffness between the upper slab and lower beam, and the end shear restraint on the static behavior of the composite beams is studied. In addition, the change in the stiffness of the elastic support is also highlighted.
Design/methodology/approach
The objective of this study is to introduce a numerical model based on lumped system to calculate the static performance of elastic composite bridge beams having intermediate elastic support by combining the ABM with the transfer matrix method (TMM). The developed model is applicable for studying static and dynamic responses of steel-concrete elastic composite beams with different end conditions taking into account the effect of partial shear interactions. The validity of the lumped mass model is checked by comparing its results with a distributed model and good agreements are achieved (Ellakany and Tablia, 2010).
Findings
A model based on the lumped system of the elastic composite steel-concrete bridge beam with intermediate elastic support under static load is presented. The model takes into consideration the effect of the end shear restraint together with the interaction between the upper slab and the lower beam. Combining the analogical beam method with the TMM and analyzing the behavior of the elastic composite beam in terms of shear studs and stiffness, the following outcomes can be drawn: end shear restraint and stiffness of the shear layer are the two main factors affecting the response of elastic composite beams in terms of both the deflection and the moments. Using end shear restraint reduces the deflection extensively by about 40 percent compared to if it is not used assuming that: there is no interaction between the upper slab and the lower beam and the beam is acting as simply supported. As long as the shear layer stiffness increases or interaction exists, the deflection decreases. This reduced rate in deflection is smaller in case of existence of end shear restraint. The effect of the end shear restraint is more prevailing on reducing the deflections in case of partial interactions. However, its effect completely diminishes in case of complete interaction. Presence of the end shear restraint and shear layer stiffness produces almost the same variations in the components of the bending moments of the composite beam. Finally, for a complete interaction, comparing the case of using end shear restraint or the case without it, the differences in the values of the deflections and moments are almost negligible.
Research limitations/implications
The following assumptions related to the theory of ABM: shear studs connecting both sub-beams are modeled as a thin shear layer, each sub-beam has the same vertical displacement and the shear deformation in the sub-beams is neglected.
Practical implications
The developed model can be effectively used for a quick estimation of the dynamic responses of elastic composite beams in real life rather than utilizing complicated numerical models.
Social implications
The applications of this model can be further extended for studying the behavior of complex bridge beams that will guarantee the safety of the public in a quick view.
Originality/value
Previous models combined the TMM with the ABM for studying the static and free-vibration behaviors of elastic composite beams assuming that the field element is subjected to a distributed load. To study the dynamic response of elastic composite beams subjected to different moving loads using transfer matrix ABM, it was essential to use a massless field element and concentrate the own weight of the beam at the point element. This model is considered a first step for studying the impact factors of elastic composite beams subjected to moving loads.
Details
Keywords
Mohamed Fawzi Afifi, Asad Mohsin and Mustafa Farouk
The study investigates perceptions and debate that are linked to the relationship between religion, alcohol, tourism and hospitality within the context of an Islamic tourist…
Abstract
Purpose
The study investigates perceptions and debate that are linked to the relationship between religion, alcohol, tourism and hospitality within the context of an Islamic tourist destination. An analytical approach involving a review of literature, assessment of conservationists’ attitude representing Islam and Christianity, and current trends using a student sample to determine intentions is used. The study findings suggest that alcohol and religiosity are not compatible, use, abuse and dependency are more common among non-believers than believers. A tense dispute continues in the Arab World around alcohol. The study contributes to the literature by highlighting economics, social practice, theoretical and managerial implications related to alcohol service in Egypt and suggests a way forward for global Muslim staff working in the hospitality, tourism, and travel industries.
Design/methodology/approach
The study uses an analytical approach involving a review of literature, assessment of conservationists’ attitude representing Islam and Christianity and current trends using a student sample to determine intentions.
Findings
The study findings suggest that alcohol and religiosity are not compatible, use, abuse and dependency are more common among non-believers than believers. A tense dispute continues in the Arab World around alcohol.
Research limitations/Implications
The study is assessing the relationship between religion, alcohol, hospitality and tourism within the context of Egypt, advances knowledge about halal tourism and hospitality by explicitly linking religious obligations and the implication on tourism. The findings should be used with caution considering the subjectivity of responses and the size of the sample.
Practical implications
The service/hospitality industry managers could be Muslims or non-Muslims representing major airlines, hotels and restaurants where alcohol is served by Muslim employees. These managers should consider avoiding the sale or serving of alcohol completely, and if not, they must not force their workers to serve alcohol if they chose not to.
Social implications
Faith-based (e.g. Muslims, Seventh Day Adventists and Mormons), ideological or ethically driven alternative services should be created for the staff concerned with alcohol service/consumption. Employment is to be provided to adherents of these faiths or ideologies as an alternative resort.
Mohamed Battour, Muhammad Khalilur Rahman and Md. Sohel Rana
The study aims to determine the impact of non-Muslim tourists’ perception of halal tourism products and services (PHTPS) on trip quality, trip value, satisfaction and word of…
Abstract
Purpose
The study aims to determine the impact of non-Muslim tourists’ perception of halal tourism products and services (PHTPS) on trip quality, trip value, satisfaction and word of mouth (WOM) towards halal tourism destination.
Design/methodology/approach
A total of 375 non-Muslim tourists were surveyed in Malaysia using partial least square technique.
Findings
The findings showed that PHTPS has a significant impact on all four dimensions. The strongest relationship was found between PHTPS and trip quality, followed by PHTPS–WOM, PHTPS–satisfaction and PHTPS–trip value.
Originality/value
This study provides new insights into the theory and practice of non-Muslim tourists’ PHTPS and WOM towards halal tourism destination. The findings are valuable to tourism operators, managers and marketers with the understanding and responsibility to develop halal tourism products and services from non-Muslim tourists’ insights.
Details
Keywords
Mohamed Battour, Fatemeh Hakimian, Mohd Ismail and Erhan Boğan
This paper aims to explore the perceptions of non-Muslim tourists towards halal tourism in Malaysia and Turkey. It also investigates the extent to which non-Muslim tourists are…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to explore the perceptions of non-Muslim tourists towards halal tourism in Malaysia and Turkey. It also investigates the extent to which non-Muslim tourists are willing to purchase certain types of halal products and services.
Design/methodology/approach
Qualitative data were collected by conducting 35 semi-structured interviews with non-Muslim tourists in Malaysia and another 25 in Turkey.
Findings
Six major aspects are identified that describe the perceptions of non-Muslim tourists towards halal tourism. This paper also provides some suggestions for destination marketers on how best to cater for Western tourists and increase international arrivals.
Originality/value
This paper explores the perceptions of non-Muslim tourists towards halal tourism which is totally new research in destination marketing. It provides some original insights into the interactions between the religion of Islam and non-Muslim tourists. The insight should be of value to authorities, the industry and academics in both the Muslim and non-Muslim worlds.
Details
Keywords
Muhammad Khalilur Rahman, Suhaiza Zailani and Ghazali Musa
The World Islamic Tourism Mart in Malaysia has been attracting Muslim tourists from all over the world to choose Malaysia as their Islamic tourism destination. This paper aims to…
Abstract
Purpose
The World Islamic Tourism Mart in Malaysia has been attracting Muslim tourists from all over the world to choose Malaysia as their Islamic tourism destination. This paper aims to implement the concept of the travel career ladder (TCL) with the main purpose of the antecedents of travel motivation toward Malaysia for Islamic tourism destination (MMITD).
Design/methodology/approach
The theoretical model was tested using the structural equation modeling technique with partial least squares. A self-administered questionnaire was designed, distributed and collected from 180 effective participants who had visited Malaysia.
Findings
The findings revealed that the Islamic compliance with self-esteem needs, the Islamic compliance with relationship needs and the Islamic compliance with physiological needs have significant effects on Malaysia My Islamic tourism destination.
Research limitations/implications
The scope of this research paper is limited to TCL including the Islamic compliance issues with self-fulfillment, self-esteem, relationship, safety and physiological needs. A small sample size was obtained with participants from the Muslim countries. A future study should be comprehensively conducted on larger and diverse sampling methods with participants from the Muslim and the non-Muslim major countries, as this paper particularly discusses the theoretical and managerial implications for the anticipated future studies.
Originality/value
The study yet attempts on the part of academicians in Malaysia, what travel motivational factors influence Islamic tourists to travel MMITD. Based on the previous literature and researcher’s experience, it is a new phenomenon and investigation on MMITD.
Details
Keywords
Naushad Mohamed, Babak Taheri, Anna Farmaki, Hossein Olya and Martin Joseph Gannon
This study aims to investigate the combinations of religiosity, cosmopolitanism and perceived destination image leading to satisfaction and loyalty amongst Muslim consumers within…
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to investigate the combinations of religiosity, cosmopolitanism and perceived destination image leading to satisfaction and loyalty amongst Muslim consumers within the Maldivian tourism and hospitality context.
Design/methodology/approach
Using fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA), this study reveals that diverse combinations of religiosity, cosmopolitanism and destination image dimensions stimulate satisfaction and loyalty in Muslim consumers.
Findings
Multiple recipes can be used to design compelling destinations that balance the desire for religiosity and cosmopolitanism characteristic of contemporary Muslim consumers. The results confirm the applicability of complexity theory in explaining Muslim consumer behaviour within the Islamic destination context.
Practical implications
Several implications for the hospitality and tourism industry are drawn from the results, with suggestions for future research provided. Each fsQCA recipe identifies distinct suggestions to shape the design of destination attributes and hospitality offerings to stimulate consumer satisfaction and loyalty.
Originality/value
Complexity theory was applied to assess the complex causal relationships among Muslim consumers’ religiosity, perceived destination image, cosmopolitanism, satisfaction and loyalty.
Details
Keywords
Mohamed Battour, Khalid Mady, Mohamed Salaheldeen, Mohamed Elsotouhy, Israa Elbendary and Erhan Boğan
This paper aims to present a theoretical account of the connection between artificial intelligence (AI) enabled technologies and Muslim-friendly tourism experiences (MFTX) using…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to present a theoretical account of the connection between artificial intelligence (AI) enabled technologies and Muslim-friendly tourism experiences (MFTX) using the customer experience (CX) theory, reference group theory and theory of tourism consumption systems.
Design/methodology/approach
A model research design is adopted to build a theoretical framework that predicts relationships between constructs. Critical assessment in tourism and AI literature is used to explore AI-enabled technologies in Halal-friendly tourism.
Findings
The findings of this paper have conceptualised the CX theory for Muslim travellers satisfying their religious needs in Halal-friendly tourism by suggesting a new construct called the MFTX. It also offered a theoretical model for using AI-enabled technologies to improve the MFTX.
Originality/value
This study provides a new theoretical model for using AI-enabled technologies to improve the MFTX. This paper is also expected to provide suggestions for tourism operators and service providers to cater to Muslim tourists’ needs using AI technologies.
Details
Keywords
Ririn Tri Ratnasari, Novi Sekar Sari, Aidi Ahmi and Shafinar Ismail
The purpose of this study is to analyze studies on halal tourism in Scopus from 2010 to 2021 and reveal trends, impacts, the most influential articles and future research trends.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study is to analyze studies on halal tourism in Scopus from 2010 to 2021 and reveal trends, impacts, the most influential articles and future research trends.
Design/methodology/approach
The study used data from Scopus in 2010 to 2021 with the topic of halal tourism and obtained 122 data publications. This study uses bibliometric analysis with Biblioshiny analysis tools.
Findings
Halal tourism attracts the attention of academics and practitioners. This study analyzed 122 publications from 2010 to 2021 in Scopus, showing an increase in author contributions of 39.1% per year, peaking in 2021. The most influential article was the work of Battour and Ismail (2016), which emphasized Islamic principles in halal tourism. Mohamed Battour is the lead author, with Indonesia and Malaysia as the leading countries. Future research trends include halal tourist motivation, marketing strategies, mobile applications and artificial intelligence in supporting halal tourism. Collaboration between halal destinations and other industries is also important.
Research limitations/implications
Database searches were only performed on Scopus, so publications not scanned here could not be analyzed. The search for data from this research is also only based on the title regarding halal tourism. Thus, another article that discusses halal tourism but does not have the word “halal tourism” in the title cannot be analyzed.
Originality/value
This research is different from previous research in that this study examines literature published in Scopus on the study of halal tourism from 2010 to 2021.
Details
Keywords
Avraam Papastathopoulos, Christos Koritos and Charilaos Mertzanis
For more than 40 years, researchers have examined an exhaustive set of attributes as price determinants in tourism and hospitality. In extending this rich research stream, this…
Abstract
Purpose
For more than 40 years, researchers have examined an exhaustive set of attributes as price determinants in tourism and hospitality. In extending this rich research stream, this study aims to propose and empirically assess a new set of hotel attributes, namely, faith-based attributes that allow tourists to continue following the activities and rituals guided by their religions while on vacation.
Design/methodology/approach
Using the Bayesian quantile regression for the first time in the field of hotel pricing, the hedonic pricing models examine both internal and external faith-based attributes, namely, halal services, which cater to the needs of Muslim tourists, in a sample of 805 hotels across the top three non-Muslim country destinations (Singapore, Thailand and Japan).
Findings
By exploring the effects of faith-based (halal) attributes available in hotels located in the biggest cities of the above-mentioned destinations, this study provides evidence for the significant role of faith-based (halal) attributes in determining hospitality prices.
Practical implications
This study’s findings offer a resource for several implications for tourism and hospitality scholars, practitioners and policymakers, especially within the field of Muslim/halal tourism, to develop action plans and strategies.
Originality/value
This study is the first to introduce a novel set of faith-based hospitality attributes and empirically assess their impact on hospitality price formation. Additionally, it contributes to the hedonic pricing method by being the first to use the Bayesian quantile regression.
Details
Keywords
Noorshella Binti Che Nawi, Abdullah Al Mamun, Noorul Azwin Md Nasir, Azwan Abdullah and Wan Nurulasiah Wan Mustapha
This study aims to examine the factors affecting brand image and consumer satisfaction towards Islamic travel package in Malaysia.
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to examine the factors affecting brand image and consumer satisfaction towards Islamic travel package in Malaysia.
Design/methodology/approach
This study used a cross-sectional design and quantitative method in examining the factors affecting the brand image and consumer satisfaction on Islamic travel package. This study has chosen Google form as a platform to collect the data.
Findings
The findings revealed that product quality, Islamic physical attribute and Islamic belief have a significant positive effect on brand image and consumer satisfaction. The findings confirmed that product quality, Islamic physical attribute and Islamic beliefs are the crucial tools for brand image that leads to the satisfaction of Muslim consumers on the Islamic travel package.
Originality/value
This paper addresses understudied aspects of brand image and consumer satisfaction towards Islamic travel package in Malaysia. It provided useful insights into the product quality, Islamic physical attribute and Islamic belief on brand image and consumer satisfaction towards Islamic travel packages. Tourism companies should improve and update their package based on the religious perspective to attract Muslim consumers.