Yingxiang Zhao, Junde Guo, Xiaoni Yan, Shan Du, Min Gong, Biao Sun, Junwen Shi and Wen Deng
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the friction and wear mechanisms in copper-based self-lubricating composites with MoS2 as the lubricating phase, which provides a…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the friction and wear mechanisms in copper-based self-lubricating composites with MoS2 as the lubricating phase, which provides a theoretical basis for subsequent research on high-performance copper-based self-lubricating materials.
Design/methodology/approach
Friction tests were performed at a speed of 100 r/min, a load of 10 N, a friction radius of 5 mm and a sliding speed of 30 min. Friction experiments were carried out at RT-500°C. The phase composition of the samples was characterized by X-ray diffraction of Cu Ka radiation, and the microstructure, morphology and elemental distribution were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy. Reactants and valences formed during the wear process were analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.
Findings
The addition of MoS2 can effectively improve friction-reducing and anti-wear action of the matrix, which is beneficial to form a lubricating film on the sliding track. After analyzing different changing mechanism of the sliding tracks, the oxides and sulfides of MoS2, MoO2, Cu2O, CuO and Ni(OH)2 were detected to form a synergetic lubricating film on the sliding track, which is responsible for the excellent tribological properties from room to elevated temperature.
Research limitations/implications
For self-lubrication Cu–Sn–Ni–MoS2 material in engineering field, there are still few available references on high-temperature application.
Practical implications
This paper provides a theoretical basis for the following research on copper-based self-lubricating materials with high performance.
Originality/value
With this statement, the authors hereby certify that the manuscript is the results of their own effort and ability. They have indicated all quotes, citations and references. Furthermore, the authors have not submitted any essay, paper or thesis with similar content elsewhere. No conflict of interest exits in the submission of this manuscript.
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Min Gong and Dandan Wang
With the development of the digital economy, the pressure on firms to transform digitally continues to increase. The top management team (TMT) is the subject of decision-making…
Abstract
Purpose
With the development of the digital economy, the pressure on firms to transform digitally continues to increase. The top management team (TMT) is the subject of decision-making, and its structure is expected to influence the process and outcome of corporate digital transformation. This study aims to explore the impact of the TMT structure on corporate digital transformation from perspectives on TMT relationship-related and task-related faultlines.
Design/methodology/approach
This study obtained 7,510 observations belonging to 1,971 publicly listed Chinese manufacturing firms between 2011 and 2019. It analyzed the above data with ordinary least squares fixed-effects panel regression models and used instrumental variables to solve potential endogeneity problems.
Findings
Drawing on social categorization theory and information processing theory and the concept of demographic faultlines, we proposed and found that relationship-related (i.e. gender and age) faultlines within a TMT may hinder digital transformation while task-related (i.e. education level, functional background and tenure) faultlines have an inverted U-shaped effect on digital transformation. In addition, we posited and confirmed that market competition weakens the negative effect of relationship-related faultlines but strengthens the inverted U-shaped effect of task-related faultlines.
Originality/value
By exploring the nuanced roles of TMT demographic faultlines in corporate digital transformation, our study enriches research on the antecedents of digital transformation from the TMT structure perspective and deepens the understanding of the decision process for digital transformation. In addition, this study extends existing claims about the contrasting roles of relationship-related and task-related faultlines, thereby enhancing our understanding of TMT demographic faultlines. Further, this study augments our knowledge about market competition by revealing its nuanced roles within TMT dynamics and providing supportive evidence for its positive impact on TMT function within firms. This study also offers managerial guidance for corporate digitization practice and the optimization of the internal structures of the TMTs.
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A novel Ka-band compact parallel-coupled microstrip bandpass filter with harmonic suppression performance has been designed, implemented and tested on GaAs MMIC.
Abstract
Purpose
A novel Ka-band compact parallel-coupled microstrip bandpass filter with harmonic suppression performance has been designed, implemented and tested on GaAs MMIC.
Design/methodology/approach
This proposed filter consists of modified coupled-line units with T-shaped open-stubs.
Findings
The proposed filter with T-shaped open-stubs is valuable in performance with low loss at fundamental frequency, suppression at harmonic frequencies and small size. The simulation is based on full-wave electromagnetic analysis and the measurement is based on chip test. It shows an insertion loss below 1.2 dB, return loss better than 20 dB in the pass band and high than 28 dB suppression at harmonic frequencies.
Originality/value
This Ka-band MMIC filter with harmonic suppression is attractive for the millimeter-wave system.
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Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to present a K-band modified hairpin bandpass filter on a planar circuit with harmonic suppression and compact size.
Design/methodology/approach
The inter-connect transmission lines of conventional hairpin filter are replayed by T-shaped open stub to achieve transmission zero for second harmonic. This filter is simulated and optimized by using electromagnetic simulation software and tested on-chip.
Findings
This proposed filter shows the return loss of better than −10dB, the insertion loss of better than 2 dB in pass-band and suppression of more than 40 dB at second harmonic.
Originality/value
The proposed filter can be designed on monolithic microwave integrated circuit, PCB or LTCC and it is useable for microwave and microwave and millimeter-wave systems.
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Min Li, Wenyuan Huang, Chunyang Zhang and Zhengxi Yang
The purpose of this paper is to draw on triadic reciprocal determinism and social exchange theory to examine how “induced-type” and “compulsory-type” union participation influence…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to draw on triadic reciprocal determinism and social exchange theory to examine how “induced-type” and “compulsory-type” union participation influence union commitment and job involvement, and how union participation in the west differs from that in China. It also examines whether the role of both organizational justice and employee participation climate (EPC) functions in the Chinese context.
Design/methodology/approach
Cross-sectional data are collected from 694 employees in 46 non-publicly owned enterprises, both Chinese and foreign, in the Pearl River Delta region of China. A multi-level moderated mediation test is used to examine the model of this research.
Findings
Union participation is positively related to organizational justice, union commitment and job involvement. In addition, organizational justice acts as the mediator among union participation, union commitment and job involvement. Specifically, the mediating role of organizational justice between union participation and union commitment, and between union participation and job involvement, is stronger in high-EPC contexts than low-EPC contexts.
Originality/value
Instead of examining the impacts of attitudes on union participation, as per most studies in the western context, this research examines the impacts of union participation in the Chinese context on attitudes, including union commitment and job involvement. It also reveals the role of both organizational justice and EPC in the process through which union participation influences union commitment and job involvement.
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Is non‐sequential internationalization process solely technology enabled or a product of mutually interdependent forces? This paper aims to show that even though the sequential…
Abstract
Purpose
Is non‐sequential internationalization process solely technology enabled or a product of mutually interdependent forces? This paper aims to show that even though the sequential approach in the process model is intuitively appealing, not all firms follow such a path. Hence, integrated framework to explain how the international market entry process has changed with respect to the sequential approach is presented.
Design/methodology/approach
The data banks of the Swedish Trade Council and the Chambers of Commerce are used to identify small and medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs) with between 50 and 250 employees (in compliance with European Union's definition of SMEs). Data are collected through the use of questionnaires and in‐depth interviews from 60 Swedish SMEs operating in other countries and foreign SMEs operating in Sweden that tends not to develop in incremental stages with respect to their international.
Findings
Some of the findings are: that the sequential model is by no means reflective of, or appropriate for all firms' approaches to international business; the usefulness gained by using an international network approach to study the international activity of a firm; and the interplay between the identified driving forces behind a non‐sequential internationalization process.
Research limitations/implications
Even though market entry patterns of firms investigated demonstrate a non‐sequential internationalization process, they are still within the general theoretical framework where the basic assumption of the sequential internationalization model can maintain its validity. Firms are indeed exposed to irrecoverable transaction costs that hamper their behaviours and complicate export supply responses in international markets. However, the magnitude of the costs and speed of internationalization is dependent on the ability of the firms to take advantage of the enablers of non‐sequential internationalization pattern. This is particularly important for firms to and from developing countries and emerging markets and their propensities to succeed in their internationalization endeavours.
Originality/value
Knowledge acquired from the empirical study of firms that tend not to develop in incremental stages with respect to their international activities, and therefore start international activities by entering very distant markets and multiple countries right from birth without prior experience, is used to develop an integrated framework which aptly depicts that non‐sequential internationalization process is not solely enabled by technology, as commonly envisaged in literature, but a product of mutually interdependent forces. Consequently, this study provides a holistic view on the driving forces behind the rapid internationalization process encountered by many SMEs today.
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Mian Wang and Yajing Feng
Special education in China has lagged behind regular education for many years, however, the past few decades, the government has made considerable efforts to develop and improve…
Abstract
Special education in China has lagged behind regular education for many years, however, the past few decades, the government has made considerable efforts to develop and improve the special education system. While the citizens of China have had a generic moral interest in disability since ancient times, the development of special education schools did not occur until American and European missionaries started schools for the visually and hearing impaired in the 19th century. The next major influence in the development of the special education system occurred with China’s Cultural Revolution in 1978. Interestingly, there is not any exclusive legislation on special education but in the 1980s, the government started Learning in Regular Classrooms (LRC), which is China’s version of inclusion. LRC has progressed rapidly the past two decades; however, the quality of instruction is low due to a lack of specialists, a shortage of personnel, inadequate funding, and limited technology as well as other barriers that are delineated in the chapter. The chapter emphasizes the government’s recent efforts in in-service teacher training, the preparation of preservice teachers, working with families, developing community rehabilitation training programs, and implementing evidence-based practices. Special education in China today is at a good place but it has quite a way from the ideal situation.
Xu Yan, Min Gong and James Y.L. Thong
The short message service (SMS) has been available in Hong Kong and China since the late 1990s. However, the user acceptance patterns for this service have been evidently…
Abstract
Purpose
The short message service (SMS) has been available in Hong Kong and China since the late 1990s. However, the user acceptance patterns for this service have been evidently different in these two regions. Based on fieldwork in Hong Kong and China, this study attempts to explain these differences.
Design/methodology/approach
The paper uses the information technology acceptance framework, which posits that various external factors impact on a person's perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and subjective norms, leading to user acceptance of the SMS.
Findings
This study contributes to telecommunications research by delineating the various stimuli to consider for successful technology acceptance in a global setting, which can account for differential impacts across regions. These stimuli include the economic development level, cultural differences, political censorship, business models, market competition, and input language.
Research limitations/implications
More rigorous statistical analysis will further enhance this paper.
Practical implications
The findings of this study can assist telecommunications operators in formulating an effective region‐specific strategy when launching a wireless data service in a particular environment.
Originality/value
This paper is of use in that it studies telecommunications issues with reference to the theories of information systems.
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The authors focus on a non-Western setting that has hardly featured in debates around political authenticity, Taiwan. The authors also adopt a novel inter-generational perspective…
Abstract
The authors focus on a non-Western setting that has hardly featured in debates around political authenticity, Taiwan. The authors also adopt a novel inter-generational perspective to look at varying attitudes towards two ‘unconventional’, high-profile politicians, Ko Wen-je and Han Kuo-yu. Drawing on focus group data, the authors note the similarities and differences in the way that the different generations engage with, and assess, the two politicians with a particular focus on the extent to which their personalities, appearance, and everyday activities are perceived as authentic.