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This study aims to report the effectiveness of family based treatment and pharmacotherapy on an adolescent boy with anorexia nervosa and intellectual disability.

The authors reported the case of a 16-year-old boy with AN and ID and referred him to a family therapist and psychiatrist in Tehran.

The patient experienced fatigue, weakness, dissatisfaction, suicidal thoughts and self-harm signs over the past one year. He also had behaviors such as abstinence from eating and voluntary vomiting. He was diagnosed with AN and MDD.

The results suggest that these interventions can be effective but should be used with special consideration. Combining family therapy and pharmacotherapy might offer a chance to alleviate anorexia symptoms in people with ID.

This paper investigates whether an audit expectation gap exists among independent auditors and users of financial statements in Iran.

The study uses a survey instrument to identify the audit expectation gap in Iran. The research method is similar to that adopted by Schelluch, Best et al., Fadzly and Ahmad and Dixon et al.

Audit expectation gaps are found to exist in the areas of auditor responsibility for fraud detection, soundness of the internal controls, and preparation of financial statements. Results indicate no significant difference between users and independent auditors regarding the reliability and utility of audited financial statements. The insignificant results in terms of audit function could be attributed to the culture of trust between auditors and stakeholders in Iran.

Despite normal precautionary steps to increase the response rate, non‐response bias may affect the findings. Another limitation of the study is the different economic and cultural conditions of Iran compared to other countries. Therefore, caution should be used in generalizing the findings to other countries.

The findings will help to reduce the expectation gaps through improvement in auditor‐user communication in the audit reports as well as educating users on the nature and functions of audits.

The paper extends previous studies on audit expectation gap in a different economic and cultural context, i.e. Iran.