Following a brief history of cataloguing and the MARC format this paper describes current challenges in developing suitable international formats and cataloguing rules for dealing…
Abstract
Following a brief history of cataloguing and the MARC format this paper describes current challenges in developing suitable international formats and cataloguing rules for dealing with electronic resources. Extensive references to the past and current literature provide an overview of the problems faced.
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Mirna Willer and SneŽAna PanteliĆ
The article describes problems in the implementation of the CCF (Common Communication Format), namely the use of content designators and record structure, taking into account the…
Abstract
The article describes problems in the implementation of the CCF (Common Communication Format), namely the use of content designators and record structure, taking into account the actual application of the format in Yugoslavia. Particular content designators are viewed from the aspect of different cataloguing rules, while the possibilities of structuring records are described and exemplified. Format conversion is described on the basis of the authors' experience of converting from the UNIMARC format to the CCF. The definition of new fields/subfields in the CCF is analysed. The efficient use of the CCF in a particular information community depends on the aim and purpose of the use of exchanged records.
Dubravka Skender and Mirna Willar
The beginnings of the Yugoslav National and University Library (Nacionalna i sveučilišna biblioteka), Zagreb reach back as far as the first years of the 17th century when the…
Abstract
The beginnings of the Yugoslav National and University Library (Nacionalna i sveučilišna biblioteka), Zagreb reach back as far as the first years of the 17th century when the Jesuit Collegium was founded in Zagreb (1606). There is evidence that it became a public library in 1818 and in 1837 the library was granted the right to receive deposit copies from the territories of Croatia and Slavenia. By 1945 the University Library was formally established as the central library of Croatia. According to the Library Law of 1960 passed by the Parliament of the Republic, the former name Sveučilišna knjižnica (University Library) was changed to Nacionalna i sveučilišna biblioteka — NSB (National and University Library) in conformity with its tasks and activities. According to the law, it has also formally become the central library for bibliographic information in the Republic, and has become responsible for publishing the national bibliography.
Mirna Willer, Tanja Buzina, Karolina Holub, Jasenka Zajec, Miroslav Milinović and Nebojša Topolščak
The purpose of this paper is to assess costs in the National and University Library of Croatia for processing Croatian web resources and the maintenance and development of the…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to assess costs in the National and University Library of Croatia for processing Croatian web resources and the maintenance and development of the service, and to analyse the present organisation and workflow of their processing, and to propose improvements.
Design/methodology/approach
The assessment period was two months, during which the members of staff involved minutely monitored their tasks. The results were compared to the same exercise reported by the National Library of Australia and processing costs of cataloguing Croatian print publications.
Findings
The bottom‐up analysis of processing web resources shows that a balanced description of tasks and their distribution over staff members was established, and that the present workflow meets the requirements of efficient processing of web resources. As a general finding, approximately the same time was spent on archiving new items, as on the control and maintenance of the already archived ones due to the change of web resource properties, URL instability and the changes of technology. The comparative analysis showed: less time is spent on identification and selection and publishers' contacts on the part of the Croatian National Library compared to the Australian one; almost twice as much time was spent on gathering, quality assurance, and archiving instances in the Australian case than in the Croatian one; practically the same time was spent on cataloguing in both cases; and compared to cataloguing of print publications, significantly less time was spent on the print ones.
Originality/value
The paper is one of the two published articles on the in depth analysis of the workflow and processing costs of managing and selectively archiving legal deposit copies of web resources in a national library. Its potential value is in drawing attention of library managers of those institutions that deal with selective web archiving to assess costs and services in view of the legal obligations of libraries for preserving national cultural web heritage and meeting present and future users' needs.
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Gordon Dunsire and Mirna Willer
There has been a significant increase in activity over the past few years to integrate library metadata with the Semantic Web. While much of this has involved the development of…
Abstract
Purpose
There has been a significant increase in activity over the past few years to integrate library metadata with the Semantic Web. While much of this has involved the development of controlled vocabularies as “linked data”, there have recently been concerted attempts to represent standard library models for bibliographic metadata in forms that are compatible with Semantic Web technologies. This paper aims to give an overview of these initiatives, describing relationships between them in the context of the Semantic Web.
Design/methodology/approach
The paper focusses on standards created and maintained by the International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions, including Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records, Functional Requirements for Authority Data, and International Standard Bibliographic Description. It also covers related standards and models such as RDA – Resource Description and Access, REICAT (the new Italian cataloguing rules) and CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model, and the technical infrastructure for supporting relationships between them, including the RDA/ONIX framework for resource categorization, and Vocabulary Mapping Framework.
Findings
The paper discusses the importance of these developments for releasing the rich metadata held by libraries as linked data, addressing semantic and statistical inferencing, integration with user‐ and machine‐generated metadata, and authenticity, veracity and trust. It also discusses the representation of controlled vocabularies, including subject classifications and headings, name authorities, and terminologies for descriptive content, in a multilingual environment.
Practical implications
Finally, the paper discusses the potential collective impact of these initiatives on metadata workflows and management systems.
Originality/value
The paper provides a general review of recent activity for those interested in the development of library standards, the Semantic Web, and universal bibliographic control.
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Sanjica Faletar Tanackoviæ and Boris Badurina
The purpose of this paper is to report on research that examined the relationship between, and collaboration of, Croatian archives, libraries and museums.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to report on research that examined the relationship between, and collaboration of, Croatian archives, libraries and museums.
Design/methodology/approach
Online survey and unstructured interviews with archivists from across Croatia were used to investigate collaborative activities in Croatian archives.
Findings
Archivists see libraries and museums as their natural partners and believe that collaboration facilitates their mission and leads to better service to patrons. However, they all believe that there is room for more intensive inter‐institutional partnerships. Apart from numerous benefits, they also indicated a number of challenges they face in collaborative activities.
Research limitations/implications
A larger sample for qualitative methodology would greatly serve to clarify and expand upon the findings.
Practical implications
The results of this survey are useful to cultural heritage professionals in planning and organisation of collaborative projects. Also, government and authorised institutions can learn about what kind of support archives would need to embark on a more intensive collaboration.
Originality/value
To the author's knowledge, this is the first work that looks in detail into collaborative activities of archives. As far as the authors are aware, similar investigations have been carried out regarding library and museum collaboration only.
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This conference report of the 2005 LIDA Conference captures the varied presentations by speakers from the USA, Europe and the Baltic States.
Abstract
Purpose
This conference report of the 2005 LIDA Conference captures the varied presentations by speakers from the USA, Europe and the Baltic States.
Design/methodology/approach
Digital libraries are in a maturing state and different developments were shared and examples of projects were given.
Findings
This is an annual meeting in this region of the world that brings a talented list of speakers from North America and Europe.
Research limitations/implications
Small conference.
Practical implications
This is a focused conference that has proven itself over time to attract excellent keynote speakers that come to this part of the world to share expertise and ideas.
Originality/value
This conference attracts major prominent speakers so the themes are important and well documented. The annual themes lend to many subthemes such as user evaluation, usability, digital reference, and other new digital applications.
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Presents an outline of post‐Soviet Lithuanian attempts to bringnational standards of bibliographic practice into line with those of theinternational community. Perceives…
Abstract
Presents an outline of post‐Soviet Lithuanian attempts to bring national standards of bibliographic practice into line with those of the international community. Perceives international bibliographic standards as the tools of international integration of library and information work. UNIMARC is one of the first to be implemented in Lithuanian libraries and is used as a national and inner format. It is closely linked to the international standard bibliographic description. The Centre of Bibliography and Book research is working on the translation of ISBDs. Together with the Paris principles and UNIMARC/Authoritiesthey will serve as a basis for Lithuanian national cataloguing rules. Universal decimal classification is used in subject cataloguing in Lithuanian libraries. International standard publication numbers (ISSN, ISBN, ISMN) are mandatory elements of the catalogue records in computerized library stystems. The implementation of international bibliographic standards in Lithuania is supported by IFLA and the international library community.
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Among the problems associated with the requirements and theprospects for international standards for the exchange of bibliographicrecords in machine‐readable form are the various…
Abstract
Among the problems associated with the requirements and the prospects for international standards for the exchange of bibliographic records in machine‐readable form are the various roles of national bibliographies and national libraries; a lack of international cataloguing standards; a lack of an international subject control system; language difficulties; character sets and codes; and non‐roman alphabets. These problems lie behind the development of various MARC formats out of UNIMARC. In this final part of a four‐part article describes the formats for South Africa, Taiwan, Japan, Croatia and Germany and indicates the points of difference and local requirements.